Classification of industrial clusters

According to the industrial nature of the cluster

Can be divided into three categories.

1. Traditional industrial clusters

High-tech industrial cluster

3. Industrial clusters combining capital and technology.

According to the characteristics of industrial organization structure

Generally, it can be divided into large, medium and small enterprises and small enterprises.

According to the function of the cluster

Generally, it can be divided into three categories, namely, traditional pure agglomeration mode, industrial complex mode and social network mode.

Another classification

In the study of industrial clusters, Peter Knorringa and Jorg Meyer—Stamer used Markussen's classification method for reference. According to the formation characteristics of industrial clusters, industrial clusters were divided into three types: Italian, satellite and axial.

Hidustrialcluster has two generally accepted definitions:

one

It is "a collection of companies and institutions that are interrelated and geographically concentrated in a specific field" (Porter, 1998).

Secondly,

It is: "In order to obtain new and complementary technologies, gain benefits from complementary assets and knowledge alliances, speed up the learning process, reduce transaction costs, overcome (or establish) market barriers, achieve synergistic economic benefits, and disperse innovation risks, enterprises (including professional suppliers) and knowledge production institutions (knowledge production agents, including universities, research institutions and engineering design companies), Intermediaries (including brokers and consultants) and customers are connected with each other through value-added chains to form a network, which is an industrial cluster "(J.A.Theo, Roelandt, andPimdenHertog, 1999

The former emphasizes the spatial agglomeration characteristics of clusters, while the latter emphasizes the network characteristics of clusters and the motivation and function of cluster formation.

Common appellation

"Cluster", "local enterprise", "local production rising", "regional cluster" and "industrial zone".

Their meanings are similar, which reflects the phenomenon of regional combination of enterprises on the basis of less business contact. It also represents a specific industrial community, and its citizens establish and maintain a business contact that is conducive to innovation and development based on historical social relations or socially recognized laws and ethics. Related terms also extend to "Loealinnovationmilieu" and "Regionalinnovationsystem".