The concept of pure slab and slab-tower combination in construction is?

Customary straight to the under construction, not yet completed construction, can not be delivered to the use of the house is called a period house. The full completion of the house includes: the end of the construction works, equipment installation works and internal and external decoration works, through the completion of acceptance; to achieve the "seven through a flat", that is, the water through, the water through, the sewage through, the power distribution through, the gas through (gas, natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas), the telephone through, the road through, the site is leveled. Real estate management department will not obtain the certificate of property ownership of the house is collectively referred to as period house, that is to say, even through the completion of acceptance, to achieve the "seven a flat", and even obtained the new residential delivery and use permits, as long as the initial registration of real estate has not yet been handled, did not obtain the certificate of property ownership of the house, is a period house. Developers selling period houses called pre-sale, home buyers to buy a house with the developer to sign a pre-sale contract.

2. What is the current house

The current house refers to the completion of the acceptance, can be delivered for use, and obtain the certificate of ownership of the house. Developers to complete all construction projects, supporting projects, so that the house has normal use of function, through the quality of construction acceptance, planning acceptance, sanitation and environmental acceptance, fire acceptance, access to new residential delivery of the use of permits to the real estate management department for property rights registration, to obtain the certificate of ownership of the house. Purchase of existing houses signed a contract for the sale of housing, the buyer can immediately go through the property rights registration procedures to obtain the certificate of ownership of housing.

3. What is the quasi-present house and tail house

The quasi-present house refers to the main body of the house has been basically roofed over, the general outline of the buildings and facilities in the district has been initially apparent, the project is in the internal and external walls of the renovation and ancillary construction of the housing phase. However, the nature of this property still belongs to the period house, the government in accordance with the management of the period house, must apply for a commercial property sales license to sell.

Tail house is the real estate industry into the retail era of retail products, is a kind of vacant house, when the sales of commercial residential units reached 80%, generally enter the real estate project liquidation sales stage, the property sold at this time, generally known as the tail house.

4, how to distinguish between slabs and towers

You can distinguish between towers and slabs from the floor plan of the building. Tower floor plan is characterized by a number of households, generally more than four or five households *** with around or around a group of public *** vertical traffic channel formed by the floor plan, the length and width of the plane is roughly the same. The height of such buildings generally ranges from 12 to 35 stories. Towers are generally from 4 to 12 units per staircase. The floor plan of a slab building has a length that is significantly greater than the width. There are two types of slab buildings, one is the long corridor type, each household is connected together by a long corridor; the second is the unit type splicing, a number of units are connected together to form a slab building. In fact, when we buy a house, it is easy to distinguish between tower and slab, simply put, the tower is higher, more square; slab is shorter, more long.

5, high-quality slabs

High-quality slabs of the human part of the slab structure, so that the elevator and the hallway is located in the rear elevation, the sunrise surface is located in the living room. Typical is a ladder two-family design, north-south orientation, is located in front of the living room, master bedroom, etc. have sufficient sunrise surface; east-west orientation, the front and rear of the living room have half a day of sunrise surface. In the organization of the room, try to facilitate the flow of wind in a straight line, always keep the air fresh. It also emphasizes the independence of households, avoiding mutual visibility due to too many alcoves and too close windows between households, and well ensuring privacy. Specific quality is also reflected in:

(1) control the ratio of width and depth.

The development of the slab building in the eighties after the long slab building, in recent years, gradually transitioned to a higher degree of comfort pure slab building. The former because of the elevator less and every few floors to set up a long channel has obvious disadvantages, the latter is a staircase with two households, and to ensure that a certain width, so that the sunshine is full, at the same time will be a variety of functional areas configured to be more complete. With the development of housing, a only two or three doorways of the short plank floor also began to appear, it not only maintains the advantages of pure plank floor, but also overcome the monotonous garden planning, the layout of the barracks arrangement and other drawbacks, and increased in the body of the building slots, the formation of the bright bathroom, bright dining room, and effectively improve the degree of comfort.

Therefore, as far as possible, to choose a short depth, face width of the house type. Generally speaking, the depth of the number of low-level slabs is controlled within 14 meters, and the depth of high-level slabs is within 18 meters, with some house types exceeding 20 meters. If not by the board floor on both sides in the face of the light, try to choose carefully, because too large depth will make the household gray space increased, affecting the comfort of living. Face width is based on the size of the house type, usually slab type more than two bedrooms, two bedroom face width of 6 meters to 8 meters, three bedroom face width of 10 meters to 13 meters, four bedroom face width of 12 meters to 15 meters.

(2) Pay attention to the sunlight of the bedroom and living room.

The design should focus on the placement of the room and auxiliary rooms to consider the strict distinction between the location, not wrongly divided face, to separate the static and dynamic, which is the advantage of the slab. In the house type spacing, open the door is the hall or entrance, dining room and kitchen adjacent and placed on the back of the sunny side. The living room and master bedroom are on the sunny side. At the end of the corridor is the master bedroom.

In terms of orientation, the layout of a south-north house is generally "two-bedroom, master bedroom and living room facing south, or two bedrooms facing south, living room facing north; three-bedroom, master bedroom, a second bedroom or study and living room facing south, or the master bedroom and living room facing south, the other two bedrooms facing north, or three bedrooms facing south, living room facing north; four-bedroom, three bedrooms facing south, and living room facing north; four-bedroom, three bedrooms and living room facing south, or three bedrooms facing south, living room facing north. and living room facing south, or two bedrooms and living room facing south, or three bedrooms facing south and living room facing north. As an east-west oriented slab, the east side is the main orientation, while the rest of the law is the same as the north-south orientation.

The biggest advantage of the slab is that the house type is regular, small mutual vision, ventilation, good sunshine, so try to choose straight slabs, U-shaped and Z-shaped slabs should be carefully considered according to the sunshine and mutual vision. However, the lesser variety of house types is also a disadvantage of the slab building.

6. High-quality towers

Towers, which are named according to their architectural form, have a very big feature in themselves: long, thin, elegant and upright. In fact, well-designed towers are often a sight to behold in cities. Most of the high-rise buildings in the city are in the form of towers.

Because it is long and thin, there is little shading of the sun's rays, and the footprint required by the tower and the shading of the green space is small. It is a long, thin line rather than a flat expanse, and from this perspective, the tower actually minimizes the impact on the wider environment while accommodating the same number of occupants. For individuals, the tower itself is actually good for health. Because it is characterized by many facades, high ceilings, and large facades, there are more opportunities for people to come into contact with sunlight and nature.

From an architectural point of view, a building with many facades is more active and more functional. In contrast, a slab floor is wide and the whole building is long, which shades it from the light and therefore occupies more space. From an economic point of view the tower has a high economy, high volumetric variability, which is incomparable to the slab. The tower itself can be made into a butterfly, divided into several forks, itself using the elevator as a transportation unit, can serve many households, and the cost, area and other economic issues are saved. At the same time the building itself is divided into many forks, the orientation is very good, some tower tower. Existing towers of this form have actually been built quite a lot. In future, the number of households should be brought down and made into four households per staircase or even less. Some towers are one-staircase two-family, which is actually a reduced version of the slab, called "short board", this "short board" should be said to be the best quality. It is a slab but at the same time has the characteristics of the tower, can be developed to the upper floors.

"There is a tower in the plate, and there is a plate in the tower", this is a very good development trend now.

Of course, the spacing between the towers is also very important, some places provide for the width ratio between the buildings is 1:1, to do 30 meters of the building, there must be 30 meters of airspace, which is good for ventilation, sunshine, and good for the cityscape.

6, residential openings

In residential design, the width of the home is the actual distance between one side of a house to the other side of the wall skin. Because it is on the width of the natural room, it is called open room. According to the relevant provisions of the brick structure of residential buildings often use the following parameters: 2.1 meters, 2.4 meters, 3.0 meters, 3.3 meters, 3.6 meters, 3.9 meters, 4.2 meters. However, in terms of the large number of brick dwellings currently being built in China, residential openings generally do not exceed 3.3 meters. Provide for smaller openings scale, can effectively shorten the floor space span, enhance the residential structure integrity, stability and seismicity.

7. Residential depth

Residential length and depth, in architecture, refers to an independent house or a residential building from the front of a wall skin to the actual length of the wall skin. According to the relevant regulations, the following parameters are often used for the depth of a dwelling: 3.0 meters, 3.3 meters, 3.6 meters, 3.9 meters, 4.2 meters, 4.5 meters, 4.8 meters, 5.1 meters, 5.4 meters, 5.7 meters, 6.0 meters. In order to ensure that the residence has good natural lighting and ventilation conditions, theoretically speaking, the depth of the residence should not be too large. In the residential height (floor height) and width (openings) to determine the premise, the design of the residential depth is too large, so that the housing into a long and narrow, far from the windows and doors of the indoor space of the natural light is insufficient; if artificially long and narrow space separation, the separation of part of the room will become a black room with no natural light. Of course, the black room is not suitable for people to live, one of the remedial measures is to use the black room for secondary living areas, such as storage rooms, walkways, etc., with artificial lighting to make up for the lack of natural light; another measure is to build an inner patio inside the house, the room with insufficient light will be arranged in the inner patio around the patio, through the patio to solve the problem of insufficient lighting and ventilation. However, the inner patio residence also exists in the kitchen crosstalk, sound transmission, interference, the problem of insufficient lighting on the lower floors.

8 residential floor height

Floor height is the distance between the lower floor surface or floor surface to the upper floor surface. Residential Building Modulus Coordination Standard" stipulates that the following parameters are used for the storey height of brick-concrete residential buildings: 2.6 meters, 2.7 meters, 2.8 meters . The floor heights of residential buildings vary in different periods, countries or regions of the same country, and under different historical and cultural backgrounds. For example, the traditional residential houses in China are built taller and taller, and the official residences of ancient generals and ministers or the imperial palaces are built with different heights to differentiate the level of hierarchy. And some countries or regions with frequent earthquakes and many volcanoes tend to have lower floor heights in order to withstand disasters. China out of the cost reduction, saving building materials, saving land and other economic indicators, emphasizing the residential height control in 2.8 meters. It is measured that every 0.1 meter reduction in storey height reduces the construction cost by about 1%. Generally speaking, the layer height design law is the fewer the number of layers, the layer height can be increased accordingly; the more the number of layers, the layer height can be compressed accordingly.

9 residential net height

Net height refers to the lower floor surface or the upper surface of the floor to the upper floor of the distance between the lower surface. The relationship between floor height and clear height can be expressed by the formula "clear height = floor height - floor thickness", that is, the difference between the floor height and floor thickness is called the clear height.

10. District planning and construction land area and building area

District planning and construction land area refers to the land area within the planning red line of the project site, generally including the construction area of the road area, green area, the area occupied by the buildings, sports venues and so on. The building area of the district is the sum of the horizontal area of each floor measured by the peripheral line of the outer wall of the residential building. It is an important economic indicator used to reflect the scale of construction of the district, the calculation should be based on the building plan, according to the current unified national regulations.

11. Building volume ratio and building coverage (building density)

Building volume ratio refers to the ratio of all the building area within the scope of the project's planning and construction land to the planning and construction land, and the ancillary buildings are also included in the calculations, except for the ancillary buildings which are stated to be excluded from the calculation of the area.

Building coverage, also known as building density, refers to the ratio of the footprint of the building base to the total area of the building, unless otherwise specified, the calculation generally includes accessory constructions