"my understanding of distance education", "the present situation of distance education in Hainan Province" and "the assumption of the future of distance education".

A preliminary study on the understanding of distance education

Content summary:

Modern distance education is a new form of education developed by using modern information technology such as network technology and multimedia technology. Developing modern distance education is an important educational means to spread information, learn knowledge and build people's lifelong learning system in the era of knowledge economy. It is also an important strategic measure to expand the scale of education, improve the quality of education, improve the efficiency of running a school, establish a lifelong education system and run a big education well. The implementation of modern distance education project has greatly promoted the reform of educational thought, educational content, educational means and teaching mode. This paper discusses the understanding of distance education.

Keywords: distance education teaching mode, learning style, concept renewal

First, the transformation from modern distance education to traditional education mode.

The main feature of modern distance education means is that teachers and students can interact in real time or non-real time across space. This is also the most significant difference between modern distance education and traditional education, and it is also its advantage.

1. The implementation of modern distance education will turn the traditional classroom with limited space into a virtual classroom with unlimited space. This is the interactive space between teachers and students created by software network technology. These spaces are regarded as so-called classrooms, where teachers give lectures and students discuss. In the virtual classroom, there is a communication structure similar to teachers' office hours, and teachers and students can get separate communication. The software also has the ability to handle students' exams or homework, and can collect or score. Compared with traditional classrooms, virtual classrooms undoubtedly have obvious advantages.

One of the advantages is the interaction in the classroom. In the traditional classroom, most interactive activities are carried out through teachers' speaking, students' listening, speaking, reading and writing. In the virtual classroom, the discussion and exchange of courses has become a continuous activity, because in this learning environment, teachers' teaching, teacher-student communication, students' discussion and other activities can be carried out at any time, which is also difficult to do in face-to-face environment.

The second advantage is that virtual classrooms are everywhere. This advantage is especially important for adult students. Because adult students shoulder the heavy burden of work and family, the contradiction between work and study is so acute under the condition of market economy. Whether they can attend classes according to their own time will determine whether they succeed in their studies or give up halfway. Modern distance education can enable students to learn anything they need at any time and any place, thus solving all kinds of contradictions that are difficult to solve in traditional education, especially in adult education.

2. The teaching courseware required by modern distance education has changed the traditional courses that focus on classroom teaching content, teaching materials, teachers' experience and students' acceptance and understanding. It can combine excellent teachers' superb teaching level with modern teaching methods, enrich students' information feedback and learning resources in learning projects, and integrate teachers and teaching materials. The courseware makes full use of excellent teaching resources; With the help of multimedia information such as words, physical images, sounds and three-dimensional animations, it brings intuitive and vivid teaching effects; The content contains a lot of information, especially about new processes and technologies. The content is updated quickly, which is convenient for students to absorb new knowledge in time. This kind of teaching courseware has completely changed the rigid, boring and single-word teaching materials of the original textbooks, showing unparalleled advantages.

3. An important goal of modern distance education is to truly make students the center of distance education, which is a brand-new concept. Modern distance education takes students' personalized education as the core. Students can decide their study plans according to their own needs and possibilities. They can go beyond time and space and learn randomly across regions. They can set different study hours for different courses according to their own conditions. In learning, middle school students can take self-examination and test their grades through online courseware, which will stimulate students' interest in learning. Modern distance education will also implement credit system management, and students can graduate after completing the required credits according to their own needs, which provides the possibility for individualized education.

4. Modern distance education requires a fundamental change in the concept and means of teaching management, putting management above the collection, processing and dissemination of information. The core of management is the implementation of target management with curriculum management differentiation as the core, including the management of various teaching resources and the management of students' online learning information, that is, the online computer management replaces the traditional educational management, which fundamentally changes the backward and inefficient situation of the traditional educational management model.

Second, the renewal of teachers' concept and the change of knowledge structure.

1. Renewal of ideas

Although multimedia computer-aided teaching has many obvious advantages, it is difficult to carry out computer-aided teaching without the active participation, cooperation, discussion and research of front-line teachers. Judging from the use of media by both the subject and the object in the process of educational communication, every media update is accompanied by the enhancement of communication function and the improvement of communication effect, and at the same time, higher requirements are put forward for the transmitter and receiver of education. Electronic communication requires both parties to have certain technical capabilities and environmental conditions. The development and innovation of media technology has formed a pair of contradictions with the traditional habits and psychological stereotypes of human beings using media to spread. This contradiction is mainly manifested in the adaptability, permanence and dependence of the two sides on traditional media, as well as the passive resistance to the use of new media. Most teachers have become accustomed to the unchanging teaching mode, teaching means and methods for many years. With the arrival of computer-aided teaching, they will feel great pressure, so they must re-establish the teaching concept of information. The huge and rapid information resources and brand-new interactive functions provided by computers make them have to re-recognize their own knowledge system, which is itself a revolution in self-knowledge. With the advent of teaching reform, teachers must change their traditional role of expressing teaching content in language in traditional classrooms. Before class, we should organize the design, production and processing of teaching information and make teaching courseware. In class, we should be competent in the operation and control of teaching courseware, ask and answer questions well, and actively eliminate unfavorable factors such as students' attention shift or excessive dependence on the media. In fact, teachers play various roles, such as organizer, controller, coordinator and mentor.

2. Changes in teachers' knowledge structure

Facing the rapid development of educational technology in the new era, distance education institutions should increase the number of multimedia computer personnel, network management designers and modern teaching personnel, and at the same time carry out planned training for existing personnel to meet the requirements of modern distance education for teachers' knowledge structure. The three-level training mechanism established by the educational technology department can be used for reference:

Level 1: All teachers and audio-visual teachers should master the theoretical knowledge of teaching design, teaching and learning, the knowledge of computer introduction and the knowledge of using general teaching software.

Level 2: Full-time educational technology personnel and teaching and research personnel related to educational technology should master the theory of computer-aided teaching and the knowledge of design, production and evaluation of teaching software.

Level 3: designers and developers of computer-aided education, and backbone personnel of educational technology should master the programming of teaching software, related computer art, the use of computer music software, editing system, etc.

In a word, the development of multimedia computer teaching system involves the all-round combination of computer, art, music, education, psychology and other majors. The future education is science and technology-oriented education, and its development trend will be characterized by computer multimedia intelligent education, which not only brings broad prospects to the modernization of distance education, but also brings new challenges to our modern educators.

Third, the learning methods of distance education.

1. Learner autonomy.

The subject of learning is the learner. In traditional education, teachers are the main body and the center. Students' learning is often limited to classrooms and books, and students are passive recipients of knowledge. Modern distance education emphasizes that the learning subject is the seeker of knowledge, and attaches importance to using various teaching methods to stimulate the internal driving force of the learning subject. Learning is the conscious need of the subject to acquire knowledge actively. Generally speaking, the autonomy of learning subjects is mainly manifested in the independent arrangement of time and the independent choice of information.

(1) Schedule your own time. With the arrival of a learning society and the establishment of a lifelong education system, traditional learning methods are limited by time and are not suitable for lifelong learners. It is difficult for people to leave work and family for a long time and go back to school to concentrate on their studies. Moreover, if you accept distance education, you can study in your spare time without affecting your work, and you can study continuously. This independent time arrangement provides the possibility for lifelong education. Modern society will establish a lifelong education system, and learning will also become a way of life for individuals. Receiving education is not only the basic condition for people's employment, but also the necessary condition for people's employment and reemployment. In this case, learning is not only a means for people to get a paper diploma, but also a necessity of life. Therefore, in modern distance education, learners are the conscious subject of self-reproduction. In order to realize self-worth, people will learn with unprecedented autonomy.

② Choose information independently. The core of modern distance education is to share educational resources through the network. The resource itself is a kind of information. The "information source" in the distance education system is available for learners to choose independently. One of the contents of modern distance education project in China is to build modern distance education information resources. Including: online courses, teaching software, digital satellite tv teaching films, subject education resources, educational materials and information. The construction of these information resources will provide a good "platform" for learners to choose learning content. Students can make full use of the rich information resources and quick access in distance education to study efficiently and independently. In this case, teacher-centered passive learning will be replaced by learner-centered autonomous learning.

2. The multi-level nature of learning purpose.

The purpose of learning is to achieve the goal through learning. In traditional education, the purpose of people's study is generally to get a diploma. In modern distance education, learners should not only acquire systematic knowledge through various kinds of learning, but also improve their own quality and serve their social activities. In modern distance education, learners' learning objectives are multi-level.

One of the purposes: to acquire knowledge. Acquiring knowledge is the common goal of all students participating in distance education. As long as it is a learning activity, it is necessary to obtain information. The information obtained online is richer and faster.

According to the statistics of UNESCO, the scientific knowledge mastered by human beings in the past 100 years accounted for 90% of the total scientific knowledge in history. /kloc-in the 0/9th century, human knowledge increased by 1 times every 50 years. At the beginning of the 20th century, every 10 year increased by 1 times, and mankind entered the era of information explosion. Traditional education does not have such a huge information transmission function. But the network can systematize and centralize resources, and the electronic library will make learning more convenient. If you study a problem and look for relevant information, learners can find all the titles, contents, authors, translators, publication dates and content abstracts of relevant content by opening the electronic library. Then ask for the information you need according to the retrieval situation.

The second purpose: to get a diploma. Needless to say, people at this stage receive distance education, and the purpose of getting a diploma is not ruled out. China has a large population. For various reasons, it is difficult to get more people to receive higher education in the short term. Distance education can use limited educational resources to expand the scale of running schools, so that more people can complete relevant courses and complete credits, and achieve the purpose of obtaining diplomas and degrees. China's "Action Plan for Education Revitalization Facing the 265438+20th Century" points out that by 2000 and 20 10, the enrollment rate of colleges and universities in China must reach 1 1% and 15% respectively, which requires creating conditions as much as possible for more people to enter universities through distance education. This plan will change the current situation of the "single-plank bridge" in China's college entrance examination.

The third purpose: to improve the quality. In modern society, when people engage in various activities, personal qualities play a considerable role in success. According to the latest learning theory of Harvard School of Management, the information feedback structure of production system determines the behavior and results of the system, so the key to the success or failure of enterprise management is to adjust the information feedback structure. In fact, the understanding of employees and the decision-making of leaders in enterprises are, in the final analysis, a profound social information activity that is external to learning behavior. Therefore, improving the quality of learners through learning is also the main purpose of people participating in distance education.

3. Flexibility of learning methods.

In traditional learning, learners mainly learn through teachers' lectures and their own reading. In modern distance education, in addition to the above methods, there are a series of methods different from traditional education. Generally speaking, based on network distance education, learners can find information through the network, discuss problems with many students they have never met on BBS, and ask teachers questions and get answers by email.

The arrangement of learning links in distance education is very different from that in traditional education. Specifically:

① Students should make use of their spare time to teach themselves according to the requirements of teaching progress.

② Attend classes in remote classrooms at night and weekends.

(3) Homework and exercises are arranged online or in class, and students finish them online, and the answers are regularly published online by lecturers. Students can get guidance from teachers in class or by email if they encounter problems in the learning process.

④ Experiments are organized by remote teaching points, including contacting the experimental site, hiring instructors, and reviewing experimental reports. The simulation experiments that can be carried out on the Internet are all done on the Internet.

⑤ The examination course is conducted by classroom written examination, and the examination papers are uniformly reviewed by teachers. Candidates' grades are evaluated according to students' usual homework and test paper scores.

⑥ The topics, requirements and progress of graduation design are published by the school on the Internet. Students can choose their own graduation design topics, and the distance teaching station hires teachers to guide them.

⑦ After the graduation thesis is completed, it will be sent to the school defense committee for online defense.

As can be seen from the above, the current learning methods of distance education mainly include: autonomous learning-virtual lectures-online homework-email questioning-classroom written test and so on. With the rapid development of distance education, it can be predicted that in the near future, online learning will become more and more flexible. Diversified learning methods will further promote people's efficient learning.

4. Interaction of information exchange.

Interactivity refers to learning under remote conditions, focusing on man-machine dialogue, teacher-student dialogue and life-to-life dialogue, so as to make all kinds of information flow move in learning activities. At present, distance education in China generally adopts two teaching methods: one is real-time interaction. Students and teachers learn online in real time through a special audio and video education system, which requires high transmission speed of the network. One is online on demand. This way is more convenient for students to learn independently and becomes the most convenient, efficient and free way of learning. Whether it is real-time interaction, on-demand or the combination of the two teaching methods, the same problem is that there is no traditional relationship between teachers and students. The interactivity of online teaching in the primary stage of distance education needs to be further improved.

Ginsburg, 1998) and others divide online courses into three generations according to the degree of students' interaction in learning. The first generation of online courses mainly provide learners with relevant information and links with other related educational networks through web pages. In addition to the above, the second-generation online courses also require students to interact at different times through e-mail, bulletin board system, online exercises and tests. The third generation network course also includes online dialogue, teleconference, video conference or simultaneous interaction between the multi-user multidimensional system NUDs and the multi-user object-oriented system NOOs. Online education in China has just started, and online course designers are exploring to provide interactive functions, so that students can think while reading, ask questions and discuss while listening, and learn interactively through online courses.

With the rise and popularization of distance education, it is of great significance to study learning in distance education for improving students' learning ability. Through research, this paper discusses the effective methods to cultivate students' ability to obtain information efficiently, evaluate information properly, absorb, store and extract information effectively and use information creatively, and finally guides students to choose the best learning method and obtain ideal learning effect.

Education is a process, and only education can transform information into knowledge, understanding and wisdom. Using distance education to spread knowledge and information, so that the curriculum system and content can create a new path in the cultivation of high-quality talents in the new century; Make the classroom not limited by time and space, and make it available to human beings; Let educational resources play the greatest social benefits. All these have formed a new educational concept and way. It can be said that the new education system and teaching mode represented by networking and digitalization have arrived, which will fundamentally change the original teaching ideas, teaching contents, teaching methods and teaching organizations.

References:

(1) "What kind of online courses can give full play to the advantages of distance education" Zhang Weiyuan "China Distance Education 2000".

Three issues in 2008.

(2) My view on education for 2 1 century (comprehensive volume) edited by Hao Keming and published by Guangdong Education Press.

(3) "How to Calculate Online Courses" was published in China Education News (200010.2), page 65438.

④ Online Education, a Learning Revolution Qin Haibo Economic Times (August 2000) 10

Day.

⑤ Reflection and Imagination of Distance Education Mode, Sang Xinmin China Education News1June 28th, 999.

Day.

⑥ System Model of Open Education in Learning Society Yuan Xingming's Research on Open Education 1999.

2-3 issues.

Author: Xia Lan (sichuan radio and tv university)

My understanding and views on modern distance education

Modern distance education system is an educational and teaching system that uses modern educational media to transmit all kinds of educational information over a long distance and realize the sharing of educational resources and talents.

It can transmit all kinds of audio-visual resources in a large area, expand the teaching area, and also transmit the teaching content of excellent courses in a large area to improve the teaching level of teachers.

Traditional educational information (including written teaching materials, audio-visual teaching materials, etc.). ) has a linear and orderly organizational structure, while human thinking and memory have a network structure, and people can freely choose different paths through association. Therefore, traditional education restricts the mobilization of people's wisdom and potential, limits the development of free association ability, and is not conducive to the cultivation of creative ability. Multimedia technology can comprehensively process various media information (including text, graphics, sound, images, etc.). ), and has interactive characteristics, which creates conditions for the nonlinear organization of teaching information.

Modern distance education has its unique advantages in the following aspects:

1. Improve the quality of education

Modern distance education can educate students' ideological and moral character, promote the formation of students' ideological and moral character, cultivate students' moral behavior, and help cultivate students' moral feelings and moral will. Various visual teaching media can help students understand life and the world, distinguish right from wrong, good from evil, and establish good moral behavior.

Modern distance education can also promote the development of students' knowledge and ability and improve the efficiency of students' mastering knowledge and ability. Because it is vivid and infectious, it is easy to stimulate students' interest in learning and internal motivation. It is not limited by time and space, and can directly express all kinds of things and phenomena, which is convenient for students to understand and remember what they have learned.

2. Improve teaching efficiency

Efficiency is mainly a matter of speed. Modern distance education can shorten teaching time and improve teaching efficiency. The research shows that when learning, the knowledge gained through vision accounts for 83%, hearing accounts for 1 1%, smell accounts for 3.5%, and taste accounts for 1%. This shows that vision and hearing play the most important role in learning.

The use of modern distance education can enable students to make full use of vision and hearing to acquire knowledge, and can enable students to learn with multiple senses, thus achieving better learning results and improving teaching efficiency.

3. Expand the scale of education

Modern distance education can expand the scale of education and accelerate the development of education. The country is implementing the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, making full use of modern distance education to carry out various distance education and expand the scale of education. For example, radio and television networks (including satellite TV and cable TV), computer education and scientific research networks, the Internet and so on. To carry out various forms of distance education and popularize various educational courses to schools, society and families. A teacher and an educational information source can teach thousands of students at the same time; Students can also learn independently through various computer networks.

4. Promote education reform

The development of modern distance education is recognized as the commanding height and breakthrough of China's educational reform and development. It has brought many changes to education, making teaching resources multimedia, teaching information digital, teaching forms networked and educational exchanges remote. For example, in the aspect of education and teaching means, modern technical means are introduced into the field of education to make educational means multimedia. In the aspect of educational teaching methods, the application of media teaching methods makes educational methods diversified; In the mode of education and teaching, modern teaching media has changed the structure of the original education process and formed a variety of new human-machine-human education modes; In the aspect of education and teaching concept, it provides new ideas, new viewpoints and new methods for the development of education; In terms of educational theory, due to the changes and development of means, methods, models and concepts, educational theory and theoretical research have been further developed, which has promoted modern educational views, modern teaching views, modern school views and modern talents.

Modern educational technology has the above advantages, so we teachers and educators should learn and master modern distance education. Because mastering modern distance education is an essential quality of modern teachers, it will help to improve teachers' ability structure, enhance the adaptability of teachers' work and deepen the educational reform of schools. In a word, mastering modern educational technology will bring unprecedented changes to the implementation of our new educational model.

Shandan County Weiqi Shilipu Primary School Tao Wei