Is there any information of the article to appreciate the landscape design of Suzhou Museum?

Integration of regional characteristics of landscape design--Suzhou Museum as an example

2013-04-12 Author: Zheng Lina Source: Nanjing Forestry University Browse: 831 Share

Abstract: With the progress of society, the development of the times. The phenomenon of increasing convergence in the field of culture, regional characteristics of culture becomes less and less obvious. In the field of landscape design, it is manifested in the planning and design of various places in the combination of Chinese and Western, ancient and modern mixing and matching wind is obvious, which results in the urban landscape, architectural design of the same, the regional characteristics of the passing, the decline of urban culture, the city's historical veins broken. This paper takes Suzhou Museum as an example to discuss the landscape planning and design of integrating regional characteristics, hoping to provide theoretical reference for future landscape planning and design.

Keywords: regional characteristics, regional culture, landscape architecture, landscape environment

In the landscape planning and design of the established background, natural, cultural and aesthetic elements have a specific historical environment, the designer must fully understand them, and then can be based on this design. A real work with cultural characteristics and vitality, in addition to functional and reasonable, should fully reflect the characteristics of the region's territory, culture and era. Only landscape planning and design with cultural and regional characteristics is a "living" design.

This paper takes Suzhou Museum as an example, from the architecture, landscape and other aspects of the integration of regional cultural characteristics of landscape planning and design, Suzhou Museum was completed in October 2006, the new museum, the designer for the famous architectural design master Bei Luming. With an area of more than 8000 square meters, it is divided into east, west and middle 3 ways.

1.Related Basic Concepts

1.1 Regional Characteristics

The so-called regional characteristics refers to the characteristics of this area that distinguish it from other areas, and it is a specific regional culture produced in a specific natural environment.

The integration of regional characteristics of landscape design refers to the design process into the original characteristics of the region's natural environment, characteristics of the culture of the design elements, so that the design results can reflect the region's specific, unique natural environment and regional culture, so that the design results are different from other regions, reflecting the characteristics of the region.

2. Design conception

2.1 Extraction of regional culture

Regional culture: refers to the culture in a certain regional environment and the integration of the environment, so as to hit the regional mark of a unique culture, with uniqueness. The formation of regional culture is a long-term process, he is constantly developing and changing, but a certain stage and has stability. To be embodied in these aspects:

--mainly reflected in the long urban pattern;

--the rich natural and historical cultural heritage;

--the brilliant achievements of literature and art. -A brilliantly accomplished literary and artistic collection.

Taking Suzhou Museum as an example, Suzhou is rich in Wu culture. Landscape organization to achieve the best landscape effect with the minimum amount of work is bound to be cultural elements as an eternal theme, its intention, layout, vignettes, topography, plants, water system, as well as the functional layout of each building, nowhere does not contain the information of culture.

Figure 1 Wu style building Figure 2 Wu culture pagoda

2.2 Embodiment of the spirit of place

In Norbert Schulze's "The Spirit of Place", the spirit of place is a symbol of the spirit of place. Schulze's book "The Spirit of Place - Toward an Architectural Phenomenology", the essence of whether a design or a building is meaningful, i.e., whether it has a place or not, lies in whether it manifests the spirit of place. Through the identification and orientation of the place, people can better understand the meaning of the environment and perceive the spirit of the place, which is also one of the ways to realize the humanization of the place.

For example, the traditional Chinese landscape garden attaches great importance to the spirit of place in landscape design. The spirit of place is embodied in the urban landscape design, should pay attention to the people of space, place of the inner feelings, emphasize the enhancement of the environment of identity and recognizability, so that people have a strong sense of belonging. This corresponds to the fact that landscape design should reflect the satisfaction of people's needs for interaction and belonging, respect and self-realization. Therefore, to create a humanized urban landscape should focus on the creation of urban landscape place spirit.

Suzhou Museum focuses on the spatial feeling of visitors. I.M. Pei designed a main courtyard and a number of small inner courtyards with exquisite layout. Among them, the most unique is the northern courtyard on the central axis, which not only allows visitors to see the characteristics of Jiangnan water features through the lobby glass, but also connects the courtyard directly to the Humble Administrator's Garden through the north wall, integrating the old and new gardens into one.

Figure 3 Layout of Courtyard Place Figure 4 Courtyard Space

3. Landscape Architecture Construction

Ancient Chinese architecture, as a kind of carrier of Chinese traditional culture, mainly demonstrates the rich and profound regional culture through the architectural layout, architectural materials, architectural construction, and architectural art decorations, etc.

Suzhou, as one of the most famous cities in China, has been the most famous city in the world for its architecture.

Suzhou Museum building layout, the main building he strictly controlled within 6 meters, Beilu pursuit to maintain the Chinese tradition is really courtyard and courtyard. Material, the new museum courtyard design using new materials, new technology to write imitation of traditional Suzhou garden mood. Bellarmine wanted to combine modernity with tradition. The octagonal tea pavilion in the water courtyard uses a steel structure to replace the traditional wooden structure. The glass roof replaces the traditional small green tile roof, giving the image of crystal clarity and lightness. The pavilion in the traditional garden gives an image of lightness through the warping of the roof. As the main building adopts a steel structure system, the roof of the new pavilion can be freely combined.

The appearance of the building, through the organization of geometric shapes and the four slopes of the roof heights, forms a rich roof image, which is a new interpretation of the effect of staggered roofs of traditional garden buildings. The color of the building follows the traditional building color of Suzhou. The roof is made of "Chinese black" diamond-shaped stone dry-hanging on top of the sloping roof, and the walls are decorated with cement mortar and granite, forming a landscape image of whitewashed walls and tiled roofs.

Architectural art decoration, the courtyard pavement also uses granite. The use of modern technology to imitate traditional craftsmanship. Lamps and other sketches simple shape, light color, and the whole courtyard atmosphere. The design of the courtyard of the new museum has a modern atmosphere, without losing the traditional Suzhou Garden gray, light, elegant mood.

Figure 5: Outline of the building with pink walls and tiles Figure 6: Modern building materials

4. Landscape environment design

4.1 Overall layout

Overall layout: in the case of full analysis of the current situation of the site, combined with the characteristics of the regional culture and the place and the particularity of the forum, emphasizing the building as the axis, the periphery of the two landscapes, respectively, as the core, scattered with multiple landscape nodes. As the core, scattered multiple landscape nodes, the whole plot of land is linked into an organic whole.

Suzhou Museum Axis--The total building area of the new museum: 15,391m2, divided into the first floor, the second floor, and the first floor. The new museum complex is divided into three main blocks; the central part is the entrance, the lobby and the main courtyard; the western part is the museum exhibition hall; the eastern part is the administrative office, the educational area and the hotel. This three-axis-like layout is in perfect harmony with the layout of the Chungwang Mansion to the east;

The courtyard layout is based on the combination of traditional planning ideas and the combination of architectural monoliths and a strong ethical and moral tradition, and the courtyard culture, which is uniquely Chinese, was born. Throughout the design of the new museum in the east and west side of the courtyard type combination and the surrounding traditional courtyard type residence echo each other, harmonization and unity. The most unique is the central axis of the northern courtyard, not only so that visitors through the lobby glass can see the characteristics of the Jiangnan water features, and the courtyard across the north wall directly connected to the Humble Administrator's Garden of the complementary garden, the old and new gardens into one. This traditional courtyard combination design not only meets the requirements of modern architecture for function and landscape, but also gives the modern architecture traditional cultural connotations.

Figure 7 Layout plan of the museum Figure 8 Aerial view of the museum

4.2 Detailed carving

"Traditional symbols, modern spirit" distills the various characteristic components, shapes, colors, etc. of the traditional gardens, architecture and art, and then inserts them into the modern design as a kind of symbol after simplifying or abstracting them. into modern design, making it a characteristic decoration. Let people feel the "traces" of history.

Taking the main courtyard as an example, the main courtyard is surrounded by the new building on the east, south and west, and adjacent to the Humble Administrator's Garden on the north, which accounts for about 1/5 of the area of the new building. This is a creative landscape garden crafted on the basis of classical garden elements, consisting of pebble-lined ponds, slate rockeries, straight and curved bridges, octagonal pavilions, and bamboo forests, which are different from the traditional gardens of Suzhou without departing from the humanistic flavor and charisma of China. The landscape garden is directly connected to the complementary garden of the Humble Administrator's Garden through the north wall, and the water feature begins at the northwest corner of the north wall, as if the water is diverted from the west of the Humble Administrator's Garden; under the north wall is the original rockery. When asked why the traditional Taihu Lake stone was not used, I.M. Pei once said that the traditional rockery art could not be surpassed. The master, who has been an innovator all his life, is unwilling to follow in the footsteps of his predecessors. This kind of "wall as paper, stone as painting", a unique landscape landscape, showing a clear outline and silhouette effect. It looks as if it is connected with the Humble Administrator's Garden next to it, and the old and new gardens are cleverly blended into one.

Figure 9 leaky windows and vignettes Figure 10 North Bank "mountains and landscape"

4.3 Plant Features

To fully explore the native plant resources, highlighting the regional characteristics of the garden. In the south planting good effect of tree species is not necessarily suitable for the north, blindly planting will only be counterproductive. Native plants can adapt to the local climate and soil environment, is conducive to maintaining the balance of the local ecosystem, so in the selection of plant species should also be native plants. Native plants used in urban gardens can not only show regional characteristics. It can also improve the ecological benefits of urban garden green space.

In the plant configuration of Suzhou traditional garden, bamboo occupies an irreplaceable position, which can fully reflect the regional characteristics of Suzhou. To overcome the disadvantage of serious lack of species diversity in the existing garden green space, and at the same time, in order to reduce the cost of cultivation and management, it is imperative to select suitable native trees to join the garden plant landscape.

Figure 11 Plant Landscape

5 Conclusion

The global cultural convergence is increasing day by day, how to maintain the culture with regional characteristics is an urgent issue. The proposal of "creating landscape design with regional culture" is a full affirmation that landscape design should have regional character. I hope that this paper will be helpful for future related design.

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