[Free] Analyze what is the development model of cultural industrial park.

The scope of cultural industry and related industries includes: production and sales activities of articles and equipment directly related to cultural products, cultural communication services and cultural leisure and entertainment activities, as well as production and sales activities of related cultural products. Cultural industrial park refers to a park that attracts various cultural production factors with preferential industrial policies and takes regional cultural resources as the carrier under the overall planning and guidance of the government and in accordance with the successful model of establishing economic development zones. By attracting investment and attracting talents and talents, we will attract artists, cultural product operators and cultural intermediary organizations inside and outside the region to gather in the park, gradually create a cultural atmosphere, form cultural characteristics, build cultural brands, and make it a gathering place, incubator and propeller for cultural industries. Based on the development trend and characteristics of cultural industry, industrial parks and incubators with the main functions of providing a series of management support and resource networks needed for the development of new enterprises, supporting and incubating new high-tech enterprises can completely become a new model for the development of cultural industry. Analysis on the development mode of cultural industrial park II. The role of cultural industrial parks Cultural industrial parks have important characteristics and functions in promoting the development of cultural industries, promoting cultural enterprises, building industrial clusters, and even promoting employment. An important function of industrial park is industrial cluster or industrial cluster. The various departments of the cultural industry may vary greatly on the whole, but each category has the same or similar attributes. For example, they all produce the same product or related products; * * * Share the same market and adopt roughly similar sales methods and channels; The resource demand of upstream industries is the same; The intellectual and human support groups are the same or similar, and the scientific and technological concepts and technical support are the same or similar. Industrial parks constitute the same industrial operation chain. The interaction between industries and enterprises has formed a series of industrial advantages. Within the industry, enterprises interact with each other; Outside the industry, enterprises can form alliances to provide products and services to customers. At the same time, due to its geographical advantages, industrial clusters may get more convenient development. This kind of industrial cluster has special advantages. Geographical proximity may lead to fierce competition among clusters, but enterprises can share information and aggregate specific needs, thus reducing transaction costs. Industrial clusters can also benefit isolated enterprises from large-scale economic activities, stimulate the development of related industries and follow-up industries, and create a good environment for the development of industrial clusters. The enterprise clusters in the cultural industrial park have the characteristics of cross-industry on-demand combination. Its main components include: enterprises related to cultural and artistic creative design, enterprises providing high-tech technical support such as digital network content industry, intermediary institutions such as information consultation for enterprise internationalization planning and promotion, enterprises producing cultural and creative products, and companies with experience in economic management and commodity management. This kind of composition is helpful to get through the dynamic links among enterprises in the cluster, form a three-dimensional and diversified industrial chain network, and form a comprehensive cluster effect. Thirdly, the environmental characteristics of cultural industrial parks are different from those of ordinary industrial parks, and cultural industrial parks have their own development laws. To build a cultural industrial park, we must first establish a good basic environment: first, we must establish a good entrepreneurial environment with strong institutional guarantee, policy support and efficient coordination mechanism. This includes: laws (economic law, market law, copyright law, etc. ) system; Financial structure, perfect and effective investment and financing support, strong cultural industry fund and venture capital fund; International commitment, international and domestic environment for developing social, cultural and knowledge resources; Honesty, reciprocity, cooperation and effective social network. Secondly, we should provide good resources for cultural and artistic creativity, protect creativity, art, art education and intellectual property rights, and respect cultural standards and cultural values. This includes: the protection, development, transformation and utilization of traditional cultural heritage; * * * Knowledge to promote international multicultural development; The social atmosphere of cultural activities in cities or parks, the enthusiasm of public participation and the cultivation of quality. Third, we need a market network that can exert the agglomeration effect, which is conducive to cultivating cultural enterprise groups, building and perfecting cultural industrial chains, forming new industrial development communities and high-tech infrastructure support, interconnecting industrial chains, and breaking the original industry boundaries. Of course, the cultural atmosphere, urban features and comfortable and natural living facilities that attract talents from the cultural industry are also essential. This combination of cultural industrial parks also has high requirements for the composition of talents. First, the cultural industry needs a large number of compound talents with compound academic qualifications, such as the theory and creation of culture and art, network design or related professional technology, business administration or economic and trade education. The second is to allocate different professionals in enterprises, industries and cultural industrial parks to form the complementary advantages of various cultural and creative talents. On the one hand, cultural industrial parks undoubtedly need technical talents: excellent scientists, designers, engineers, architects and so on. On the other hand, an important feature of cultural products is intangible, cultural and artistic, so cultural industrial parks need inspiring artists (including avant-garde artists), folk artists, freelance writers, cultural scholars and even philosophers. Third, cultural industrial parks also need intermediaries such as managers, advertisers and media workers. This is the conflict, contest, collision and integration between culture and economy, art and technology, humanities and science, metaphysics and metaphysics. It is precisely because of the cultural and artistic characteristics of the cultural industry that large-scale cultural industry parks should also consider the living environment of cultural industry personnel, including quality of life, lifestyle, taste and comfort. Four. Analysis on the development mode of cultural industrial park Cultural industrial park is also the concept of cultural creative real estate, which is a model of "industrial operation+real estate development", and its core is a new type of commercial real estate operation. Rely on the introduction of cultural industry activities (such as culture and art, media industry, tourism and leisure, etc. ) or consumer creative activities (such as frontier experience entertainment consumption, fashion trend consumption, etc.). ) develop real estate carriers, such as industrial buildings, high-tech office buildings, cultural tourism education and other composite properties. This is also a new industrial real estate development model that the real estate industry has begun to pay attention to, and it is also in line with the concepts and characteristics of mainstream cultural and creative industries. Looking at the development of cultural industrial parks at home and abroad, there are four development modes: 1, spontaneous agglomeration. The initial accumulation of cultural industries appeared in old factories and warehouses in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities. Abroad, there are two communities in east London, Hoxton and Shoreditch. Due to the low ability to pay rent in the early stage of entrepreneurship, such industries spontaneously formed and gathered under the two elements of rent and cultural space environment. The old factories in Beijing and Shanghai are the embryonic form of China Cultural Industrial Park. 798 Art District "798 Art District" is a cultural industrial park where people from the cultural and artistic circles spontaneously gather. Located in Dashanzi District, Chaoyang District, northeast of Beijing, it is a key industrial project aided by the Soviet Union and designed and built by East Germany in 1950s. The former state-owned 798 factory and other electronic industries are located. Some buildings in the 798 factory adopt cast-in-place concrete arch structure, which is a typical Bauhaus style building and rare in Asia. Since 2002, a large number of artists' studios and contemporary art institutions have been stationed here, renting and renovating idle factories on a large scale, and gradually developing into a gathering area for galleries, art centers, artists' studios, design companies, fashion shops, restaurants and bars. On the premise of protecting the original historical and cultural heritage, the original industrial workshop was redefined, designed and transformed, which brought a new interpretation of architecture and lifestyle. After renovation, these idle factories have become new architectural works of art, maintaining a perfect dialogue between historical context and development paradigm, practicality and aesthetics, and the display of old buildings in the factory. Here, the organic combination of contemporary art, architectural space, cultural industry, historical context and urban living environment makes the 798 Art District evolve into a brand-new model of contemporary cultural life in China, which has an unprecedented strong attraction to all kinds of professionals and the general public, and has a forward-looking impact on the concept of urban culture and living space. The "Soho-style art district" and "Loft lifestyle" formed by the 798 Art District have attracted wide attention at home and abroad, similar to the classic case of the successful appropriation of industrial power plants by the Tate Gallery in Britain. In just two years, this area has become the largest and most internationally influential art district in China and a new landmark of Beijing's urban culture. 2. Government Leading With the development of cultural industries, the government began to intervene in the development and construction of cultural industrial parks. Government-led cultural industrial parks can be divided into two categories: one is "old city reconstruction". In the process of urban development, the land in the city center is increasingly scarce, and the transformation of the old city has become the general trend. Large-scale urban renewal needs a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources. The reuse of the old factory buildings in the city center by the cultural industry can not only preserve the traces of the city history, but also save the cost of the old city reconstruction. Therefore, government departments at all levels in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities pay more and more attention to the development and utilization of old factories. Taking Shanghai as an example, there are a large number of excellent historical buildings in Shanghai, such as old factories and warehouses, which reflect the unique style, artistic characteristics and scientific value of urban development in different periods. Government departments have seen the way out for the transformation of old factories from the spontaneous accumulation of cultural industrial parks, and have successively upgraded some factories. Through transformation, these old factories have been injected with new industrial elements, and new mechanisms and new energy have gathered in the old buildings, attracting many cultural industry enterprises and individuals to enter. For example, Tianzifang in Shanghai. This kind of industrial park, like spontaneous accumulation industrial park, has the characteristics of low rent and wide space. The other is "industrial park upgrading mode". With the continuous development of economy, major cities began to develop in the 1990s, and large industrial parks began to transform and develop, facing the challenge of seeking new economic growth models to promote industrial upgrading. As a brain-intensive industry, cultural industry has a strong industrial chain permeability and is inextricably linked with various industries, so governments at all levels have introduced various preferential policies to promote the development of creative industries. For example, Shanghai Zhangjiang Cultural, Technological and Creative Industry Base. These cultural and creative industrial parks are all invested by the government, and the whole process of supervision and operation requires higher financial strength of the government. 3. The competition for real estate developers to develop real estate independently is becoming more and more fierce, and the product homogeneity is serious. The same high-rise building can not reflect the differentiation and enhance the competitiveness of the project in the market. In addition, the national real estate policies have been introduced one after another, and the speed of market standardization has accelerated. Some enterprises hope to build a fist product to establish market reputation and have good operating assets. In China, compared with residential and commercial, the involvement of developers in industrial park development is still a relatively new thing, and there are many places to innovate. However, because developers pay attention to the "short-term profit goal" of commercial operation, which conflicts with the long-term goal of an industry from formation to development to maturity, many developers regard cultural industry as a "gimmick" and use its characteristics in product development and marketing packaging instead of introducing cultural industry for substantive development. Because the role of developers is different from the goal of pursuing short-term profits, it is one-sided and short-sighted for developers to lead the development of cultural industries, which is not conducive to the cultivation and counseling of a new industry. The intervention of developers can bring brand-new thinking and mode to the development and business model of cultural industrial park. The development of Xianghai Shanghai Cultural Industrial Park, through the promotion, management and activity organization of commercial streets, has effectively played a "window" role in cultural industry propaganda and achieved good social and commercial benefits. The project was awarded the title of Cultural and Creative Industry Cluster by Shanghai Municipal Government. 4. Cooperation between the government and developers. Whether enterprises accumulate spontaneously or developers develop independently, the cultural industrial park will eventually introduce government participation, forming a two-wheel drive between the market and the government, which is conducive to the virtuous circle development of the cultural industry. In this model, the administrative role and social responsibility of the government should be fully integrated and coordinated with the market-oriented operation experience of developers, forming a "double analysis of what is the development model of cultural industrial park to win". For example, the development and construction of cultural industrial parks need to invest a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources, and the profit cycle is longer than that of ordinary industrial parks, so many governments cannot bear such heavy financial pressure. Therefore, certain land preferential policies are formulated, usually industrial park land and residential land are bundled for sale, hoping to be developed and built by developers to reduce the burden on the government. At the same time, the land transfer policy is becoming more and more strict, and it is becoming more and more difficult for developers to get land. Many developers have faced the dilemma of having funds but no projects to develop. The convenience of bundling industrial parks with residential, commercial and other land has made developers see a glimmer of light. In terms of real estate products, the cultural industrial park jointly developed by the government and developers has the characteristics of both the old factory and the cultural industrial park independently developed by developers. On the one hand, in order to meet the government's requirements for the development of cultural industry, the design starts from the needs of cultural industry workers and creates some creative office products, such as sunshine office and ecological office. On the other hand, if developers want to achieve their own profit targets, they must build some operating properties, such as hotels, houses and businesses, so as to achieve a win-win situation for both. Xi 'an Qujiang New District Xi 'an Qujiang New District was formerly a provincial development zone with the development of cultural tourism as its core industry. 1993 was established according to the spirit of the the State Council document. In 2003, it was renamed Xi 'an Qujiang New District. Since its name change, Qujiang New District has successively built a number of cultural projects, such as Datang Furong Garden, North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Qujiang Aquarium and Qujiang International Convention and Exhibition Center, and planned and carried out a series of major cultural activities, such as Qujiang International Tang Culture and Art Week, Shengdian 'an Cultural Activities, Qujiang International Cultural Forum and Qujiang Domestic Film Newcomer Exhibition, and established its own intangible cultural heritage protection base, gradually forming a unique Qujiang cultural brand. Since 2006, Qujiang New District has invested 654.38 billion yuan to start the construction of Qujiangchi Ruins Park, Hanyao Ruins Park, Tang City Wall Ruins Park and Qin Ershi Mausoleum Ruins Park. It invested 654.38 billion yuan to start construction of public cultural venues such as Shaanxi Modern Art Museum, xi 'an Opera House, Xi 'an Concert Hall and Qujiang Film City. At present, Qujiang New District has become "the most popular tourist destination" and a blessed place for Chinese and foreign businessmen to invest and start businesses. In 2006, Qujiang New District received * * * Chinese and foreign tourists160,000 person-times, and the tourism income reached 380 million yuan, with domestic capital of 465,438+10,000 yuan and foreign capital of170,000 US dollars introduced. Qujiang New District has successively established Qujiang Cultural Industry Investment Group Company, Qujiang Film and Television Group, Qujiang Exhibition Group and Qujiang Performing Arts Group, forming a relatively complete industrial chain and industrial cluster. We will set up a 30 million yuan cultural industry support fund and a 654.38 billion yuan domestic film and television newcomer new work promotion fund. After undertaking the development tasks such as Famen Temple World Buddhist Capital Project, Louguantaidao Cultural Exhibition Area and Daming Palace National Heritage Park, Qujiang New District will form a group-like cultural industrial park with Qujiang New District as the core and consisting of Famen Temple Buddhist Cultural Scenic Area, Louguantaidao Cultural Scenic Area and Daming Palace National Heritage Park Scenic Area. Qujiang model is a real estate cultural and economic model which takes culture as the driving force and urban management as the means to realize the combination of culture, commerce and tourism, and the combination of cultural undertakings and cultural industries. V. Matters needing attention in the construction of cultural industrial parks Industrial parks are essentially industrial belts and industrial clusters, and their main bodies are enterprises. Enterprises must have enthusiasm and initiative, and the park can only develop if it is profitable. Several problems in the construction of cultural industrial park. 1, relying on the advantages of local resources. We should seek truth from facts and proceed from reality, and we should not make subjective assumptions, let alone resort to deceit. If a place does not have any relevant cultural background, a certain talent accumulation, or even a related enterprise, it is difficult to succeed, and there are many lessons of failure. 2. Provide a very good atmosphere for innovation. Talent gathering, technology gathering and information gathering form the spillover effect of knowledge, enhance the scientific research and innovation ability of enterprises, promote the transfer and diffusion of knowledge and technology, and drive all technological progress of the whole cluster. 3. Build leading industries and their industrial chains. Positioning and investment promotion should be accurate, focused and not scattered. If we want to build an industrial chain, we must first build leading enterprises, and let important enterprises with leading positions in this industry settle in, so we must vigorously attract powerful enterprises and leading enterprises to settle in.