France, Canada, the United States, Russia and Australia are the most important energy sources.

France's biggest feature in energy is nuclear power. More than 40% of primary energy is nuclear energy, and electricity is exported to many countries. On the other hand, France is poor in domestic resources, and most of its oil, natural gas and coal are imported.

The basic principles of its energy policy are energy self-sufficiency, achieving competitive energy prices, reducing greenhouse gases and providing energy to all citizens. The core measure is to promote nuclear energy.

France is also promoting the adoption of renewable energy.

The survey results of European Wind Energy Association show that in 20 10, France adopted wind power generation equipment10.86 million kilowatts, and by the end of 20 10, the power generation scale reached 5.66 million kilowatts. In 2009, the installed capacity in Europe was second only to Spain and Germany, and the cumulative scale also ranked fourth.

The French government has been considering the potential capacity, power supply capacity and landscape to designate areas where wind power facilities can be built. Regionally, wind power generation is developing rapidly in Piccadilly and Lorraine in the north, and Brittany in the middle and northwest of China. In the future plan, there are many scheduled construction projects in these areas and Champagne-Ardennes.

France will continue to expand the use of renewable energy in the future. The French government has drawn a blueprint to expand the scale of wind power generation to 25 million kilowatts by 2020 and cultivate it into a power resource comparable to hydropower generation.

Canada

Canada has many rivers and lakes, and is the second largest hydropower country in the world. 60% of the country's energy comes from water? Power generation. However, there is still great potential for hydropower generation in Canada. According to a report of Canada in February this year, the country will invest 347.5 billion Canadian dollars in new power facilities between 201kloc-0/and 2030. According to past experience, a large part of the investment will be used to build hydropower stations.

Canada is also the sixth largest country in the world that uses wind energy to generate electricity. In the past two years, wind power generation in Canada has made great progress. By February 20 1 165438, wind power generation in Canada will reach about 5 177 MW, accounting for about 2% of Canada's electricity demand. The Canadian Wind Energy Association predicts that in 15 years, the country's wind power generation capacity will increase by 10 times, accounting for 20% of the electricity demand. By 2050, the wind energy industry is expected to create 52,000 new jobs in Canada.

United States of America

The proportion of renewable energy power generation in new capacity in the United States is increasing. According to the data of "Energy Structure Update" recently released by the Energy Planning Office of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), in June of 20 13, the new power generation of solar energy, biomass energy and wind power was 694 MW, accounting for 99.3% of all the new power generation.

Among the newly-increased power generation capacity in June 5,438+10, 12 newly-increased solar power plants with a capacity of * * 504 MW led by 72. 1%, followed by 4 biomass power plants (124 MW, accounting for 17.7%).

Renewable energy (biomass energy, geothermal energy, solar energy, hydropower, wind power) * * in the 65,438+03 months before 2065,438+03, accounting for 32.8% of the newly-increased power generation, higher than coal-fired power generation (65,438+543 MW, 65,438+02.5).

From June 20 13 to June 20 10, solar power generation accounted for 20.5% (2,528 MW) of the newly-increased power generation, which was more than twice that of the same period last year (1257 MW). However, natural gas accounts for 53.7% of the new generation capacity of 6625 MW.

In the first 65,438+00 months of 2065,438+03, the total energy generated 65,438+07,008 MW, which was 27.5% lower than that of 65,438+02,327 MW in the same period last year.

Up to now, renewable energy accounts for about 16% of the operating power generation capacity in the United States, including hydropower 8.3%, wind energy 5.2 1%, biomass energy 1.32%, solar energy 0.59%, geothermal energy 0.33%, which is greater than nuclear energy (9.22%) and fuel oil.

In addition, the latest issue of "Power Monthly Report" issued by us energy information administration, the US Department of Energy, pointed out that in the first three quarters of 20 13 years, the renewable energy generation accounted for 12.95% of the net power generation (hydropower -6.90%, wind -4.03%, biomass-1.44). Geothermal energy -0.4 1%, solar energy -0.2 1%).

Russia

In addition to nuclear power, other non-fossil energy modes in Russia are also in the ascendant. "Russia has huge renewable energy potential."

Russia produces 654.38 billion tons of biological waste every year for power generation. At present, these biomass energy can generate 300 million megawatt hours of electricity. In addition, although Russia is not the country with the richest solar energy in the world, small solar generators are very popular. They install solar devices in their homes or villas.

Hydropower plays an important role in Russian power structure and is regarded as a key factor to ensure the reliability of the national unified power system. The installed hydropower capacity in Russia is 49.7 GW, of which 85 hydropower stations have installed capacity greater than 10 MW. In order to achieve the national power strategic goal of installing 60 GW of hydropower in 2020, Russian state-owned hydropower companies are stepping up hydropower development.

Although Russia has huge non-fossil energy potential, there are only a handful of projects in operation or to be built. There are many factors that hinder the development of non-fossil energy in Russia. First of all, influenced by abundant traditional energy sources such as oil and natural gas, it is difficult for the Russian government to change the original energy structure, and the non-fossil energy field lacks advanced technology and professionals. Secondly, in terms of policy, there is a lack of corresponding fiscal mechanism and preferential tax policies. Moreover, renewable energy also has its own shortcomings, such as photovoltaic power generation is greatly affected by day and night and seasonal changes; Biomass power generation occupies a large area and has low efficiency. In addition, the construction cost of non-fossil energy power plants is higher than that of conventional thermal power plants, and the investment return period is longer.

In recent years, renewable energy technology has developed vigorously around the world, and many countries have entered their own non-fossil energy era. Seeing that countries are scrambling to develop non-fossil energy, Russia is not willing to lag behind. In order to achieve the predetermined goal of the non-fossil energy strategy, the Russian government plans to allocate 3 trillion rubles for the development of renewable energy power generation by 2020. Among them, 500 billion rubles are state budget funds, 2.5 trillion rubles are private investors' funds, and the installed capacity will reach 20 billion watts in the future. Among them, the installed capacity of 8 billion watts is mainly biomass power generation; 7 billion watts for wind power generation; 4 billion watts for small hydropower generation; 65.438+0 billion watts are small modular power generation, geothermal power generation, tidal power generation, solar power generation, etc. The Russian Ministry of Energy also said that a series of relevant laws and regulations such as renewable energy are being formulated to support solar energy, wind energy and biomass energy.

Australia

Australia's unique natural resources have laid a solid material foundation for its development of clean energy. There are more than 100 hydropower stations in Australia; There are 6 wind farms1and 353 wind turbines1,with a total installed capacity of about 2500 MW. As a country with the richest light resources in the world (more than 90% of the ground light intensity exceeds 1950 kWh/m2), its solar power generation, especially photovoltaic industry, has great development potential. 20 1 1 year photovoltaic power generation reaches 1.4 GW, of which 837 MW is one of the top ten markets with the largest photovoltaic increment in the world. Australia is rich in biomass, wave energy and geothermal resources. ?

Australia is the first country to put forward the "renewable energy target". By 2020, the proportion of renewable energy in the total power generation will increase from the current 8% to 20%, which will reach 45,000 GWh. On this basis, authoritative organizations predict that in the next 10 year, the scale of renewable energy power generation in Australia should reach at least 20 GW (of which the installed photovoltaic capacity will reach 5 GW), which is five times the existing scale and will create 36 billion Australian dollars of investment opportunities. ?

At the same time, it is also one of the most widely used and advanced countries in the world. Solar energy technology is widely used in industry, agriculture, civil facilities and other fields. Since 1990, a large number of solar power plants have been built in Australia to replace the role of nuclear power plants, and solar and wind power generation have been vigorously promoted throughout the country. In addition, Melbourne is also the first city in the world to use solar energy to power urban traffic lights and store solar energy to power street lamps.