16 City Rural Commercial Bank's online self-operated cash loan is in danger.

City commercial banks and rural commercial banks have successively launched self-operated cash loan products after helping loans and co-lending, and began to fully seize the consumer finance market.

"Credit granted by Ningxia Bank", "Credit granted by Tianjin Binhai Rural Commercial Bank Binyin Miaomiao" and "Credit granted immediately by Nantong Rural Commercial Bank Jinbei" ... Recently, a number of city commercial banks and rural commercial banks intensively launched self-operated cash loan products and launched the application portal on WeChat applet. Some urban and rural commercial banks also rely on loan supermarkets, such as JD. COM Hao Jie has acquired customers for self-operated cash loan products.

List of Cash Loan Products of Chengnong Commercial Bank

Customers are the foundation of banks. Judging from the current trend, when the bank's financial technology and digital technology become mature, it will become an important direction for the bank's retail transformation to save customers and develop its own cash loan business.

According to the latest data of CBRC, as of the end of February 20 18, there were 1397 rural commercial banks and 134 urban commercial banks in China.

Imagine that when more than half of 1 000 urban rural commercial banks start to develop consumer finance business, licensed consumer finance companies, the mainstream regular army that originally occupied the consumer finance market, will face a new round of stress tests.

The development road of cash loan in urban rural commercial banks

Banks first used credit cards to break through the consumer finance market. Later, after mastering big data risk control and other technologies, they also began to develop cash loan products, such as CCB's "quick loan", ICBC's "e loan", Ping An Bank's (quotation 0000 1) "new loan" and China Merchants Bank's (quotation 600036) "lightning loan".

However, most banks that provide cash loans are state-owned banks and joint-stock banks.

On the one hand, city commercial banks and rural commercial banks have obvious shortcomings in science and technology and talents, on the other hand, they are restricted by many policies of "capital going out of the province", and their layout in the field of cash loans has been slightly conservative.

Most city rural commercial banks cut into the cash loan market, mainly through cooperation with micro-loans, lending treasures, and cooperation with the head cash loan platform to help loans.

In the early lending business, banks only played the role of "investors", handed over all their risk control responsibilities to the lending platform, and even asked the lending platform to promise the bottom. Finally, the bank "earned" the fixed income of the lending platform in proportion.

In the joint loan, the bank and the joint lender contribute capital according to the agreed proportion and jointly issue internet loans to eligible borrowers. In fact, this model can also be simply regarded as a kind of loan assistance, but the difference is that the joint loan involves two licensed institutions. For example, in the joint loan business of Chengnong Commercial Bank and Microfinance, Chengnong Commercial Bank and Weizhong Bank both need to contribute capital, * * * share risks and * * * share benefits.

Undeniably, lending assistance and joint lending have promoted the retail transformation of urban rural commercial banks to a certain extent. However, due to the loan-assisting and joint-lending mode, the funds of Chengnong Commercial Bank broke through the regional operation restrictions, and the core risk control was mainly in the hands of the loan-assisting platform, which exposed the risks of banks. Since then, supervision has been going on. "Document 14 1" stipulates that when banks cooperate with third-party institutions to carry out loan business, they shall not conduct credit review and risk control.

On June 5438+ 10 this year, Zhejiang Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau issued the Letter on Strengthening Supervision Tips for Internet Loan Assistance and Joint Loan Risk Prevention and Control, which mentioned that the core risk control links of banks should not be outsourced, should not be adapted to local conditions, should not cross regions, and should not provide funds or joint loans to unlicensed institutions.

In fact, after the "Document 14 1", in 20 18, a group of mutual fund companies started the road of transformation and exported their financial technology capabilities to B-end institutions such as banks. Among them, financial technology capabilities include: helping banks acquire customers, intelligent collection, risk control audit, and risk pricing.

Jin Mu Company has set foot in different industries and people of different ages, and even arranged staging business in different scenes. After a certain credit cycle, it fully understands the personalized credit needs of various users and the risks involved.

During this period, banks have gradually opened up and started to combine with financial technology companies in areas that they are not good at, such as introducing third-party risk control big data cooperation for sinking users.

As a result, the cooperation mode between urban rural commercial banks and mutual funds enterprises has entered a new stage, and many urban rural commercial banks have also found their own development path in self-operated cash loans.

For example, in bank of tianjin, at the end of 20 18, the balance of personal consumption loans was 77.896 billion yuan, up 785.9% year-on-year, and the new balance at the end of 20 18 was 69130,000 yuan.

Bank of tianjin not only cooperated with Lending Bao, Micro-loan and Baidu Qianhua in joint loan business, but also developed its own cash loan product "Daily Loan". From the head office to the branches, and then to the personal channels of the branch account managers, each layer undertakes the requirements of obtaining customers.

With this sample of cash loan banks, in 20 19, more urban rural commercial banks began to intensively lay out their own cash loan products, such as the above-mentioned "Golden Cup Instant Loan" of Nantong Rural Commercial Bank and the "Immediate Loan" of Yangquan Commercial Bank.

Worry about self-operated cash loans of urban rural commercial banks

It is the progress of city commercial banks to take back customers, take the "service right" into their own hands and take the initiative to transform into retail, but the hidden worries behind it can not be ignored.

Some bankers are concerned that the bank cash loan products intensively launched on the WeChat applet recently come from a financial technology company.

In short, when a financial technology company exports the same type of products to a number of banks, the underlying big data risk control model is very likely to "collapse". "At most, it is the difference between users and cows, or the credit information has been checked several times." According to the analysis of the above-mentioned bank practitioners, it is self-evident that banks export homogenized products to a number of banks without a complete economic cycle test.

However, at present, the biggest concern of city commercial banks and rural commercial banks lies in the regulatory restrictions that "loans cannot leave the county and funds cannot leave the province".

On June 5438+ 10 this year, the CBRC issued the Opinions on Promoting Rural Commercial Banks to Stick to Positioning, Strengthen Governance and Enhance their Financial Service Capability (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions), pointing out that rural commercial banks should strictly and prudently carry out comprehensive and cross-regional operations, and institutions should not leave counties (districts) in principle, and their business should not cross counties (districts). We should focus on serving the local area, and sink the service center. The newly added loanable funds should be mainly used for the local area.

Regarding the above opinions, some bankers said that users will upload their ID cards when applying for loans. At present, the online banking system can accurately identify the position of the applicant's identity through the first six digits of his ID card, and then judge whether to grant credit to the applicant.

However, Liu Xin Finance experienced the product issuance of a rural commercial bank in Tianjin. Although the ID card is located in Chengdu, it successfully applied for its online credit products and obtained a credit line of more than 1.5 million.

An employee of the Eastern Rural Commercial Bank said frankly that the view that "funds can't go out of the province" has always existed, but the supervision has not been strictly investigated. Before the formal action of the regulatory authorities, the Internet cash loan business of Chengnong Commercial Bank may be able to fly for some time.

Licensed consumer finance companies are in danger.

It is true that the self-operated cash loans of city commercial banks are rising, and the situation faced by licensed consumer finance companies is getting more and more tense and the sense of crisis is constantly invading.

Compared with consumer finance companies, the biggest advantage of banks is that they can absorb public deposits as a source of funds for their own lending.

There are three main sources of bank lending funds: first, time deposits of enterprises and institutions and urban and rural residents; Second, its own funds; The third way is to borrow the deposit reserve from the central bank, which is the most important way.

At present, although consumer finance companies have five financing channels: absorbing shareholder deposits and shareholder deposits of domestic companies, issuing financial bonds, inter-bank lending, inter-bank credit granting and securitization of credit assets, each of them has relevant policy restrictions and needs to pay corresponding capital costs.

For example, if a licensed consumer finance company wants to issue ABS, it needs to comply with the Measures for the Administration of Financial Bond Issuance in the National Inter-bank Bond Market, and the issuer of financial bonds must meet the mandatory requirements of operating for at least three years.

In addition, urban rural commercial banks often have a certain number of offline outlets and account managers. With the blessing of digital technology, each outlet and account manager can actually act as a channel and scene.

In the customer acquisition stage, banks have more offline customer acquisition possibilities than licensed consumer finance companies.

At present, licensed consumer finance companies are bound to open direct outlets offline, and it is extremely difficult to transform them with the help of the outlet exhibition industry of shareholder banks. Some licensed consumer finance companies rely on channel agents to obtain customers, and the fraud risk of channel agents has become an insurmountable problem in the industry.

In terms of online customer acquisition, licensed consumer finance companies are facing a comprehensive hunt by mutual fund institutions. For example, in the first quarter of this year, the marketing expenses of Lexin and Paipai Loan reached 654.38+0.95 billion and 654.38+0.44 billion respectively, while the marketing expenses of 360 Finance in the first quarter reached 690 million yuan.

A staff member of a licensed consumer finance company told Liu Xin Finance and Economics, "Licensed consumer finance companies pursue stability, must see the results, and will not easily try uncertain ways to acquire customers." The licensed staff member admitted that the marketing level may be less than one tenth of the budget of Jin Mu Platform.

A number of traffic practitioners revealed that cooperation with licensed consumer finance companies is usually settled according to CPS, and licensed consumer finance companies do not accept prepaid mode, so the profit margin of the traffic platform is extremely narrow. "If it is not for compliance, we are not willing to dock licensed goods."

Under the double attack of city commercial banks and mutual gold platforms, licensed consumer finance companies are welcoming a new round of stress tests.