What are the classifications of the roles in Beijing Opera?

According to the age, identity, personality and performance characteristics of the characters, they can be roughly divided into seven types: Zheng Dan, Hua Dan, Tiedan, Guimendan, Udan, Lao Dan and Cai Dan.

Chinese New Year

Originally the name of northern zaju, it generally refers to the middle corner of Dan, and does not show certain personality characteristics. Zheng Dan in modern drama is not the original intention of the zaju Zheng Dan, but an independent cause that summarizes some personality types. It mainly plays middle-aged or young women with strong personality and dignified manners, mostly drama or tragic figures, so xiang opera is commonly known as Xie Liedan. Zheng Dan's modeling tone requires demure and solemnity, multi-purpose rhyme, repetition of singing, reading and doing, and repetition of singing skills. Singing skills are not fancy, but winning with simplicity and sincerity. Often dressed as Zhao Wuniang and other characters in Pipa Story,

Tsing Yi (Zheng Dan)

Qin Xianglian in Qin Xianglian and Zhao Yanrong in Cosmic Front. Because they often wear green pleats, they are also called tsing yi or blue. At the beginning of the rise of the flower department in Qing Dynasty, a complete commercial system had not yet been formed. Due to the limited number of actors, Zheng Dan was once used as a young general. For example, Zheng Dan played Lu Xun, the predecessor of Han Opera, and Zhou Yu, the originator of Chu Opera. When Xiao Sheng's performing arts matured, he no longer held a part-time job.

Hua dan

Contrary to Zheng Dan, Hua Dan plays a lively or provocative young and middle-aged woman, often with a comic color. Hua Dan's name appeared very early, and there is a kind of "Hua Dan Zaju" in the northern zaju. Xia Tingzhi's Collection of Brothels: "Hua Dan is a prostitute, breaking her face with ink." Zhu Quan listed Hua Dan's zaju as "fireworks and gunpowder" in Chapter 12 of Zaju, which shows that Hua Dan is a prostitute. Most of these characters are warm, cheerful, smart and witty, such as Zhao in Zhao's Romance for Saving the Country. Through the creation of artists of all ages

Yu Lian is by the cupboard.

The scope of playing characters is constantly expanding, and it has become a unique and artistic character modeling in all kinds of operas in China's modern operas. Its modeling tone requires charm, charm, liveliness, more brains, more work, more spirit, less singing, more beautiful and more dexterous singing. The characters who often dress up are Yin and Zhou in Van Gogh Palace and Shaohua Mountain. Yan Xijiao and others in "Sitting on a Building to Kill Cherish" are also workers in Hua Dan. Old Hua Dan must be trampled? , now abolished. Hua Dan and Bangzi are called Xiao Dan, which is characterized by combining delicate psychological description with exquisite artistic skills.

Iron egg

The abbreviation of postal service, sometimes abbreviated as Zhan. Both Southern Opera and Northern Zaju have this name, which is the secondary role of Dan Li, meaning that once they stick to Dan, they will not show certain personality characteristics. In the Ming Dynasty, all kinds of dramas in the Nanqu system still followed the old system. For example, in the Ming version of the Golden Seal, Dan plays Su Qin's wife Zhou, Su Qin's sister-in-law, Su Qin's aunt and mother-in-law are possessed. By the mid-Qing Dynasty, Kunshan dialect had gradually differentiated from "Danxing" and became an independent business. According to Li Dou's Yangzhou Original Boat Record, "Tiedan is called Dan, also called Dan", which is a famous ointment.

Chrysanthemum fragrance in Chou He's Qiu Shu

Dong Shouling, an actor in Dan, "works as a maid" and "shows nothing", which shows that his performance characteristics are roughly the same as those of Hua Dan, commonly known as Liu Dan. Chun Xiang in Peony Pavilion, Shen Qilv in Zhan Huakui and Zhao Cuier in Emerald Garden are all dressed up. The example of Kunshan dialect paste must be both a child and a door. The former, such as the son of Wu Yuan in "Huansha Ji Ji Zi" and Zhou Ruilong in "Looking for Relatives"; There are fifteen biographies, Happy Reunion, Bailuo Shirt and so on. Han Opera, Cantonese Opera, etc. There are stickers, which are different names of Hua Dan.

The role of unmarried girls

Play the girl. There is a drama "in my heart forever's Zaju" in the north of China, which shows the love affair of the girl in my heart forever, and the girl in the drama should be the original form of the girl. clean

Daiyu in A Dream of Red Mansions —— Wang Wenjuan

In the middle generation of Kunshan dialect, boudoir Dan was differentiated from the Dan school, which was called wudan. The roles played are Du Liniang in Peony Pavilion, Chen Miaochang in Jade Collection and Tao Fo Nv in Amber Spoon. Hu Feng of the Butterfly Cup in Bangzi Opera

Du Liniang in Peony Pavilion

Lian, Lu, Chen Xingyuan, etc. , all belong to the category of boudoir Dan, but the former belongs to Xiao Dan and the latter belongs to Tiedan, and there are generally no other branches. In the early days of Peking Opera, the Gate of Hell mainly played the role of a little jasper, such as Sun Yujiao in Picking up the Jade Bracelet and the Jade Girl in Beating Lovers. After absorbing the experience of Kunqu Opera, various types of ladies appeared, such as Cheng Xuee of Feng Haichao.

Wudan

Play the image of a woman with strong martial arts. According to the identity and technical characteristics of the characters, they can be divided into Beijing Opera Blues and Wu Dan. Beijing opera blues attaches great importance to the framework of the work, and the modeling tone requires the combination of flowing charm and rigidity, and winning with bearing expression. She often plays the role of Hu Sanniang in Hu Jiazhuang.

Jiu yi ling dong yun

Mu is in Mukezhai. Wu Dan, with his vigorous and brave skills, often plays the role of Sun Erniang in Cross Slope. Wu Dan often plays the role of a monster. Besides martial arts, he has to perform stunts, such as the jellyfish in Sizhou City and Zhang Sijie, a cash cow. Old wudan must step on it? , which is also one of the differences from Beijing opera blues, has been abolished.

Lao Dan

Play an old woman. Multi-voice parts, such as She Taijun in the Peking Opera "Men Yang Woman" and the mother-in-law in "Mother-in-law Tattoo". Chai Jingji, the king of Kunqu Opera, is also doing heavy work.

She Taijun (Lao Dan) played by Yuan Huiqin

The mother of ten friends, who comes from the Beijing opera "Qingfeng Pavilion" and so on. The latter is sometimes vilified. The operas of Han, Yue and Xiang are called "Fu" or "Podan".

A clown/comedian in traditional drama

Ugly Dan and ugly girl are also called media Dan in Qin opera. Playing the role of comedy or farce among women is really ugly, so it is often vilified. Make-up and performance techniques are extremely exaggerated, often full of colorful makeup, perverse behavior, and even more funny or immoral roles. The former is like the tea girl in Iron Bow.

Wang, in Scissorhands

The latter is like Zhu Chenhao's aunt. Sichuan Opera, known as Yao Dan, is famous for its humor and unique style. It plays the role of the owner of Yingxian Store and the mysterious wood of Yu He Bridge. And Yang played Ren Liushi in Looking at Women.