The important minister of the Qing Dynasty, the sage of Shuisi? -- Approaching the historical clouds of Li Shijie

Qianxi County, the most prestigious historical figures, the first to have served in the Qing Dynasty during the Qianlong period of the Ministry of War Li Shijie. "The Qing dynasty talented ministers, to Zuo miscellaneous successive among the open government, such as the Yongzheng Li Wei, Tian Wenjing, between the Qianlong Yang Jingsu, Li Shijie, the most notable political achievements." ("Qing Historical Manuscript - Zhi")

Standing in Qianxi County, Gantang Town, Li Shijie statue (Bijie test area Li Jingui photo)

This is known as the "Guizhou three strange male" of the Sanshi sages, the people of Qianxi always have a special feeling, Gongqin Road, Wenfeng Academy, Shangshu Square, remodeling of the Li Shijie statue, restoration of the Li Shijie cemetery and other cultural sites. Li Shijie cemetery and other cultural landmarks, all reflecting his memory and respect. A person who has been dead for more than two hundred years, his anecdotes and wonders are still circulating in the streets and alleys. What kind of person was he? In the remote southwest corner of the historical isolation, not through the imperial examinations, how did he become a feudal official? In the decades of career, his work and behavior, what lessons for future generations? These, has been lingering in the heart, lingering. Looking through the history, I tried to find possible answers from those hidden in the text behind the past.

One

To talk about an outstanding person, we cannot detach ourselves from the era in which he lived. Li Shijie was born in 1716, the fifty-fifth year of the Kangxi reign. He died in 1794, the fifty-ninth year of the Qianlong reign. From the beginning of the Kangxi period to the end of the Qianlong period, China's feudal dynasty entered the so-called "Kangxi, Yongqian" era, which is a marked increase in national strength, rapid population growth, unprecedentedly vast territory, but also a talented people, the stars of the era.

The most important way to produce officials in the Qing Dynasty was the imperial examination. In this way to enter the civil service, called the right way. By the bailiff and the official, also regarded as the right way. The others, as well as those who donate to the government, are called miscellaneous ways. Li Shijie through donations, to inspector as a starting point, one step at a time, and finally up to the Ministry of War, which in the Qing Dynasty are not many. "Among the famous Han ministers in the Qing Dynasty, two of them entered with the costal lang, one of them was Li Minda Gongwei, and the other one was Li Gongqin Gong Shijie." (Qing - Ge Xu Cun, "Anecdotes of famous people in the Qing dynasty") his success, in addition to their own endowment, should be with the times, environment, encounters, character and so on also related.

The characteristics of Qianlong is very distinctive, "Gaozong attach importance to pro-people officials, Qianlong two years, Oracle imitation of the Yongzheng example, the Governor, Fu, cloth, according to the, each secret to raise one or two people. The following year, the order of the university professors, the nine ministers to raise the road, the government personnel. Eight years, the edict of the university scholar to raise the number, check can serve as a governor. fourteen years, the order of the minister of the three items above the Beijing Hall, the minister of the Shangshu above the minister of the lift can be. Edict governors and抚举亲民的官，贤能夙著者，亲加选用。" (《清史稿-志》) this guide plays the most fundamental and important role.

Li Shijie Pai Fang (Shi Kaixin photo)

Environment has a great influence on a person's growth. 1744, Li Shijie was 28 years old, left his hometown, and went to Changshu, Jiangsu Province, Huangpu Si as an inspector. Huangpu Si is a sea port, which is rich in goods and people, trade and commerce. Huangpu Si, a water town in the south of the Yangtze River, Li Shijie, who came out from Qianxi, where transportation was inconvenient and culture was backward at that time, should have been greatly touched and inspired. Thereafter, in 1779, before serving as governor of Guangxi, its place of service are in Jiangsu, Anhui, Sichuan and other large provinces. Especially in Jiangsu, the experience lasted 21 years. These places, traditionally the center of gravity of the country, were heavy with affairs.

Li Shijie's growth encountered a lot of Bole. Because of his outstanding ability, he was greatly appreciated and recommended by governors such as Yin Jishan, Zhuang Yougong, Chen Hongmou and the Dingxi general Agui. Here is a more interesting thing, Li Shijie from the Jin Gui main thin promoted to Taizhou governor, is also through the donation, but who helped him out of money? Historical data is unknown. Until I saw the Qing dynasty scholars Bao Shichen wrote "art boat double oar", only to find that there are many people to help: "Yu Jiujun taboo Guande, word Junhuai, surnamed Yu's, Anhui She people ...... Jun have to know the people of the identification of the Crown Prince, the Governor of Sichuan, Li Shijie to trial from the ninth grade in Jiangsu, Jun and the language and the strange, contributing to the contribution for the donation of the governor. " Contribute is to get together, it seems to be a lot of people to get together.

Character determines destiny. Li Shijie is a native of Qianxi, Qianxi mountains and waters nourished him, Xuxiang open nine stage, Wu Sangui Ping Shui Xi and other relics of the old story and the heavy work ethos, to form his "less casual, like riding and shooting" character should be the role of the subtle influence. At the same time, "reading a little look at the general idea" "good reading and do not care about the chapter and verse, but to seek economic affairs", and make him less bookish, more than one point of energy. 20 years old after "suddenly feel excited! "" folding section to change the line ", would like to do a career. To Huangpu Si after serving as an inspector, is a complete change of character, "give up the former habits and specializing in the official, the township has a small lawsuit, must be dissected for its straight and narrow and can not be dry to private." (Ling Tiguan "Qing dynasty Guizhou famous sages like biography") just served as governor of Taizhou, the face of more than four hundred cases, in a questioning voice, "although the play music does not a care, the night according to the case to see things, and do their best to level the two made, and must be their feelings and make no dissatisfaction, not May and the case are reported to be finished. The constitutional division of all sigh of surprise" (qing-guan shiming "li shijie epitaph"), showing a very strong learning ability and work level. Integrity and selflessness, pragmatism and diligence, these excellent character, accompanied him throughout his life.

Two

Qianlong life's most boasted achievements is the pacification of border rebellions, strengthen the unity of the country's "ten full of martial arts" and personally wrote the "imperial ten full of records", which, from 1771 to 1776 and then leveled the small and large Jinchuan, from 1786 to 1788 pacified Taiwan Lin Shuangwen rebellion. 1789 to pacify the Gorkha, three times Li Shijie are involved, all played an important role.

The first time, 1771 to 1776 and then Ping Daxiaoginchuan. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the "land reclassification" in some Tibetan areas of Northwest Sichuan by resistance, it is difficult to actually implement, which broke out the first Jinchuan war. 1771 April, the beacon again, the big Jinchuan Tusi Sonomu and small Jinchuan Tusi monk Gesang joined forces to launch the war against the Qing Dynasty again. At the beginning of the war, Qianlong ordered General Guilin and Commander-in-Chief Wenfu to march from Wenchuan and Arrow Hole (Kangding) respectively. Li Shijie, who had just arrived at Sichuan Salt Stage Road, received an urgent order to station at the Arrowhead, and was responsible for the military supplies on the south road. Arrow Furnace is the military town of Sichuan and Tibet, the position is extremely important. The weather is bad, the environment is dangerous, to ensure the supply of food and other military supplies has become the most critical task of the war. "When the feed luck first opened, the statute has not been determined, the public attentive to the painting, the obscure refreshing up to rule the army, the book to the night points do not sleep, from the official easy class tends to those who are tired, the public eyes gleaming, must be when and after that is safe, so where the sub-movement of waterfalls in the move will be." (Guan Shiming "Li Shijie epitaph") Guilin, Wen Fu successive defeat was deposed, died in battle, in 1773, Qianlong decisively promoted quite a war record of Gui as a general, co-ordination of affairs into the army. Li Shijie still prime minister of the South Road military food, after many difficulties and dangers, successfully completed the logistical task. "At the same time, the Prime Minister of the Department or repeatedly opposing the condemnation, the son of heaven more important ministers to supervise. But the public was alone for five years, without the slightest mistake." (Guan Shiming, "Epitaph of Li Shijie") In July 1776, Sonomu surrendered and the war ended. The war lasted more than five years, cost 27,000 dead and wounded, and 70 million taels of silver. Agui was so amazed at Li Shijie's talent that he reported it to Qianlong, and the triumph was recounted, and he was promoted to the post of Buzhengzhangzhi of Hubei, remaining in the army to handle reimbursements.

The second, 1786 to 1788 to pacify Taiwan Lin Shuangwen rebellion. 1786 November, Taiwan Fujian Province, the Tien-Di Association leader Lin Shuangwen led the uprising, the momentum, even the city, even frustrated the Qing army, the Qing court shocked. In March of that year, 70-year-old Li Shijie from Sichuan Governor transferred to the Governor of the two rivers (jurisdiction of Jiangsu, Anhui and Jiangxi provinces), not long after, Jiangnan serious flooding. "It was the time when the rivers and lakes were rising and collapsing the southern bank." This disaster, which continued into the fall and winter, Li Shijie, along with Anhui governor Shulin and river governor Li Fenghan, worked night and day on the front line to deal with the disaster. To winter, dealing with flooding just ended, because the two rivers are located in Fujian, Taiwan, the first two days of the first month of 1787, Li Shijie received the Qianlong "order the Minister of the Military Organized Ministers Oracle two rivers Governor Li Shijie, Governor Lan Yuanmei said: the Oracle Lan Yuanmei immediately Chiyi, quickly go to Quanzhou acting as the Fujian land governor ... ...all the Jiangnan governor of India, with Li Shijie in the province within the Generalissimo sorting staff temporarily acting" of the decree ("Qin Ding Pingping Taiwan Chronicle"), at the same time, and is responsible for the passing of the army's logistical support work. "the Prefect's disease is new, do not dare a little from the leisure escape, the supervision rate of the staff to take care of the transit soldiers and transportation of rice to the Taiwan, to the fall do not disturb." (Li Huafeng "Ronglu Daifu Military Department Shangshu Posthumous Gongqin xiankao Yunyan Fujun line description") in 1788 at the beginning of the first month, under the command of Fu Kang'an, Lin Shuangwen was captured. This rebellion, the Qing dynasty used seven provinces troops, two easy commander-in-chief, the military cost up to ten million taels of silver. Can imagine, both to deal with the flooding problem, but also to ensure that the needs of the army, coupled with foot disease aggravated, the eldest son of the Zhangzhou governor Li Huaguo, Mrs. Gao died one after another, for Li Shijie, to withstand how much pressure, to restrain how deep grief! He "disease to endure the mourning to see things. Son of heaven edict to comfort and encouragement, public welfare excited, political no great detail, exhaustion of mind and soul, and the disease is very carry on." (Tube Shiming "Li Shijie epitaph") in October, Qianlong Oracle commended him: "Taiwan bandits since the trouble, transporting the Min rice stone for very proper and fast, Li Shijie submitted to the Department of Symposium." ("State Dynasty Jain dedication class levy initial")

The third, 1789 pacification of Gorkha. Gurkha and the latter Tibet border, the middle of the eighteenth century, the Gurkha tribe ruled Nepal. 1788 June, Gurkha to Tibet on the pretext that the trade tax is too heavy, ordered the big head of the Balbu led 3,000 men and horses, invaded the territory of Tibet, occupation of Jiteng, Nyalamu, Dzongkha and other places. Two months ago, 74-year-old Li Shijie just from the two rivers governor's post back, reinstatement of the governor of sichuan. in July, the Qing army counterattacked, took corresponding measures, by the minister of Tibet Qinglin presided over the front of the Tibetan region of the defense; by the governor of sichuan, sichuan governor Li Shijie, sichuan governor chengde to draw Manchu, han, Tibetan soldiers more than 4000 people, by the chengde command, to the back of the Tibetan. Li Shijie was responsible for both coordinating the deployment of troops and the transportation of food and provisions. "Fu Jun heard the alarm, starry night and traveled, supervise the military affairs. He was very different from the others in terms of terroir, and his feet were very sick, making it difficult for him to walk." (Li Huafeng "Ronglu Da Dafu Military Department Shangshu Posthumous Gongqin xiankao Yunyan Fu Jun line description") Qianlong that he can do the camera, and not stick to comply with the decree, it is really commendable, rewarded to the imperial articles to show the superiority of the award. And commendation "to allocate rice 13,300 stone rushed to transport archery furnace, enough to meet the military food, done with all my heart ...... done very much. Fortunately, the Governor in Sichuan, otherwise, such as Qinglin and other Zhang Huang prevarication, not more hut I think." "In August, Oracle Shijie moved to the Arrowhead Furnace near the dispatch." (The State Dynasty Jain dedication class levy first edited) the army presses the border, in early 1789, the Tibetan contour signed an agreement, Gurkha retreated. To one's surprise, two years later in June, the Gurkhas to Tibetan side did not pay the full amount of silver yuan according to the agreement for the reason that the troops once again attacked Tibet. However, by that time, Li Shijie had already returned to his hometown.

The above examples are just some of the major aspects, as for the rest, there are too many records in the history books, "can't win the road". Li Shijie from 1756 as governor of Taizhou, to 1790, the Ministry of Military Affairs, shouldering the responsibility of a party for 34 years. Especially during the Qianlong years, natural disasters are frequent, the total number of disasters than Shunzhi, Kangxi, Yongzheng three dynasties 92 years more than two hundred times, to the most floods, droughts, followed by (Chen Zhenjiang and other editors of the Qing Records of Economic and Historical Information Agricultural Series). In those years, the task of officials at all levels was still relatively difficult. Li Shijie left outstanding political achievements in river affairs, disaster relief, and relief. Jiaqing ascended to the throne not long ago, had emotionally said such a paragraph: "Try to think of the former emperor used Li Wei, the emperor used Li Shijie, why not donate class origin. And successive Fengqi, outstanding performance. The court is no way to establish a wise man, is not that the person who enters the service with the cost of no one material?" ("qing real record jiaqing dynasty real record")

Three

Li Shijie's clean and honest, the qing dynasty dynasty and the field have been finalized.

In the 55th year of the Qianlong era, Yin Zhuangtu, the minister of the Ministry of Rites, sent a memorial to the Qianlong emperor, mainly to address the "discussion of the crime of silver" designed by Heshen. The so-called "discuss sin silver" means that officials who have committed a capital offense can be exempted from death by paying for it. Yin Zhuangtu asked Qianlong to "stop this practice forever". The "negotiation silver" actually involved Heshen's initiative to raise additional revenue for Qianlong, which Qianlong supported. For this reason, Qianlong was furious, repeatedly refuted the oracle, Yin Zhuangtu also repeatedly petitioned to state the truth. In anger, Qianlong specifically arranged for verification of local governors. Because of no evidence, finally, Yin Zhuangtu dismissed to stay in office. This matter involves a wide range of surface, a moment to become a major event shaking the capital. Among them, Yin Zhuangtu of a folding wrote: "the governors of the notorious, the official rule of relaxation, after Zhili, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Guizhou and other provinces, the body to observe whether the officials are virtuous or not, the businessmen and women half are all frowning and sighing, the provinces, by and large, all the same. Frontier ministers, but Li Shijie, Shu Lin alone." ("Qing Historical Manuscript" biography of one hundred and thirty)

Of course, the Qianlong dynasty is also the entire Qing dynasty to punish the corrupt officials of the greatest strength of the dynasty, from the "Qianlong dynasty to punish the corruption of the selected files," to the Qianlong forty-five years as the boundary: the first 44 years of the first and second-grade officials, 17 cases of corruption; after the 15 years of the 12 cases of corruption, and are the group of cases. Qianlong term of office, because of corruption was killed, scared to death of the first and second grade officials in no less than 20 cases. However, these did not fundamentally solve the problem. The flaws of the feudal system led to the worsening of the corruption problem in the late Qianlong period, which finally became a key factor in dragging down the Qing dynasty.

In 1830, Daoguang summoned Zhou Tianjue, who had moved to Shaanxi Buzheng Minister, and asked, "How is the governor's corruption as in the Qianlong Dynasty?" Zhou Tianjue free crown shook his head and said, "not as good as." And made some explanation: "Qianlong famous ministers such as Chen Hongmou, Yin Jishan, Li Hu, Li Shijie, its clean and practiced solid, followed by the conduct can be discussed, not to be a self-improvement, an official, an official thing are all invigorated, it is greed and clean all can do things also. Today, those who are strict and prudent are only bound by the grammar and qualifications, and those who are in the middle and lower ranks are even more depraved and careless, which means that both the corrupt and the honest are unable to do their work. Therefore, I thought it is not as good. Cover the governor is the border heavy mail, not a 'clean' word can be a thing. Where the whole body far from harm, seems to be no fault, and the disaster has not been issued, twenty years its people have gone, but the country and the people suffer from its ills, this can not be ignored." Daoguang for which "moved to say good" (Qing - Li Bin, "Zhongxing Farewell Records"). "Greed and integrity can not do" is the most obvious sign of the decline of a dynasty from strength to strength. Li Shijie such governor, there are some in the Qianlong, and to the Daoguang period, can do and clean early into a rarity.

Li Shijie "nature of the public clean", "each said: 'clean, virtues, but not thrifty to support clean.' Therefore, the residence is not a gorgeous house, food and taste, close to the body of the clothes, do not use thick waterproof silk, room without the treasures of the things, bamboo table, rope beds, Ge Doudou, cloth coverlet, such as also. Or there are persuaded to animal Ji concubine, Fu Jun said: 'I stride night and day, the spirit of the spirit is still worried about not giving, how can be divided with the powder white and green?'" (Li Hua Feng "Ronglu Daifu Military Department Shangshu posthumous Gongqin Xiankao Yunyan Fu Jun line") from the pacification of Jinchuan when the money and food without the slightest mistake, the Governor of Sichuan when the shortage of silver bank deficits and the removal of the official bad habits, to the refusal of Fukang'an diabolical transfer of the governor's treasury rates ...... he "Jiaozhi Pastoral Division of the appointment, grams of the Government Proof! ", with their own words and deeds, constantly practicing the cultivation of the body as the basis, the knowledge and action of the ancient teachings, his personality and integrity, his commitment and as a result, leaving too much for future generations.

Four

The academy is a unique carrier of our history to train readers. In the first year of Qianlong, specifically on the establishment of the academy, the mountain long to hire an imperial decree. A moment, the academy in the original basis for greater development. Although Li Shijie is not from the imperial examinations, but the importance of reading, every place must "cultivate the class, revitalize the culture and education". In addition to Zhenjiang governor took the lead in the initiative to donate the construction of the Baojin Academy, in his hometown, donated funds to create the Wenfeng Academy, there are three things about the school, the vision ahead of time, was far-reaching.

The first, the creation of the Middle River Academy. 1765, Li Shijie rise in Anhui Wuhu Road, at that time, Wuhu has been an important port city in Jiangnan. Get off a few days, that is the initiative of the local merchants and gentry donations to create the Middle River Academy, the school site was selected in the city outside the Henan Province not far from the Department of Cai Temple Lane. Initially built because of the small size of the academy, a few months time was built. In order to make the academy can be run for a long time, Li Shijie also summoned the local scholarly people, collectively purchased a piece of land, and then rented out to the outside world, to rent income as the school funds (Lv Junlong "Wuhu Zhongjiang Academy History"). Since then, Zhongjiang Academy has moved its site several times, changed its name several times, and experienced the changes of academy, school, and school, and has gone through many vicissitudes. Since its establishment, the academy has nourished and nurtured many readers, and was once one of the most important academies in the South. During the "May Fourth" period, the academy was called "Peking University" in Anhui, and Yan Fu, the president of Peking University, as well as Chen Duxiu, an early leader of China ****, and Wang Jiaxiang, an important leader of China ****, etc., were all enrolled here. Currently, that is, the first high school in Wuhu City.In 2019, the restored Wuhu Zhongjiang Academy was fully opened, covering an area of 12,000 square meters, with a floor area of 8,440 square meters, consisting of 21 ancient Huizhou-style buildings, which has become an important platform for the inheritance of history and culture in Anhui.

The second piece, hired Luo Dian as Yuelu Shuyuan mountain chief. Founded in the early years of the Song Dynasty, Yuelu Academy is one of the four famous academies in history. The couplet "Only Chu has talent, and the school is flourishing" hangs on the main gate of the school. Luo Dian (1709-1808) was a Hunanese who served as the examiner of Henan countryside examination and Shuntian countryside examination, as the governor of Sichuan Province, and as the junior secretary of Honglu Temple, and presided over the national imperial examinations for many times. Later, he returned to his hometown on the grounds of serving his old mother.

Luodian in Sichuan for the school government for three years, made outstanding educational performance. The Qing Dynasty Jiaqing years edited the "Sichuan Tongzhi" records: "...... over the city heard the sound of the book, always lower the carriage into the museum, for the lecture painting. There is a blasphemy system for those who commented on the Zi, Dian said: 'the school government job in the education, at any time and any place are all when the lecture, is not a serious evil of living in deep simplicity? Thesis like Qigu, the note of the scriptures also more amputation solution, but Zong Shang ancient note. The scholar of Shu knew that the Han scholars had started from the Canon. He was the author of eight volumes of "Reading Yi Guan Shi," which were published in Shu." Luo Dian just left, Li Shijie to Sichuan, should be heard of Luo Dian deeds.

In 1781, Li Shijie transferred to Hunan governor. He wanted to revitalize education in Hunan, then the Yuelu Academy as a breakthrough, returned to his hometown Luo Dian became his carefully identified object of the head of the mountain. It is said that Li Shijie visited Luo's house three times, and sincerely hired the educator who was over the age of 60. After receiving the letter of appointment, Luo Dian quickly took up his post and began the most brilliant career of his life (Luo Hong, "Hunan Family - Luo Clan of Gupin Chau").

Since 1782, Luo Dian has been the head of Yuelu Academy for five consecutive terms, a term of 27 years, which has resulted in the emergence of hundreds of talented people in the south of the Great Lake in the past 30 years, including those who have attained the rank of "A", those who have been promoted inside and outside the academy, those who have become filial piety, those who have learned the scriptures and those who have become famous for their behavior, talent and literature. Sheng of the wall, for never before" (Qing - Yan Ru Yu, "Honglu Temple, Mr. Luo Shenzhai, young secretary biography") of the situation. Among the famous students, there are "dry country good minister" Tao Shu, "to get the towering big Kui" Peng Joon, the author of the "sea state map" Wei Yuan, the official to the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou He Changling, head of the Yuelu Academy of education for 27 years Ouyang Houjun, and so on. During this period, nearly 50% of Hunan's graduates and about 60% of its jinshi came from Luo Dian's door. And Ouyang Houjun's disciples are Zeng Guofan, Guo Songtao and so on. Li Shijie in Hunan for more than a year, time is not long, but become Luo Dian's Bole, for the Yuelu Shuyuan invited to a good head of the mountain, into the late Qing dynasty Hunan's most brilliant educational situation.

The third, to help solve the problem of Guizhou students into the Beijing examination difficulties. 1790, the year has been 74 years old Li Shijie to the original product to serve. Before leaving the capital, Qianlong asked him what request. Li Shijie knew that Guizhou is a remote place, the cited to the Beijing examination, not only to raise money for the road is very difficult, but also high mountains and long distances, the journey is arduous, often delaying the time of the examination. Therefore, it is hoped that the court can help solve this difficulty. Qianlong was very moved, issued an imperial decree, requiring the provinces and counties along the way, where the Guizhou students to Beijing for the examination, to send the fire license. This provision has been implemented until the end of the Qing Dynasty when the abolition of the imperial examinations.

Five

Now when we talk about Li Shijie, often "do not understand the literature" as he did not read a lot of books as a concrete manifestation. Today, we still need to make some objective analysis.

From the important historical data, Qianlong said Li Shijie "do not understand the literature," in fact, only two times, and are aimed at two things: the first and the first thing, Qianlong forty-seven years in March, in the "Hunan governor Li Shijie all the Canglang Township Journal" a case of mediocrity to do! "of the imperial decree," the provinces to investigate the banned books, if all so fault-finding, fallacious accusations, will make people how to handle the hands and feet! This matter is always due to Li Shijie literature and reasoning, so that the handling of sticking to the inappropriate so." ("qing real record qianlong dynasty real record") "compiled four library encyclopedia file" "qing dynasty text prison file series" record and this is basically the same; the second and the second thing, qianlong fifty-two years in the first month of jiangsu, in the lack of nitrate and sulfur in jiangsu in the oracle, "li shijie has always been doing still careful, this is for this, it seems to be the governor is actually due to illness, the spirit of the blurred blurred indistinct indistinctions, was not literate, in the These things can not seriously check and answer, lightly listen to the contractor of the clan members and other words of artifice, let the mediocrity of the shady friends rate of repair folded into the report. Li Shijie was sent to the Ministry of Justice for severe punishment." ("the state dynasty senior offerings class levy first edited") at this time, Li Shijie in the two rivers governor. And later compiled the "Qing Historical Manuscripts" Li Shijie biography, it is written as "on each of its illiteracy, but repeatedly praised its ability to do things, courtesy of generous", giving the impression that there are many times. Therefore, later people see this sentence in the biography, did not seriously think about it, mistakenly believe that Li Shijie really has not been literate.

In terms of the second time and the second incident, will there be the problem of old age and mental trance, the gatekeeper is not strict? It is estimated that there is. But what Qianlong said the first time, should be a kind of warning and play on the subject, this oracle is about the handling of the text prison, is sent to Li Shijie, but also sent to the governors of various places, it actually shows a kind of policy shift. Here, it is necessary to briefly talk about the word prison in the Qing Dynasty. The word prison was the conviction of a person for a written work, and it was an important means of deterring officials and intellectuals. The word prison of the Qing dynasty began with the Kangxi. The Qianlong period had the most, with more than one hundred and thirty times. In fact, the Qianlong criticized Li Shijie "not literate", the real intention, it should be Li Shijie disposal of this matter, to remind the governors, the future should slow down, do not blow the dust!

On the other hand, if Li Shijie does not make sense, when he was supervising the transportation of rations and wages to lead the troops through the Sichuan Ya'an Flying Dragon Pass, is not to write "over the Flying Dragon Pass" such a poem: power? Spring shade brewing cold at dawn, the rain after the Lan Cui puff marching saddle. Horse treads on the circling clouds, and the peaks of Tantuo are like paintings. The village house smoke floating blue spike, stream bridge rock stirred clear turbulence. I'm not sure it's easy to get to the top, but I'm sure it's hard to get to the bottom.

The man has passed away, and his legacy lives on. Today, dressed in court dress, wearing a plume hat, waist sword Li Shijie statue, stands in Qianxi Shuisi Park under the Wenfeng Pagoda. His face resolute, deep vision, quietly staring ahead. In the not too far away from the tear mud dam in a place of beautiful scenery, Li Shijie long sleep here. After the restoration of the cemetery, the royal monument on the sacrificial text, silently telling the vivid and complex life course of his people. If there was no first step into the countryside, no growth in the many encounters, without the persistence and diligence, perhaps, he will "pity silence to empty old", annihilated in the rolling river of history. Bijie has Li Shijie such a sage, is the honor of Bijie!

-- from Qianxi release!