Detailed explanation of drama culture: What are the four major dramas in Anhui?

When it comes to Anhui culture, people will think of Huangshan Mountain and Jiuhua Mountain, which are known as "the first mountain in the southeast". What else is there? Of course, Huangmei Opera is one of the five major plays in China. Then, we all know that apart from Huangmei Opera in drama culture, what are the four major operas in Anhui? Come and have a look with me.

Huangmei Opera

Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei and developed in Anhui. Especially in 1950s, after the Huangmei Opera Troupe of Anhui Province adapted the traditional drama "Yong Dong whoring" into "The Fairy Couple" and put it on the screen, Huangmei Opera became one of the "five major operas" in China. 1920 "Annals of Susong County, Anhui Province" records that "the city is in the southwest, bordering Huangmei, which is good at picking tea, also known as Huangmei Opera." The entry about Huangmei Opera in China Opera Quyi Dictionary is: "Huangmei Opera, a kind of opera.

Formerly known as Huangmei Tune. Popular in Anhui and parts of Jiangxi and Hubei, it originated from the tea-picking songs of Huangmei in Hubei. 1959, the Preface to Selected Works of Anhui Opera, compiled by Anhui Provincial Cultural Bureau and published by Anhui People's Publishing House, wrote: "Huangmei Opera originated from tea-picking songs in Huangmei County, Hubei Province, and flowed into Anqing area after Daoguang Qing." Zhou, a China opera historian and theorist, also said in the Outline of the Development of China Opera History that "Huangmei Opera originated from tea-picking opera in Huangmei County, Hubei Province".

Sizhou opera

Sizhou Opera is one of the four major Han operas in Anhui Province, formerly known as Soul-pulling Opera, which is popular on both sides of Huaihe River in Anhui Province and has a history of more than 200 years. It, like Liuqin Opera in Shandong and Huaihai Opera in Jiangsu, has developed from the "soul-pulling cavity", and there is a certain blood relationship between them. Sizhou Opera is one of the four outstanding operas in Anhui alongside Huizhou Opera, Huangmei Opera and Lu Opera. It has a profound mass base and rich cultural background, and sings on both sides of the Huaihe River and all over the country with beautiful vocals and melodies.

There are different opinions about the formation of Sizhou Opera. Many people think that it originated in Haizhou, North Jiangsu. Originally, it was a little play improvised by local farmers with folk tunes such as Orion Tune and Song Taiping, and then it was introduced into Sizhou (at that time, the state ruled Sixian County and governed Sixian County, Wuhe, Mingguang, Sihong and Xuyi in Anhui Province) and absorbed local folk singing art, thus forming Anhui's "Soul-holding Tune". Around 1920, Sizhou Opera had a regular class club performance and began to enter the city.

The original name of Sizhou Opera is "Soul Holding Room", also called "Elbow Drum". Because of its beautiful and charming singing, it is called "soul-pulling cavity" Calling it "elbow drum", most people think it is named because it is accompanied by dog skin drum, but it is actually wrong. "Elbow Drum" evolved from "Zhou Guzi".

Anhui opera

Hui Opera is an important local drama of Han nationality, which is mainly popular in Shexian, yi county, Xiuning, Wuyuan, Jixi, Qimen and Anqing in ancient Huizhou. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Riffle tune was introduced into Anhui, and it was combined with local tune and folk music in Shipai, Zongyang and Tongcheng of Anqing to form a tune. During the Qianlong period, the plectrum and blowing cavity, which were born out of Siping cavity, gradually merged to form the second spring cavity. Huanger Opera and Hubei Xipi formed the Pihuang Ensemble, which laid the foundation of Huizhou Opera.

The musical vocals of Hui Opera can be divided into Hui Kun, Chuiqiang and Paizi, Huang Er, Xipi and coloratura minor. Hui Kun is mainly a martial arts drama, using suona and gongs and drums, with great momentum. Blowing cavity has both the form of Qupai and the board cavity, with flute and small suona as the main musical instruments. The plectrum is played with jujube wood, accompanied by suona, flute and emblem. Huang Er mainly plays Hu Hui musical instruments, including guide disc, original disc, dragon, running water and other discs.

Xipi has wenwu guide board, pine board, rocking board, second board and sixth board, and Hu Hui is also the main musical instrument. The coloratura tunes are mostly folk songs with rich flavor of life. The foot color business of Anhui opera includes end, life, niche, foreign, Dan, paste, clean and ugly. The performance was hot and enthusiastic, magnificent and rough. He is especially good at martial arts, such as turning tables, turning circles, jumping fire, flying forks, rolling lights and changing faces.

Luxi opera

Lu Opera is popular in Jianghuai area and Dabie Mountain area with Hefei as the center, including Lu 'an, Huainan, Chaohu, Chuzhou and Wuhu. Because its creation and performance center was in the middle of Anhui Province, it was under the jurisdiction of Luzhou in ancient times, so it was renamed as "Lu Opera" in March of 1955. Lu Opera has a history of more than 200 years, and there were professional class clubs during the years of Qing Qianlong and Jiaqing. At first, it was based on the folk songs of Dabie Mountain and the song and dance between Jianghuai. In the process of development, it has absorbed the singing and repertoires of the sunspot drama in Funan, the Duangong drama in Fengyang, Shouxian, the inaction Huizhou opera, the folk songs in Feidong and Chaohu. Some class clubs also performed with Huizhou Opera and Peking Opera respectively, and were influenced by them, and gradually developed into Lu Opera.

Due to different regions, Anhui Lu Opera has formed three schools: upper, middle and lower. On the road (west road), with Lu 'an as the center, the music is rough and high, ups and downs, with mountain characteristics. Down the road (East Road), centered on Wuhu, the music is delicate and gentle, delicate and peaceful, with the characteristics of a water town. The middle road is centered on Hefei, and the music has the characteristics of up and down. Lu Opera is one of the four major operas in Anhui, which are juxtaposed with Huizhou Opera, Huangmei Opera and Sizhou Opera.

Conclusion There is no historical data about the origin of Lu Opera. According to the legend of old artists, Li Ruyao, a blind artist who is nearly eighty years old and one of the leading figures of "West Road Lu Opera", reported in the Business Daily with the title "Blind Artists Textual Research on Lu Opera Originated from Huoshan". The county has rich artistic soil of "the source of Lu Opera" and decided to revitalize the art of Lu Opera through a series of measures to create a "hometown of Lu Opera".