Auditory attention training for special children

As the focus of sensory integration rehabilitation teaching, attention training is very important for mentally retarded children.

Let's look at several sets of data first:

In 20 13, the "Adolescent Attention Index" published by international investigation agencies shows that adolescents in eight Asian countries or regions have attention problems in learning, sports and other aspects of daily life. These eight regions include China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Viet Nam.

The 2006 China Adolescent Attention Survey Report released by the Career Development Center of China Care for the Next Generation Committee and China Social Psychology for the first time shows that more than half of children in China are inattentive.

A survey of special children shows that more than half of mentally retarded children have serious attention disorder.

Experts remind parents that the level of attention can be directly used as a sign to distinguish between moderate and severe mental retardation. Attention training is something that special children and parents must pay attention to and learn.

Factors affecting children's attention

First, children's interests.

Children's personal preferences, different scenes of daily activities, and whether the arrangement of each link in class and life is novel, interesting and diverse are all important factors that affect children's attention, and they are also one of the key points that we should pay attention to when training children's attention.

Second, the role of sensory integration (vision, hearing, touch, vestibular sense).

Pay attention to the vestibular sensation here. Its dysplasia will lead to poor motor control ability, hyperactivity and emotional anxiety of children, and will also directly affect the brain's information processing to the outside world.

Third, the nervous system is immature.

Excessive secretion of adrenaline and dopamine in children will increase excitement and impulsive behavior and affect attention; However, some children have immature frontal lobes and poor adjustment ability, so it is difficult to concentrate through their own will;

Fourth, the child's physical condition.

Poor physical conditions such as lack of sleep, cold, fever and trauma may be overcome for adults, but for children, especially special children, their attention will be affected to varying degrees.

So, how to train children's attention?

The first thing to understand is that attention is mainly divided into auditory attention and visual attention. Digital auditory integration training is an effective and active treatment for special children's auditory attention.

What is auditory integration?

Auditional integration training was founded by Bernard, a French scholar, and is mainly used to correct the common hearing impairment of autistic children, children with learning difficulties and children with ADHD.

By listening to a group of filtered and modulated music, we can correct the imbalance of the auditory system in sound processing and stimulate the cerebral cortex, thus achieving the purpose of improving behavioral disorders and emotional disorders.

Practice has proved that auditory integration training has its specific effect. Professor Tao Guotai, a famous child psychologist in China, spoke highly of auditory integration training.

Which children are suitable for the hearing system?

Children over 2 years old can receive auditory integration treatment, but they need to rule out ear diseases and bad physical conditions.

Specific objectives:

Generalized developmental disorders: including autism and Asperger's syndrome;

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder;

Speech and language development disorders;

Emotional disorder and emotional disorder;

Learning disabilities.

Effect of auditory integration training

The curative effect can appear at any time within half a year after treatment, and some even appear before the end of treatment.

Symptoms that may be improved after treatment are as follows:

Xiyuan Special Children's Rehabilitation Center adopts a new generation of digital auditory comprehensive training instrument newly developed, and strives to provide quality services for children in need.

With the deepening of the concept of combining medicine with education, music therapy is increasingly applied in the field of special education and has become an important form and means of rehabilitation for autistic children.

The Mechanism of Music on Autism

1?Autistic children have good musical response ability.

Music can stimulate many senses.

Music can promote interpersonal communication.

Music therapy for autistic children

1?Music rhythm

It is very difficult for preschool children to simply listen, learn to sing or learn to play. Mobilize children's body and mind to move with the rhythm of music, so as to stimulate and awaken children's potential ability and promote the relationship between children and music and music therapists.

2. Orff Music Therapy

This is a music therapy method based on the early German music education method. This method advocates using the simplest musical skills to maximize children's all-round ability. Use special orff instruments (simple musical instruments and various percussion instruments) to achieve the purpose of behavior correction in the game.

3. Creative music therapy

This is a method created by new york University "Nordoff-Robbins Children's Music Therapy Center". This method belongs to music improvisation therapy, that is, creating a very relaxed and safe environment for children to act at will, while music therapists carefully observe children's performance, sing with improvisational music in coordination with children's emotions and behaviors, and let children establish relationships with music first, and then with music therapists.

The form of music therapy for autistic children

1 ~ individual music therapy

A child was trained by two music therapists. One is mainly playing the piano, and the other is guiding children's behavior.

2. Group music therapy

2 ~ 3 music therapists will do group music therapy training for 4 ~ 6 children (mainly individual music therapy at first).

Influence of Music Therapy on Autistic Children

Because autistic children generally have a good sense of music, music therapy for autistic children has been widely carried out around the world and achieved certain results. New york University's "Nordoff-Robbins Children's Music Therapy Center" has done many successful cases of music therapy for autistic children in the past 50 years.

Of course, the treatment of autistic children is a long process. The research shows that there are three basic stages in the development of children's music, and each stage is about 1 year.

In the first stage, music can temporarily cross the cognitive process and touch emotional and personality barriers; In the second stage, children's perception of people and music is getting stronger and stronger, which increases the experience of communication; The third stage shows a clear direction and moves towards a specific field, from which children can find satisfactory and successful ways of self-expression.

Experts also designed some small games for parents to help children improve their auditory attention and get better growth and recovery.

Game design 1: I shoot, you listen.

Level 1 difficulty:

Let the child sit on the stool, and the parents clap their hands next to the child (regardless of direction) to see if the child responds.

If the child does not respond, parents can make adjustments according to the situation, such as increasing the sound or number of clapping, or giving some guidance. Of course, they can also play an animated soundtrack that children are more interested in.

Level 2 difficulty:

Let the child sit on the stool, and the parents clap their hands around the child (mainly in the four directions of front, back, left and right, and parents can change their positions at will) to let the child tell the position.

Here, "let the child say the direction" depends on the child's situation. If the child's intelligence development is better and he has a certain sense of direction, he can distinguish the direction of the sound source; If the child is slow to develop and can't express his exact position in words, he can use his actions to point out which direction the sound he hears comes from.

During the game, parents can use language to guide their children, such as asking "Baby, where is the sound you hear?" Point it out to mom. "

Level 3 difficulty:

Let the child sit on the stool, and the parents clap their hands around the child (mainly in the four directions of front, back, left and right, and parents can change their positions at will), so that the child can say the number of times first. According to the child's situation, increase the number of clapping in turn.

Game Design 2: Pointing at the nose

Parents and children sit face to face on the stool, and the child's index finger is on his nose. Parents can ask their children: "Where are the baby's eyes?"

After hearing the parents' questions, the child needs to respond, point out the position of the eyes and answer "the baby's eyes are here."

Note: Parents can randomly choose different body parts, such as letting children point to relatively clear and easy-to-refer parts such as ears, mouth and eyebrows. Parents can adjust the speed of asking questions at any time according to their children's reaction, so as to improve their hearing attention and reaction ability.