Why is the Xia Dynasty said to be the first slavery dynasty in my country?

During the Xia Dynasty (approximately the end of the 22nd century BC to the beginning of the 21st century BC - approximately the beginning of the 17th century BC), Qi, the son of Dayu, abolished the traditional tribal "abdication" system, killed Yi and became king, and established the first empire in Chinese history.

The country was also the first slavery dynasty - the Xia Dynasty.

Its central area is in today's western Henan and southern Shanxi.

It is said that after Qi's death, Taikang ascended the throne, and there was a temporary regime change, which was the so-called "lost country".

After Shaokang Zhongxing, the Xia Dynasty was rebuilt.

By the time of Kong Jia's reign, the Xia Dynasty was in decline.

After that, three spreads reached Jie, and the Xia Dynasty perished.

Since the Xia Dynasty did not have written texts that were directly handed down, for a long time, understanding of it has mainly relied on records in ancient documents, including the kings, officials, armies, and prison conditions of the Xia Dynasty.

Since modern times, large palaces, tombs and many bronzes have been unearthed from the Erlitou Village site in Yanshi County, Henan Province, revealing from one aspect the political, economic, social, cultural, and life conditions of the Xia Dynasty as a slave system.

Xia lineage The monarchs of the Xia Dynasty are called Hou, Xiahou and Xiahou in ancient books, and some are also called emperors.

From the beginning to Jie Fan, there were thirteen generations, sixteen biographies, and a period of 472 years (one theory is 432 years), which is calculated by future generations.

1. Qi——2. Taikang——3. Zhongkang——4.

Release (shi) - 10. Not surrender - 11. Bian (bureau, Yu) - 12. Yin Jia - 13. Kong Jia - 14. Gao (Wu, Gao Gou) - 15. Fa (Fa)

Hui) - 16. In the late primitive society of the Lu Xia Dynasty, a tribal alliance led by Yao and Shun appeared in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

After Shun's death, Yu, the leader of the Xia tribe, became the leader of the tribal alliance.

However, after Yu's death, Yi, the original heir, was killed by Yu's son Qi (one theory is that Yi voluntarily gave way to Qi). From then on, the primitive social tradition of tribal leaders selecting alliance leaders changed to a hereditary surname, with the surname inherited after the death of the father and brother.

The monarchy inherited by the descendants established the first dynasty in Chinese history - Xia.

According to documentary records, the Xia Dynasty began in the 21st century BC and lasted for more than 400 years until it was destroyed by the Shang Dynasty in the 16th century BC.

The Xia people mainly live in central and western Henan and southern Shanxi. In recent decades, many cultural relics between the late Longshan culture and the early Shang culture have been discovered in this area, which is consistent with the age and region of the Xia Dynasty recorded in the literature.

conform to.

Among them, the first and second phases of the Erlitou culture, represented by the Erlitou site in Yanshi City, Henan, are recognized by academic circles as the remains of the Xia culture.

According to the literature, the capitals of Xia or the places where the monarchs lived include Yangcheng (now Gaocheng Town, southeast of Dengfeng City, Henan Province), Xunxun (southwest of Jiugong County, Gongyi City, Henan Province today), and Diqiu (now Puyang City, Henan Province).

), Yuan (now northwest of Jiyuan City, Henan Province), Laoqiu (now northeast of Kaifeng County, Henan Province), Xihe (now southeast of Anyang City, Henan Province), Yangzhai (now Yuzhou City, Henan Province), Anyi (now northeast of Xia County, Shanxi Province),

Places such as Pingyang (southwest of today's Linfen City, Shanxi Province) and Jinyang (southwest of today's Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province) roughly reflect the scope of Xia Dynasty's rule.

In 1960, large-scale palace building ruins were discovered at the Erlitou site, about 18 kilometers east of the old city of Luoyang, southwest of Yanshi City, Henan Province. Archaeologists may believe that it is the ruins of Zhen?

Henan".

There are many Yi tribes scattered to the east of the Xia tribe. The leaders of the Dongyi tribes, Hou Yi and Han Cu, became the rulers of the Xia Dynasty for a time. It was not until Shaokang and his son Zhu came to the throne that they eliminated the Yi tribe leaders, and the Xia Dynasty was revived.

The Fang states that existed in the summer include Youjian, Youxin, Youge, Youmin [mí n民], Youyu, Youhu, Guo, Han, Shang, Zhen [zēngzeng], Bo [bó thin], Ge, and Zhe

Guan, Sanfu [zōngzong], Kunwu, Wei, Gu, Tushan, Fangfeng, Ying, Liu, Chao, etc., and other surrounding ethnic groups include Laiyi, Jiuyi, Xunyu, Sanmiao, etc.