Answer to Li Guangli's Biography in Classical Chinese

1. Hanshu. Content Words and Function Words in Classical Chinese Sentence No.31in Zhang Qian Li Guangli Biography

2. Analysis of the classical Chinese "Biography of Ji Zun" and the word Brother Sun, born in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In 24 AD, Liu Xiu attacked Angelababy, and Ji Zun went to find him, and was accepted as a doorman by Liu Xiu. Later, he moved to Hebei with the army and became a law enforcement officer in the army, responsible for the decrees of the military camp.

During his tenure, he strictly enforced the law and was praised by everyone regardless of personal feelings. On one occasion, a waiter around Liu Xiu committed a crime. When Ji Zun found out the truth, he executed the waiter according to law.

Liu Xiu was very angry when she learned about it. He thinks that Ji Zun dares to punish the people around him and wants to punish Ji Zun. But immediately someone came to remonstrate with Liu Xiu and said, "Strict military orders are the king's requirements. Now, Ji Zun adheres to the law and is doing the right thing.

Only when his words and deeds are consistent can he command the three armed forces with prestige. "Liu Xiu listened to feel right.

Later, instead of being punished, he was named General Lu and Hou. Ji Zun is honest, upright, cautious and self-denial. He often gets Liu Xiu's awards, but he gives all these awards to his people.

He lives a very frugal life and has little private property at home. Even when arranging the funeral, he still told his people not to waste money, as long as they carried their bodies and coffins with cows and dragged them to Luoyang for a hasty burial.

3. How to translate the classical Chinese version of Zhao Han Guo Chongchuan: Zhao Chongguo (52 years before 137 BC), a merchant of the Western Han Dynasty, was a brave and resourceful strategist who made outstanding contributions to the reclamation policy at that time. He is calm, brave and far-sighted. When I was a teenager, I studied the art of war as well as the military. In BC 1 19, with the victory of the third large-scale conquest of Xiongnu by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, 700,000 people emigrated to strengthen the northern border defense. In the area from Shuofang in the east to Yongdeng County in the west until today, Union officials were set up to supply cattle and plows to immigrants, and the pasture became an agricultural area. Zhao Chongguo is a year of family migration.

In 99 BC, he attacked the Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was completely besieged by the Xiongnu. Han soldiers had no food for several days, and the casualties increased. Guo Chong led hundreds of brave men to break through the trap, followed by Li Guangli and soldiers. They were injured in more than 20 places and were finally cleared out. Guangli told the emperor about this situation. The emperor received Guo Chong, personally saw the trauma, sighed as a warrior, worshipped the corps commander, and moved the car to ride the general. When Emperor Zhaodi was Emperor Zhaodi, he moved the corps commander and Shuiheng as a captain. He fought against the Huns again, captured the king of the Western Qi and returned home, and was promoted to a captain and a post-general to protect Qiang. In 74 BC, because of the contribution of the general Huo Guang, he was named the Empress Hou.

In the later period of Liang Wudi, the Qiang people living in present-day Qinghai Province often invaded the mainland and occupied the city slightly. Xiongnu also wanted to unite Qiang people to invade the Han Dynasty. Faced with this situation, Emperor Wu proposed to cut off the Xiongnu's right arm, referring to this alliance, but the soldiers sent were also defeated by the Qiang people. At this time, Qiang Jin gradually moved to the north of Huangshui, looking for a place where farmers abandoned farming to graze. At the same time, Qiang tribes also have a tendency to unite, and county officials can't ban it. At this time, the Huns wanted to collude with the Qiang people and expand their intrusion into the Western Han Dynasty. The army sent by the Han Dynasty to Haojiao (east of Datong River in Qinghai Province today) was defeated by the Qiang people and suffered heavy losses. In the first year of Shenjue (6 1 year BC), Zhao Chongguo was in his seventies, and he was still supervising the army in the west, defeating the Qiang people. After coming back, the three parties wrote to the imperial court, analyzed the situation in detail, suggested nip in the bud, and put forward the idea of "reclaiming the sea with soldiers", which was appreciated by Xuan Di. Because he was old, Xuan Di asked him, "Who is the most suitable for sending troops?" He replied happily: "There is no more suitable candidate than the old minister." Ask again: "How many men do you need?" "Seeing is believing. I want to go to Jincheng (near Lanzhou today) immediately to measure the terrain and write a plan. Your majesty, I'll take care of this. "He led less than ten thousand cavalry, set out quickly, skillfully crossed the Yellow River, gain a foothold, ready to fight. On the banks of the Huangshui River, the Qiang people challenged many times, but he couldn't hold on. He just surrendered with prestige and dissolved the plan of the Qiang tribe. At this time, he suggested that the imperial court take the wasteland in Huangzhong (now on both sides of Huangshui River in Qinghai Province) as a long-term solution, and put forward the method of raising grain on the spot, which can "make grain because of fields" and "residents can merge fields without losing agriculture"; "The way to win by sitting"; "12 stools" such as "big expenses save, the corvee pays interest in advance". This played a great supporting role in the frequent wars at that time, reduced the burden on the people, and has always influenced future generations.

After Guo Chong's death, he and Huo Guang painted a portrait in Weiyang Palace, which overflowed into Zhuang and was buried in Yang (northwest of Imashimizu County). Now it is listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. Zhao Chongguo's March is mainly based on reconnaissance, and ready to fight at any time. When camping, strengthen camp defense, slow and steady, and no fighting is unplanned. Love your soldiers and you will win the battle. After the old man resigned from his home, the court often participated in the strategy or asked him for advice whenever discussing major border defense issues.

Han Shu, also known as Pre-Han Shu, was compiled by Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China. It lasted for more than 20 years, and was basically completed at the initial stage of its establishment, which was later interpreted by Yan Shigu in the Tang Dynasty. It is the first biographical dynastic history in China, one of the "Twenty-four History". Hanshu is another important historical book in ancient China after Shiji, and it is called "the first four histories" together with Shiji, Houhanshu and The History of the Three Kingdoms. Hanshu mainly describes the historical events of 230 years from the first year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC) to the fourth year of Emperor Wangmang of the New Dynasty (23 AD). Hanshu includes twelve chapters, eight tables, ten records, seventy biographies and one hundred * * *. Later generations divided it into 120 volumes with 800,000 words.

Author information:

Ban Gu (AD 32 ~ 92) was the son of Ban Biao, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the younger brother of Ban Chao, whose name was Meng Jian, who was born in Fufeng Anling (now Xianyang, Shaanxi). Born in the eighth year of Jianwu, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he died in the fourth year of Yongyuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty at the age of 6 1 year. Since childhood, Ban Gu has been very clever. "At the age of nine, he could become a writer and recite poems and poems." As an adult, he read widely. "There are nine schools of thought that are all poor." He is the author of six volumes of White Tiger's Theory of Tongde, one hundred and twenty volumes of Hanshu and seventeen volumes of Anthology.

Creative background:

Because Historical Records only wrote the early years of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, many people wrote sequels for it at that time. According to the records in the Book of Changes, there are more than ten people who wrote the sequel to Historical Records, such as Liu Xiang, Liu Xin, and so on, whose title is still called Historical Records. Ban Gu's father, Ban Biao (AD 3 ~ AD 54), was very dissatisfied with these sequels, so he chose Different Stories about Old Events as Historical Records and Postscript of Sixty-five. After Ban Biao's death, Ban Gu, who was only 22 years old, began to sort out his father's manuscripts, determined to follow in his father's footsteps and complete this masterpiece.

4. The Biography of Han Zhao Chongguo was translated by Zhao Chongguo (52 years before 137 BC), whose real name was Weng Sun, who was born in Longxi, Western Han Dynasty. He was originally a cavalry, but later, because he was good at riding and shooting, he joined the body guard and became a good son of six counties. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (99 BC), he attacked the Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was besieged by the Xiongnu. Han soldiers had no food for several days, and the casualties increased. Guo Chong led hundreds of strong men to break through the trap, followed by Li Guangli and soldiers, and finally the clearance was completed.

In the third year of Han Yuankang, Xianling and Han Kai were both Xiqiang races, each with its own toast, and they became enemies because of mutual attacks. Later, the Huns joined forces with other Qiang people, made a covenant with each other, and relieved their hatred. Zhao Di, Emperor Gaozu, heard about it.

Take it and ask Zhao Chongguo. When he was in his seventies, Emperor Zhao thought he was very old. Zhao Chongguo replied: "There is no better candidate than the old minister." Emperor Zhao said, "Can the general predict the current strength of the Qiang people and how many soldiers and horses he intends to take?" Zhao Chongguo said, "Seeing is believing. It's hard to imagine a war breaking out of thin air. The old minister wants to go to Jincheng first, and then plan the attack. " When Zhao Chongguo arrived in Jincheng, he called ten thousand soldiers to cross the river, but he was afraid of being intercepted by the Qiang people.

He sent three battalions of soldiers to cross the river quietly at night. After crossing the river, they immediately set up camp to guard against the invasion of Qiang people. At dawn, all the sergeants crossed the river safely in turn. After the Qiang people discovered it, they sent hundreds of cavalry to harass around the Han army. Zhao Chongguo thinks that Qiang soldiers have always been brave and good at fighting, and it is difficult to subdue them. Moreover, this may be a trick of the Qiang people to lure the enemy, so they ordered: "Our army and horses have just crossed the river and are a little tired. There is no need to pursue Qiang riding. The goal of attacking Qiang Qi is to destroy them. You don't have to be greedy if you ride nearly a hundred. "

Zhao Chongguo sent cavalry in the vicinity and ytterbium qing reconnaissance in these two places, found no qiang people. So he took his troops to Luodu at night and called the generals of various ministries and said, "I knew Qiang people were not good at using troops. If we send thousands of men to look around and watch the cymbals, how can our army enter? " So, he pushed to the west and came to the mansion in Dewey West, where he ate and drank every day. Both the sergeant and the foot soldiers hope to contribute to him. The Qiang people came to provoke him several times, and Zhao Chongguo ordered them to stick to it.

Emperor Zhao ordered Zhao Chongguo to attack. Zhao Chongguo wrote a letter, repenting his sins and dissecting his own interests, saying, "I heard from Sun Tzu's Art of War that' a man who is good at fighting can control the enemy, but not be controlled by the enemy'. Since the Qiang people invaded, we must train our military forces in an orderly way, so that we can get earlier and earlier. This is the way to win. According to the old minister, if you can destroy zero first, even if you don't crusade, it will naturally submit; In case the first zero has been wiped out and the rare start is not satisfied, then it is not too late to attack again in the first month. "

Emperor Zhao accepted Zhao Chongguo's opinion. Then Zhao Chongguo led his troops to attack the first zero, the first zero, because he lived in peace for a long time and let his guard down. When he saw the army of the Han Dynasty, he left his equipment and tried to cross Huangshui for his life. Because of the narrow road, Zhao Chongguo had to retreat slowly. Some people say, "Chasing the first batch of deserters is a great opportunity to make contributions." Zhao Chongguo said, "These are desperate robbers. We shouldn't push them too hard. Chase them slowly, and they will run away; But if they are in a hurry, they may come back to work hard. "

The chief of the Qiang nationality forgot and came to surrender automatically. After Zhao Chongguo gave him food, he still told him to go back and convince others. Suddenly, more than ten thousand Qiang people surrendered. Zhao Chongguo expected the Qiang people to disintegrate on their own, so he transferred all the cavalry back and asked permission to leave 10,000 soldiers in the local wasteland and wait for it to change.

Later, Zhao Chongguo resigned due to an old illness at home. Every time the imperial court discusses major frontier defense issues, it often participates in strategies or asks him for solutions. Ganlu died two years ago, at the age of 86, in Zhuanghou, posthumous title.

5. Ye Qiangui and Hailu classical Chinese answers Ye Qiangui and Hailu (1) I am eager to learn, and I haven't published a book for forty years. I ate all over my mouth and thought it was a pillow. Scholars have different books. I don't borrow them, but I keep reading them. I often have no money and can't write completely. I intercropped dozens of books, and chose the usable handwritten copy, which was called Hailu.

16. Add some words (4 points) (1) Don't release the volume for 40 years () (2) Eat with food ().

17. Explain underlined sentences in the text in modern Chinese (2 points). If you don't read them, you can't read them to the end. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

18. Ye Qiangui wrote Hai Lu by the most basic research method, that is _ _ _ _ _ _ _; His key success lies in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (summarized by an idiom), from which we understand the truth of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

16.( 1) Put down (2) for use.

17. There are no borrowed books that you don't read, and there are no books that you put down before you finish reading them.

18. Perseverance in reading and copying (perseverance) There is no shortcut to reading, only diligence.

6. Answer Classical Chinese When Kong Wenju was ten years old, he followed his father to Luoyang.

At that time, Li Yuanli was very prestigious and served as the captain of Li Si. The visitors are all outstanding talents, justified people and his middle cousin. Only these people are allowed to inform the door.

Kong Wenju came to his door and said to the doorman, "I am a relative of Li Fujun." After the briefing, Kong Wenju went in and sat in the front row.

Li Yuanli asked, "What is your relationship with me?" Kong Wenju replied, "In the past, my ancestor Kong Zhongni and your ancestor Li Boyang were relatives of teachers and friends. In this way, aren't you and I family friends? " Li Yuanli and his guests were not surprised by his answer. At this moment, Dr. Chen Ying, a Chinese medicine practitioner, just came in and was told what Kong Wenju had said.

Chen Yi said, "When you were young, you were smart, but when you grow up, you may not be you." Kong Wenju said, "According to you, you must have been very smart when you were a child!" Yang Chen was very embarrassed.

7. Reading Classical Chinese, Han Shu, Han Shu, Liu Juan, Sixty-six Biographies Article 36 Liu Quli Biographies the original Liu Quli, the younger brother of the emperor, Prince Zhongshan Jing, and I don't know why.

In the spring of Zheng He's second year, the imperial edict said, "Therefore, why should the Prime Minister lean on the old and take advantage of the high situation to do evil?". He promotes beautiful land for the benefit of his children and guests, regardless of Yuan Yuan, which is not conducive to the valley and the goods are superior. I put up with it for a long time. In the end, we don't change ourselves, but rely on the edge to make Neixian introspect, let the tillers have their fields, let the farmers be troubled, let the livestock be troubled, and weaken the military equipment; Officials were arbitrarily appointed and the people were exiled; And cheat for the imperial edict, to rape the biography of Zhu Anshi.

Everything is fine in prison. Zhuo Juntai kept Qu Mao as the left prime minister, and the prime minister's long history was divided into two houses, waiting for a distant choice in the world.

Pro-Ren Xian, Zhou and Tang also. Take Peng Hu's "Left Prime Minister's Letter of 2,200" as Peng Hou. "

In the autumn, the prince was slandered and killed by Jiang Chong, and sent troops to the Prime Minister's office. Qu Taizu stepped forward to escape and killed him. At that time, I went to Ganquan Palace for the summer vacation, and the Prime Minister Changshi took advantage of the illness to listen.

He asked, "What is a prime minister?" He said: "The Prime Minister kept it a secret and dared not send troops." He said angrily, "if you have such a record, what is the secret?" The prime minister has no wind of the duke of Zhou.

Duke Zhou doesn't care. What about Cai Hu? The letter was handed over to Prime Minister Xi Shu, which read: "Those who arrest and behead the rebels will be rewarded and punished." . Take ox cart as a lesson, don't take short soldiers, kill more people.

Firmly close the city gate to prevent the rebels from coming out. "The prince sent his troops and declared that the emperor was sick and sleepy, and he was suspicious. Treacherous court officials want to start an uprising.

So he comes from Ganquan. Fortunately, Zhang Gong Palace was built in the west of the city, and three auxiliary soldiers were sent to the county seat. Less than two thousand stones, the prime minister is also a general. The prince also sent envoys to pardon the captives of the commander-in-chief of Chang 'an, sent soldiers to the armory, and ordered young Fu Shide and Ke Zhangguang to divide them into equal generals, so that the captives of Chang 'an, such as Hou Zhijie, could send long water and ride horses in Xuanqu, all dressed neatly.

Assistant Minister Mang sent an envoy to Chang 'an. Because of the pursuit, he said to the Hu people, "Don't listen to deception." Then beheaded him, led him into Chang 'an, and sent a group of scholars to Shangqiu City in Dahonglian.

At the beginning, the Han Festival was pure red, and the prince held the Red Festival, so it was yellower and different. The prince summoned the messenger of the northern army to send him to the northern army, but he was safe and sound, closed the door and refused to answer the prince.

The prince led tens of thousands of people in four cities and drove them to Xique, Changle, where they met the Prime Minister's army and fought for five days. Tens of thousands of people died and blood flowed into ditches. The prime minister's army was soaked, and the prince's army was defeated. He ran south and built the gate of Ang.

On the night of the meeting, Si Zhitian Renbu closed the city gate, took the prince out, and the prime minister wanted to behead him. The Imperial Doctor called the Prime Minister with a sudden victory, saying, "The Minister is straight and has collected two thousand stones. You should invite them first, but why do you cut them? " Prime Minister Shi Ren.

When I heard about it, I was furious. The official asked the doctor too much: "Why did the doctor stop it when the Prime Minister cut it?" Afraid of winning, suicide. Ren An, an emissary of the Northern Army, will be beheaded on the day when he sits as a prince.

He said: "It is a great achievement to turn assistant minister Mang Tong into a general and Chang 'an people get a little help from him. Dahonglu Shangqiu defeated Zhang Guang.

It was named coincidence Hou, built as Dehou, and became Yunhou. "Prince guests, taste in and out of the palace, sit over.

He sent troops to fight against the French with the prince. The official robbers moved to Dunhuang County.

The prince is outside, and the gate of Chang 'an is erected. After more than 20 days, the prince entered the lake.

The language is in The Legend of the Prince. Next year, Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, will attack the Huns, and the Prime Minister will take the ancestral road to send Wei Qiao and Guangli to the death.

Li Guang said, "I hope you can ask King Changyi to be the prince. If you are the emperor, why are you worried? " Qu Mao agreed.

King Changyi, the daughter and brother of Li Fu, the second division general, is also a son of man. The second teacher's daughter is Qu Maozi's wife, so * * * wants to stand up.

At that time, there was an urgent need to cure witches, and the lady ordered Guo Hong to tell the Prime Minister's wife that the Prime Minister had a task, and asked the Wudian Society to curse the Lord and pray for the temple with the Second Division, hoping to make Changyi King emperor. Asking for a case review is a big crime.

There is an imperial edict carrying a kitchen cart in favor of Qu Taizu, beheading the East City, and his wife offering Huayang Street. The wife of the general of the second division also accepted.

The second division heard of it, surrendered the Huns, and the tribe was destroyed. Liu Quli is the son of Liu Sheng, the half-brother of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. How he started to be promoted is unknown.

In the spring of the second year, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent an invitation to the imperial envoys, saying, "The former Prime Minister, Gong Sunhe, relied on his old relationship with me and used his high position to do evil, enriching the interests of future generations and guests, regardless of the sufferings of the broad masses of people; Soldiers on the border lack food and can't find ways to increase food; I have put up with what he did for a long time, because his greed for wealth and goods led the people to bribe the officials of the upper class. However, he himself did not repent, and he was good at advocating giving favors to the border counties, hoping to seek unity for himself, so that the inland counties could save money to build cars for the troops stationed in the border counties, and also let farmers transport food to the border counties themselves, resulting in poverty of farmers, fatigue of livestock, loss of horses and attenuation of military equipment; The following officials arbitrarily increased taxes, leading to bankruptcy and exile of the people; He also issued a false imperial edict to arrest Juan Shi for adultery.

The judge handled the case of GongSunHe and his son correctly. Liu Quli, the magistrate of Zhuojun County, was appointed as the left prime minister, and the long-history prime minister was divided into two, waiting for the sage to appoint the right prime minister.

Appoint talents by close relatives. This is the customary law in Tang Yao and the Western Zhou Dynasty.

2,200 households in Pengdi were named as Penghou by Liu Quli, the left prime minister. "Politics and two years in the autumn, Jiang Chong into slanderers, framed prince related to witchcraft. The guilty prince killed Jiang Chong and led the troops into the Prime Minister's mansion. Liu Quli led himself to escape and lost the official seal of Prime Minister Zuo.

When Emperor Wu sent someone to Ganquan Palace for the summer, the Prime Minister Changshi rode the fast horse of the post station and went straight to Ganquan Palace to tell him about it. Emperor Wu asked, "What is the Prime Minister doing?" The Prime Minister replied: "The Prime Minister is blocking the news and dare not send troops." Emperor Wu said angrily, "What can we say about blocking news when things have come to this?" ? The Prime Minister has no demeanor of the Duke of Zhou.

Didn't Duke Zhou kill Guan Shu and Cai Shu? So I wrote a letter to Prime Minister Liu Quli, which said, "I will be rewarded for killing the rebels. Surround the rebels far away, use the ox cart as a shield, and don't fight with the rebels, which will kill more soldiers.

Close the city gate firmly and don't let the rebels escape from the city. "Prince has killed Jiang Chong, led the rebellion, so Xuan Wudi was seriously ill in Ganquan Palace. The prince sent his troops to suspect that the capital had changed, and the treacherous court official wanted to make an insurrection.

At this time, Liang Wudi returned to Chang 'an from Ganquan Palace and visited Zhang Jian Palace in the west of Chang 'an. He also summoned Jing, Zuo Fengyi and You Fufeng to the counties near Chang 'an, and deployed officials below 2,000 stones, with Liu Quli, the left prime minister, as the general. The prince also sent messengers to preach a false imperial edict to pardon the prisoners in the capital Chang 'an government office.

8. When Fan Zhongyan was appointed as the satrap of Tonglu, he first built Mr. Yan's ancestral hall at Diaoyutai (memorial) and wrote a note in his own hand, which read: Yunshan is grey and the sea is boundless. The virtue of a gentleman, the mountain is high and the water is long; (Fan Zhongyan) Write the biography and lyrics and show them to Li Taibo of Nanfeng. After reading it many times, Li Taibo stood up and said: After this article is written, it will be famous all over the world, so I will change a word at will to make the lyrics more perfect; Gong Fan was glad to hold his hand for advice. (Li Taibo) said: The sentence "Yunshan River" is very meaningful and profound. It seems a bit awkward to use it to modify the word "de". I want to change the word "Germany" to "Feng". what do you think? Gong Fan sat there nodding and almost bowing!