Introduction and detailed information of Shen Guo

Descendants of Shu, a vassal state in the middle reaches of the Yellow River in the Western Zhou Dynasty, later crossed the river and moved to Taiguo and Fufeng, Shaanxi Province, where they lived in groups. When Zhou Muwang Ji Man (ruling period: BC 1022 ~ 975 BC) went to the Western Seas, the descendants of Shu and Han made great contributions and were made marquis by Zhou Muwang. Because they are called Shen Hou, as they have been called in history.

In the 11th year of Jigong in Zhou Youwang at the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty (77 1 year BC), when Prince Ji Yijiu was abandoned with the help of his grandfather Shen Hou and fled to the west with his mother, Shen Hou joined forces with Guo and Quan Rong to attack the royal family of the Western Zhou Dynasty and killed Zhou Youwang, thus destroying the Western Zhou Dynasty.

The territory of the post-Western Shen Kingdom is in Pingyang (now Meixian County, Baoji, Shaanxi Province), and the southern Shen Kingdom is south of Chen (now Huaiyang, Henan Province) and Zheng (now Xinzheng, Henan Province). According to the Records of Hanshu Geography, the capital of Shen is in Wanxian (now Nanyang City, Henan Province), north of Mingyueguan (now the junction of Guangshui City, Hubei Province and Xinyang City, Henan Province) and south of Huaishui (Huaihe River).

According to the chronicles of bamboo books, the royal family of the Western Zhou Dynasty married into the Western Shen State. Due to the political foundation of long-term management of the Western Sui Dynasty and the political status of marriage with the Zhou royal family, the Western Shenhou has strong economic and military strength. This Shen Hou is actually the king of Western Shen State, not Shen Bo who is far away in Nanyang.

"Zuo Zhuan Yin Gongyuan" says: "Zheng Wugong married Shen Yu and was named Wu Qiang." "Mandarin Zhou Yuzhong": "Qi, Xu, Shen and Lu have great influence." Zhao Wei: "The four countries are all surnamed Jiang." Ren Shen was born in Jiangrong and lived in Mizhi County and northern Shaanxi in his early years. He is Xirong, and Xirong merged with China earlier. Before the week, people surnamed Zhou married, and they were all called "too generals", such as the princess of King Tai of Zhou, the princess of Ji Wang and her grandmother. In the late Western Zhou Dynasty, Shen Guo continued to intermarry with the royal family, and held important positions in the royal family of Zhou Dynasty, such as his ministers, Zhou Liwang and DuDu married the goddess.

At the beginning of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the sixteenth year of King Jilin of Zhou Dynasty (the twelfth year of Qin Xiangong, 704 BC) was destroyed by the State of Qin. Qin Xiangong (Duke Ning of Qin) occupied Pingyang as the capital of the State of Qin, and the western Shenguo was annexed by the State of Qin, and the citizens scattered. Some descendants of the royal family and China people also take the old country as their surname and call it Shen Shi.

In order to strengthen the control of the situation in the south, Zhou Xuanwang of South Shen State appointed Shen Bo in the upper reaches of Huaihe River when he enfeoffed his wife and uncle Zhou Xuanwang. The fief of South Shen State was the gateway town for the Zhou Dynasty to control the south. King Xuan also sent Bohu to manage the capital city of Xieyi (now Wancheng, Nanyang City, Henan Province) for Shenbo, and took part of the village community land as public land. He also sent Fu Yu, a close minister, to move Shen Bo's private affairs (the original ownership of Shen Bo) in order to quickly establish a dominant position.

Shen Boshen was a courtier in the Western Zhou Dynasty. He is both civil and military, and has made great contributions to Zhou Xuanwang's "Zhongxing". Therefore, Zhou Xuanwang added Shen Bo. At that time, Zhou Xuanwang "sent Shen Bo back to the south to defend Yi Chu and South China". At that time, the sage clock of the Western Zhou Dynasty praised Shen Bo and said, "It is magnificent to reach high. Only when Yue came into the world as a god can life be just and profound.

This country of application is called "South Application", and the country of application in the west can be called "West Application". After Zhou Pingwang moved eastward, Shen Nan was the southern gate of the Eastern Zhou royal family. In order to guard against the invasion of Jingchu, Zhou stationed troops here. Shen also strengthened ties with the governors of the Central Plains, and once married Shen Nv to Zheng Wugong. In the early Spring and Autumn Period, Chu went north, and Shen Guo at the crossroads became one of the goals.

Archaeological Discovery 198 1 Bronzes from Shen Nan were unearthed in the nearby tomb of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

1975 A tomb in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period was cleared, and bronzes from Shen County of Chu State were unearthed. After Chu destroyed Shen, some nobles and civilians in Shen moved eastward to Xinyang and became vassals of Chu. This is the origin of Xinyang's application for World Heritage in the Spring and Autumn Period. The application of Xinyang is called Shen Dong. "Thirteen Years of Zuo Gong" contains: "Chu destroyed Cai Yong, and the spiritual king moved Xu, Hu, Shen, Tao, Fang and Shen to be Jingyan". Shen Dong moved to Chu, and Shen Shi of King Chu Ping was restored in Xinyang.

"Zuo Zhuan cited AD" records that Mrs. Zheng Wugong married herself and served the country, calling her a "military commander".

At the beginning of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Zhouzhuang in Ji Wang was destroyed by Chu in the ninth year of the Spring and Autumn Period (688 BC). At the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Chu began to expand, and the King of Chu marched eastward to apply for the country. There is Deng Guo (now Xiangfan City, Hubei Province) between Chu and Shen, so Chu's application for cutting Shen Guo had to be false. However, Deng and Chu were in-laws, that is, Deng was the uncle of King Wen of Chu.

According to Zuo Zhuan, Deng Qihou said "King Chu Wen is my nephew" during his crusade, so he stopped in Deng State and gave a banquet. My nephew, my nephew and my nephew asked Deng Qihou to kill the king of Chu, but Deng Qihou refused and said, "This man must have killed Deng Guo. When he destroys Shen Guo, then Deng Guo, just like biting your navel, there is no time to find a way to deal with it. This is the only time to kill him. " Deng Qihou didn't listen, and finally Deng Guo, Ba Guo and Nan Shen Guo mutually assured destruction.

In the spring of 687, Chu Shi came to steal Deng Guo on his way back to Chu.

After the adherents of Shen Nan were wiped out by the army of King Wen of Chu, it became a big county in Chuwan (now Nanyang City, Henan Province). Some nobles in Shen Nan moved to Dongbaling Village in Zezhou, Jincheng. This is an ancient village, with flat houses and accessible homes. It has national defense characteristics and a perfect drainage system. Included in the list of the first batch of 646 traditional villages in China.

The Seventeen Years of Mourning for the Duke, written by Zuo Zhuan, a vassal state of the Eastern Chu State in Xinyang, dates back to the achievement of King Wen of Chu's "applying for interest with a real county". The rest of the country perished in 680 BC at the latest. After Shen Guo was incorporated into Chu State, it became an important county in northern Chu State. In the battle of Chengpu, Yin, the commander-in-chief of Chu, did not command all the main forces of Chu, but mainly relied on the troops of the county. So when Yu Zi was defeated, King Chu said, "If you go back to China, what will happen to the Presbyterian church in the two counties?"

In 594 BC, it was agreed to use part of Shen and Lu's land as a reward. At that time, Chen Wujin, the chief official of Shenxian County, Chu, remonstrated that it was an important military location and birthplace in the northern territory of Chu. If Lu Shen is regarded as a field-enjoying place instead of directly under the jurisdiction of the King of Chu, the military functions of these two places will be lost, and the State of Jin and the State of Zheng will inevitably break through the border and attack the Hanjiang River Basin in the hinterland of Chu.

In 585 BC (the sixth year of Lv Chenggong), the State of Jin crusaded against Cai, and the State of Chu saved Cai. The generals of the state of Jin thought that the victory of this campaign only defeated two counties of Chu, and the failure was even more shameful, so they took the initiative to retreat. Gu Jiegang pointed out that the strength of the county is enough to deal with the army of the hegemonic country Jin, which shows the wealth of the county.

In 529 BC, King Chu Ling died and King Chu Ping was founded. When King Chu Ling destroyed Cai, King Ling moved Xu, Hu, Shen, Dao, Fang and Shen to the territory of Chu. After King Chu Ping ascended the throne, Cai was restored as a country, and so were these small countries. Shen Guo is in the process of reviving the country.

After King Wen of Chu destroyed the Southern God, he forcibly moved some nobles and civilians from the Southern God Kingdom to Xinyang in the east, becoming a vassal of the powerful Chu State and the front line of Chu State's defense against Pakistan at that time. The Spring and Autumn Period was called "the application of Xinyang" or "the application of the East".

Ai Tinghe, an expert in the study of the Great Wall of Chu, believes that the construction of the Great Wall of Chu mainly depends on the army, which is the famous "teacher who applied for the World Heritage" in the Spring and Autumn Period. After the destruction of Shen, King Wen of Chu adopted the policy of wooing Shen's nobles, and appointed Peng Zhongshuang (now a native of Nanyang), a famous aristocratic representative captured by Shen, as Lingyin to help manage Shen's territory, and set up a powerful elite force "Shen Zhi's" in Shen, led directly by himself, to help Chu attack the city and pull out the village.

Sun Shuai, who was praised by Sima Qian as "the most upright official in the world", was the prime minister of Chu. In the seventeenth year (597 BC), he led the "teacher who applied for interests" to defeat the nomads in Iraq (now northeast of Xingyang, Henan), which had a great influence on the world and helped dominate the Central Plains.

The Zuozhuan of the Spring and Autumn Annals, the governor of Sakima, records that in the spring of four years, Hou Jiang was like Wu, and the doctor was afraid of his move and inherited it. Sun shot him one by one and died in his home. Take two arrows to the door. Dare not enter Wen Zhikai later arrived and said, "If you enter the wall, you will kill two people." Hold the bow first, shoot lightly and hit the elbow. Then kill it. Therefore, he went after Gong, but killed Gong and Gong. In summer, the Chu people not only conquered the tigers, but also sought the north. Saji Maheng, Shen Gongshou Yu and Ye Gongshu, while writing a letter, wrote a letter to the outside of Fangcheng, saying, "Wu will throw himself into the river and run for his life." In the past, it attacked Liang and Huo. Single floating around men, men's collapse. Man Zi walked quickly to the golden seal. Sima Qifeng, an emperor, faced pheasants. Zuo Shi and the right division are both here, so the doctor, known as the life of the underworld, said, "Jin and Chu are allied, and they like and hate each other. If it will not be abolished, it will be my wish. Otherwise, you will learn less and obey orders. " Please invite Zhao Meng. Zhao Meng said: "If there is no peace in Jin, peace may be evil, so we must hurry it." Shimi is the army of Kyushu. Will split the field with Man Zi and the city, will be divined. Man Zi listened to divination, so he followed it, and with his five doctors, he studied from three families. Sima Zhiyi, Li Zongyan, seduced his followers and tried his best to repay them.

Archaeological Excavation of Saji Ma Heng's Tomb1In the spring of 957, the Henan Provincial Cultural Relics Team excavated a tomb of the Warring States that shocked China and foreign countries on the hillside in Yili, southwest of Xinyang City. More than 250 pieces of painted wood lacquerware unearthed in the tomb reflect the superb skills of folk painters in the Warring States period. They use stone yellow, ochre red, crimson and silver ash to form various magnificent patterns. Mountain deer, black dragon, hound, rhinoceros, frog and reptile are more realistic than the animal patterns in Dunhuang murals. The main crown of the wizard is like the costume of the ancient Greeks in Europe. Realistic genre painting vividly reproduces the historical picture of hunting, feasting, singing and dancing and fighting of the king of Chu.

The brush found in the tomb overthrew the saying that Meng Tian made pens in Qin Dynasty. The two wooden figurines buried in the tomb did not fall down, which proves that there has been no earthquake of magnitude 5 or above in Xinyang area for more than two thousand years. The unearthed chime recorded the music "Dongfanghong". As China's first artificial earth satellite was invited to travel in space, China's ancient civilization and modern civilization merged into one, which was even more celebrated by the world.

The owner of this tomb is Saji Maheng (now Xinyang) of Chu recorded in Zuo Zhuan. He became Sajima of Chu because of his meritorious service as a teacher of Shen and Zhi. In the tenth year of King Zhao of Chu (506 BC), there was a great war in which the State of Chu annihilated Rong. Sajima has made great contributions to the military, which is recorded in the newly cast chime unearthed from Sajima's tomb in the Chu King City of Xinyang. He commanded hundreds of thousands of "teachers of Shen and Zhi". His base camp was in Xinyang Chucheng, and he was buried near Chucheng after his death.

Later generations Tu Jiangyou: servant of King Jing, the founding king of China.

Jiang Ji: A wife has a husband.

Jiang: Ji's wife and family.

Song Jiang: Wife Shi Wen

Jiang: Wife Gu Shi

Jiang Cheng: Wife Ma Shi

Jiang Hu: Wife Shi Wen

Jiang Xian: My wife You Shishi

Jiang Ning: Wife Gu.

Gann: Wife Meng Shi

Jiang Cheng (Shen Bo Gong Zi Cheng, word Hongdao), his wife Wang, Gao and Zhang, assisted Zhongxing. In 82 1 BC, he was named Xie Yi, the founding monarch of Nanshen Kingdom, and later generations thought it was his surname, so he was the ancestor of Xie's surname.

Hong Xie

Xie guang

Xie lie

Xie zhi

Xie Yu: His wife, Chang's family, died in 688 BC, when Chu became the king of Chu.