How to appreciate dance?

Dance is one of the eight major arts, is in the three-dimensional space in the body as the language of "mental communication" phenomenon of the human body's movement expression of art, generally accompanied by music, rhythmic movement as the main means of expression of the art form. It is usually performed with the help of music and other props. Dance itself has multiple social meanings and roles, including sports, socialization/courting, rituals, and ceremonies.

I. Basic Interpretation

Dance wǔ dǎo 1. An art form in which rhythmic movement is the main means of expression, accompanied by music. Also refers to performance dance.　2. dance, street dance 3. a specific dance posture made by ancient courtiers when they made a pilgrimage to the emperor, a kind of etiquette.

2. Origins

1. Classical accounts 1. To express joy or praise. Han Jiao Gan, "Yi Lin - Litigation in the middle of the Fu": "Thank you for your kindness and worship, dance and leap with joy, and be blessed with joy." Tang Liu Zongyuan ( 柳宗元), "Cursing the Corpse Insects" (骂尸虫文)："The lower people dance to honor the emperor's strength." Song Wang Yucheng's "Sacred Dao Stele Pre-written by Kang Gong, Former Assassin of Puzhou": "When Gong arrived, he defended himself with twenty horses and went to see the Shu lord, telling him about the misfortunes and blessings, and showing him the grace and trust. Shu's officials and ministers danced with joy." 2.　2. The courtesy of the courtiers when they meet the king. Tang Liu Su "new language of the Great Tang - flattering sycophants": "At the beginning, Emperor Yang's was also killed, Sui officials congratulated 化及, good heart alone does not come, 化及 to its people look and release. The good heart and do not dance, by which see harm." The New History of the Five Dynasties - Tang Ministers' Biographies - An Chongzhi (安重诲): "When Mai returned, he slandered Chongzhi and said, 'Zhaoyu met 鏐, danced as a minister, and told 鏐 privately about the affairs of the imperial court.'" The Seventh Episode of The Fate of Regeneration: "All the officials danced towards the end of the court, and bowed down to the person who was in the highest position of authority."　2. Origin and Evidence According to art historians, the earliest art produced by human beings was dance. In the ancient times before the human race has not yet produced language, people use movement, gesture expression to convey a variety of information and emotion, thought exchange. Later, after the development of various sounds into language and tones, poetry and music were produced one after another. In labor, due to the manufacture of tools, the human hand gradually became dexterous and clamped, and the birth of painting and sculpture. With the evolution of mankind, the ability to think and the level of knowledge of things improved, music, novels, drama and other arts have been created one after another. So, dance as one of the oldest arts, its source from where?　According to the myths and legends of ancient China and ancient Greece, human beings learned dance from the emperor of heaven, or they were inspired by the goddess in charge of dance to create dance. We know that the ancient ancestors did not understand the concepts of God and man as clearly as modern people do. At that time, people often regarded people with extraordinary talents, people with wisdom and strength beyond the average, or people who made great contributions to mankind as the incarnation of gods or people who could communicate with the gods. Now, we know that all kinds of gods are created by human beings through imagination based on their own images. It is God who creates dance, and in the final analysis, it is we, the human beings, who create dance. So, how did people create dance? Zhongyi Qingmei students

Some scholars believe that people have the instinct of imitation, and dance is the imitation of various beasts' movements and habits with rhythmic movements. Some dances are also imitations of the dynamic images of some natural scenes, such as the swaying of willow branches, the rolling of the waves, and the fluttering and rotating of the wind, etc., which can be imitated by people.　Some scholars believe that in the origin of art, imitation, though important, is not the real cause, but the cause of art is the "impulse to play", and play is the manifestation of confessed human nature. Play is the expression of a confessed humanity. It is also the sign of man's final departure from the animal kingdom. The playfulness here refers to man's aesthetic needs, that is, to take pleasure in illusion. For example, man imitates the dance of animals, it is through this game of illusion to get pleasure and vent their emotions.　There are also scholars believe that, due to the thinking of primitive people can not distinguish between subjective and objective boundaries, that all natural objects are the same as their own is a soul, thus giving rise to totem worship, primitive religions, witchcraft rituals, and so on, and these activities can not be separated from the dance, and even the dance is the main content of the witchcraft activities and the most important means of expression. Therefore, some people assert that "all dancing is originally religious".　Many scholars from the primitive people in order to survive the need to reproduce the next generation as a very important thing, and dance is the main way to choose a spouse, courtship and love training and means, and therefore think that the dance originated in the sexual activities. Some scholars, however, believe that dance not only expresses human love, but also all kinds of emotions and activities of great significance in people's lives, all of which are viewed through dance. There is no other art behavior, can be like the dance of the transfer and excitement of all human beings, China's ancient music and dance theory: "clear move in the line in the words, the words are not enough so contempt; contempt of the lack of so singing; singing of the lack of, do not know that the hands of the dance of the feet of the dance of the also." This also vividly illustrates the dance is the product of people's most exciting emotions.　There are many scholars in China who advocate the theory that dance originated from labor, because labor is the first need for human survival and development, and it is also labor that created man himself, it is labor that made man break away from the animal world, and it is labor that created human society. Among the dances of primitive people, those that express hunting and planting and various kinds of labor life occupy the largest proportion.　We believe that the above theories of the origin of the dance, have certain reasons, but are not very complete and comprehensive, because the dance activity is a social phenomenon in human life, its origin and the composition of all things in the world are not a single, but with a variety of factors, so people advocate a "comprehensive theory of labor", that is, the origin of the dance in the human race to seek survival and development in the labor practices and other A variety of life practice needs, if a little more detailed, the dance originated in ancient mankind in the survival and development of labor production (hunting, farming), sex, fitness and combat drills and other activities such as simulation reproduction, as well as totem worship, sorcery, religious rituals and performance of their own emotional thinking of the inner impulses of the need. It is one of the earliest art forms in human history, combined with poetry and music.

Third, the characteristics

1. The characteristics of art Art is a large family of human aesthetic activities, its members are literature, art, music, dance, theater, film, opera, acrobatics and so on. Each category of art is to reflect the social life and expression of people's thoughts and feelings, but the reflection and expression of art, not the general concept of abstract reflection and expression, but individual concrete image and aesthetic reflection and expression. The so-called aesthetic reflection and expression is that the artist, according to his own aesthetic interest, aesthetic ideal, the social life to select, generalize, processing, and according to the characteristics and laws of art to be creative reflection and expression.　In the historical development of society, people have created various forms of art, the main difference between these forms of art is that each has its own material carrier and different means of artistic expression. The material carrier of literature is language and words; the material carrier of art is paper, canvas, paint and oil, and its main means of expression are color, line, composition and modeling; the material carrier of music is sound; the material carrier of drama is people's actions on stage (performance activities), except for dance drama, which is mainly based on language, singing and action as the main means of expression. The material carrier of the movie is people's performances through scientific and technological methods on film, with electric light on the screen; the material carrier of the opera is one to two, three people on the stage performance, the main means of expression is to say and sing. Acrobatics and dance have **** the same material carrier - the human body is the main tool of artistic expression, most acrobatic varieties and dance, as the same as the human body movements, posture modeling and composition changes as the main means of expression. Acrobatics is also a kind of performing art, and the actors also shape certain roles, but it is not like the dance that focuses on the development process of the character's emotion, generally does not have a plot event, but through the performance of difficult skills, showing a generalized bravery, perseverance, wisdom and strength of character. Therefore, acrobatics has more ornamental and entertaining.　2. Characteristics of dance The dance movement in the dance works should also have a certain degree of skill, and the dancers should have the ability to jump, rotate, tumble, soft, control and other difficult skills, but the performance of difficult skills in the dance works is not an end in itself, but a means to express the character's thoughts and feelings, and to shape the character's personality and mental outlook.

If the dance works are performed with means, the dancers should be able to show the characters' thoughts and feelings, and the dancers should be able to show the dancers their skills. If, in a dance work, the means as the end, the actor's skill is not to reflect life, the expression of the character's thoughts and feelings as the prerequisite for its existence, or not to the dance content to select the appropriate dance movement skills, but to show the actor's mastery of the dance skills to start, then the dance work due to the content and form of the disjointed, or the lack of artistic integrity, and into the failure. The dancer's skill itself is reduced to acrobatic skill performance, and lost the basic character of dance art.

Four, art appreciation

Dance appreciation, people watching dance performances produced by a spiritual activity, is the whole process of feeling, experience and understanding of dance works. Therefore, it is essentially a cognitive activity. But it is different from the general cognitive activity, but a special cognitive activity of the dance works. Dance appreciation, that is, the audience through the dance works portrayed in the dance image, specific awareness of its reflection of social life, the thoughts and feelings of the characters, as well as the dance author of the aesthetic evaluation of this phenomenon of life. Audience in the process of appreciating the dance works will often be linked to their own life experience, cause emotional ****ming, stimulate the memory of the relevant impression, experience. As well as a series of imagination, association and other image thinking activities to enrich and supplement the dance image in the dance works, making it more complete, vivid and distinct. Thus, in the process of watching dance works, we can experience a broader life content and profound ideological meaning.　People dance appreciation of this dance aesthetic activities, first of all, must have certain subjective conditions, that is to say, to have a certain dance knowledge, dance appreciation level and cognitive ability, dance appreciation activities can be normal and smooth. This is as Marx said, "If you want to get the enjoyment of art, you yourself must be a person with artistic cultivation."" Only music can stimulate a person's sense of music; the most beautiful music is meaningless to an ear that does not recognize meter, music is not an object to it,......," so it is very necessary for us to understand the characteristics of the art of dance, the relationship between dance and other arts, the various factors that make up the image of the dance, and the process of its production, and so on. In the previous we have talked about, dance is after refining, organizing, beautifying the human body movement as the main means of expression, expression of people's feelings and thoughts, reflecting the social life of a kind of art. From the dance works resort to the appreciation of the sensory characteristics, it is a synthesis of auditory (temporal) and visual (spatial) performing arts.

Art, is composed of different varieties of art. Dance, as one of the arts, is also a very wide world, and it is also composed of different kinds, styles and styles of dance. According to the role and purpose of dance, dance can be divided into two categories: life dance and art dance.

I. Life Dance

Life dance is a dance activity that people do for their own life needs.　Life dance includes: customary dance, religious ritual dance, social dance, self-entertainment dance, sports dance, educational dance.　1. Customary dance: it can also be called festival and ritual dance, which is a variety of mass dance activities held by many nationalities in our country in marriage, funeral, planting, harvesting and some other festivals. In these dances, the customs and habits of each ethnic group, social customs, cultural traditions and national character traits are observed.　2. Religious and sacrificial dance: It is a form of dance for religious and sacrificial activities. Mainly used to pray for the blessing of the gods, remove disasters and diseases, turn misfortune into good fortune, animal prosperity, a good harvest, or to thank the gods for their gifts; ritual dance, is a ritual form of dance to the ancestors. In the past, people used to express their nostalgia for their ancestors or hoped that their ancestors and the gods and Buddha's blessings and blessings on themselves.　3. Social Dance: It is a dance activity for people to have social communication, promote friendship and contact feelings. Generally refers to a variety of social dance in the ball. In addition, many of China's ethnic minorities in a variety of festivals carried out by the mass of the dance activities, mostly young men and women for social interaction, free choice of spouse social activities, therefore, can also be said to be the social dance of the various ethnic groups.　4. Self-indulgent dance: it is a dance activity in which people entertain themselves for the sole purpose of self-indulgence. Dance to express and vent their inner emotional impulses, so as to obtain the full satisfaction of aesthetic pleasure.　5. Sports Dance: is a combination of dance and sports, artistic and aesthetic way to exercise the body, so that the physical and mental health development of the new varieties of dance. Such as a variety of fitness dance, rhythmic gymnastics, middle-aged and elderly disco, ice dance, water dance, street dance HI-HOP, as well as China's traditional martial arts in the sword dance, sword dance and symbolic simulation of a variety of animals, a specific image of the Elephantine Boxing, Five Birds and so on are.　6. Educational dance: refers to schools, kindergartens and other aesthetic education dance activities, as well as the opening of the dance course, used to cultivate and beautify people's thoughts and feelings, moral character, cultivate people's unity and friendship, strengthen the etiquette, as well as to promote physical and mental health, can play a subtle role.

Second, artistic dance

refers to the professional or amateur dancers, through the observation of social life, experience, analysis, concentration, generalization and imagination, artistic creation, so as to create a distinctive thematic ideas, emotionally rich, complete form, with a typical artistic image, by a few people on the stage or the square performances for the masses to enjoy the dance works. Because of the many varieties of artistic dance, according to the different artistic characteristics, can be roughly divided into two categories.　The first category according to the different styles of dance features to distinguish, there are: classical dance, folk dance, modern dance, contemporary dance and ballet.　1. Classical dance: on the basis of national folk dance, through successive generations of professional workers to refine, organize, process and create, and after a long period of artistic practice, the test, passed down, is considered to have a certain exemplary significance and classical style characteristics of the dance. Many countries and nationalities in the world have their own unique style of classical dance. Classical dance in Europe, generally refers to ballet.　2. Folk Dance: It is a form of dance created collectively by the masses of the people in the course of long-term history, accumulated and developed, and widely circulated among the masses. It directly reflects the thoughts and feelings, ideals and aspirations of the people. Due to the differences in the way of life and labor, historical and cultural mentality, customs and habits of the people of various countries, nationalities and regions, as well as the natural environment, different national styles and local characteristics have been formed.　3. Modern Dance: It is a dance genre that emerged in Europe and America at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Its main aesthetic point of view is to oppose the classical ballet's tendency to stick to the old ways, detach from real life and purely pursue the formalist tendency of skills; advocate getting rid of the classical ballet's overly rigid action program, and freely express people's true feelings with the dance movements that conform to the laws of natural movement, emphasizing that the art of dance should reflect the life of modern society.　4. Contemporary dance (new creation dance): that is, different from the above three styles of new styles of dance, it is often based on the performance of the content and the need to shape the characters, unconventional, drawing on and absorbing the various styles of various dance schools, various means of dance expression and performance methods, eclectic for my use, so as to create a different from the various styles of dance has been formed with a unique new style of dance.　5. Ballet: is a professional dancers through the court to refine the processing, highly programmed theater dance." Ballet" this word is the French "ballet" phonetic translation, meaning "jump", or "dance", its original meaning is only to legs, feet for the movement parts of the action in general. French court dance masters in order to rebuild the ancient Hitchcock integration of poetry, music and dance in one of the theater ideal, created a "ballet" such a blend of dance movements, mime gestures, facial expressions, theatrical costumes, musical accompaniment, literary tableau, stage lighting and scenery and other ingredients in one of the comprehensive form of dance theater, in the Western theater dance art dominant position for more than 300 years, has been four centuries. It has been more than four centuries since the introduction of Russian ballet to the Beijing Dance School in 1958.　The second category is distinguished according to the characteristics of the dance expression: solo dance, duo dance, trio dance, group dance, group dance, song and dance, song and dance drama, dance drama and so on.　1. Solo dance, performed by a person to complete a theme of the dance, mostly used to directly express the thoughts and feelings of the characters and reveal the inner world of the characters.　2. Duo dance, performed by two people *** with the completion of a theme of the dance. Mostly used to directly express the thoughts and feelings of the characters and show the relationship between the characters.　3. Trio dance, performed by three people to complete a theme of the dance. According to its content, it can be divided into three different categories, such as expressing a single emotion and a certain plot, as well as showing the dramatic conflicts between characters.　4. Group dance, where more than four people dance can be called group dance. Generally for the performance of a generalized complex or to shape the image of the group. Through the dance formation, the picture of the change, change and different speed, different strength, different amplitude of the dance movement, posture, modeling development, can create a deep poetry of the mood, has a strong artistic infectious force.　5. Group dance, a relatively large-scale dance work composed of a number of dances. Each of these dances has a relative independence, but they are unified in the **** the same theme and a complete artistic conception.　6. Song and dance, is a combination of singing and dancing forms of artistic performance. Characterized by song and dance is both long in lyricism, but also good at narrative, can watch the characters complex, delicate thoughts and feelings and a wide range of life content.　7. Song and dance drama is a kind of singing and dance as the main means of artistic expression to display the dramatic content of a comprehensive form of performance.　8. Dance drama, dance as the main means of artistic expression, and a combination of music, stage art (costumes, sets, lighting, props), etc., to show a certain dramatic content of the dance works.

Three, other classifications

Differentiated by age level, there are young children's dance, children's dance, teenage dance, adult dance, middle-aged and old-aged dance and so on.

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A fashionable dance

1. Aerobic dance Aerobic dance (aerobicdance) is a rhythmic dance with music aerobic exercise, aerobic dance on the one hand can consume more calories, on the one hand, can be many of the dance movements aerobics, through aerobic aerobics exercise form, repeated or combination exercises . Aerobic dance movements are not like aerobics movements more manipulation, aerobic dance has many styles, its music and dance combination is close, exercise can achieve physical and mental pleasure, at the same time, people's creativity, imagination, performance and artistic cultivation and other comprehensive ability can be achieved to improve.　Aerobic dance types Aerobic dance according to the action, music of different characteristics: aerobicdance, hip-hop, funk, salsa and many other styles of aerobic dance. And aerobic dance in China has appeared fan dance and many other styles. Aerobic dance does not necessarily have to go to the dance studio, you can also dance at home, with the age of the choreography, there is a greater degree of freedom.　2. Latin style The earliest aerobic dance with Latin dance style aerobic dance, such as jazz style aerobic dance jazzaerobics; later appeared salsa aerobics salsaaerobics, which is also a relatively fast Latin dance style aerobic dance, absorbing many such as mambo, cha-cha-cha, tango, samba dance style. These aerobic dances are characterized by many hip movements and beautiful movements.　3. Modern style Modern dance is a sports dance competition in a group of projects, athletes participating in the competition men to wear tuxedo modern dance suit, bow tie, women to wear a long dress, combing banquet formal hairstyle. This program group *** including waltz, Vienna waltz, tango, foxtrot and quickstep five. The judges do not score the pairs of athletes competing in the competition, but only determine the order of merit, and ultimately the top three winners based on the overall ranking. In the category of Modern Dance, there are five types of dances: Waltz, Tango, Foxtrot, Quickstep and Viennese Waltz.　4. Funk, street dance style Funk (funk), street dance (hiphop) aerobic dance and funk, hiphop music has a lot to do with the music, these music are more cheerful, so that people have a kind of jumping feeling. funk, hiphop is with the freedom of dance and black dance style of aerobic dance. The movements are relaxed and free, which can improve the coordination of the exerciser and achieve the purpose of fitness. After jumping funk, hiphop makes people's spirit very happy. So this kind of aerobic dance is very popular among young people.

The curriculum

(1) Warm-up stretching exercise (05-10 minutes) (2) Aerobic dance content (20-40 minutes): jazz, salsa, funk, hiphop content.　(3) Specialized dance exercises (05-10 minutes): abdominal, hip, arm, waist, hip, leg strength or others .　(4) relaxation and stretching exercises (5-10 minutes) The course can be based on the student's situation can be opened to learn the course, create a course, performance courses, etc.

Three, prevention of injuries

According to the investigation of the aerobic dance is most likely to be injured in the parts of the shin, foot, back, knees, ankles, the main reasons for aerobic dance injuries are over-exercise, foot sprains. Ligament strains and so on.　Internal and external causes of aerobic dance injuries: 1. External causes, clothing and shoes, preparation activities, relaxation, stretching is not enough, movement problems, bad coaching method, etc. 2. Internal causes, their own dance technique is not enough to master, not enough to adjust the legs are too tight, the hips do not have the power to hurry.　The main ways to prevent aerobic dance injuries: 1. For external causes can be, wear suitable sports clothing and shoes, preparatory activities, relaxation, stretching to be sufficient, with a good coach.　2. For internal causes can be, choose their own suitable courses, do not rush, at the same time to pay attention to the improvement of their basic physical quality.

Four, the benefits of dance

Dance can make the body curve become more beautiful, thigh muscles and arm muscles are more firm. It is a good way to relieve emotions. Dance is a good physical and mental health activities, enhance physical fitness, personality becomes cheerful, the body becomes soft, the overall stimulation of muscles. The stimulation of muscles by dance is comprehensive and integrated, and its movements take into account the head, neck, chest, legs, hips and other parts of the body. For example, jazz dance has more movement on small joints and muscles, which are places that are not easy to move to during weekday fitness. In addition, the dance also has the effect of aerobic exercise, so that the practitioner in improving the main lung function at the same time, to achieve the purpose of weight loss.　In dance, the rhythm of continuous movement is very fast, a whole set of movements are coherent and smooth, neat and rhythmic, which is very helpful for the exercise of musicality and dexterity. And its fun nature is easy to make people concentrate and focus, ignore the exercise fatigue.　Dance's fitness movements are explosive and highly exploitative of the body's physical potential. Because dance is mostly based on movements around small joints, it can better improve the practitioner's coordination. Dance is a very expressive movement, and through dance classes, practitioners develop self-confidence and temperament while expressing themselves.　Coaches call fitness dance "the program that trains with a smile", and in dance classes, they are more concerned about whether everyone is happy and having fun, and whether the movements are unrestrained and elegant, so in terms of psychological relaxation, dance has a very big role.　Therefore, it is recommended that you only need to dance for 30 minutes a day or dance time (each time not less than 10 minutes)*** have half an hour, that will bring great benefits to the body, including: 1. Stronger bones, reducing the chances of suffering from osteoporosis.　2. Enhance cardiopulmonary function and blood circulation.　3. Reduce the chance of coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and colon cancer.　4. Increase flexibility and suppleness of joints and reduce the chance of injury.　5. Consume calories and maintain proper weight.　6. Dancing to the sound of music helps to eliminate stress and promote physical and mental health.　7. Participate with your family to enhance your relationship.　8. Dance with friends*** to help broaden the circle of life.

Fifth, dance choreography

Now the choreography department of the main employment industry is the dance art troupe, television, folk art troupe, square dance, entertainment venues, such as the performance market, the current demand is very large. In the present society of high cultural development, the government attaches great importance to the construction of spiritual civilization, cultural and artistic performances and artistic design has made great development, which requires a large number of choreographers to complete these jobs. Secondly, the downturn in the domestic cultural market also requires good choreographers to input fresh blood, which requires us as a choreographer must bring our own strengths into play, the choreographer needed by the dance troupe must have innovative thinking and be able to create works to attract the audience, while the TV station needs both choreographers and directors, but also to understand the talents of television, which requires us to learn the professional knowledge of the specialty at the same time, and strive to learn other skills that are related to the work, which require us to study the professional knowledge. This requires that we must study this specialized knowledge well, and at the same time, strive to learn other knowledge related to it. The competition in the future is fierce, and the requirements of career development make us realize that our own quality should be continuously improved so that we can become an "all-rounder". Choreographer's world is rich and fresh, we need to develop, the future with the vigorous development of the performance business, China's art market choreography professional practitioners will have a greater demand for the promotion of the whole dance choreography employment to a better direction.

Sixth, the dance school

A class of professional dance colleges and universities: Beijing Dance Academy, the People's Liberation Army Academy of Art, the Central University for Nationalities, Shanghai Dance School, Guangdong Dance School, Shenyang Conservatory of Music and so on.　Second, three professional dance colleges and universities: Capital Normal University, Capital Normal University Kode College, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin Institute of Physical Education, Tianjin Conservatory of Music, Northwest University for Nationalities School of Dance, Hebei Institute of Physical Education, Hebei Institute of Media Studies, Taiyuan Normal College, Inner Mongolia Institute of Fine Arts, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Jilin College of the Arts, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangxi Normal University, Shandong Normal University, Henan Normal University, Xinyang Normal College, Nanyang Normal College, Luoyang Normal College, Hubei Normal College, Hubei Institute of Nationalities, Yulin Normal College, Guangxi Institute of Arts, Sichuan Normal University, Xihua Normal University, Guizhou Institute of Finance and Economics, Guizhou Institute of Nationalities and so on.