What are the legends of Valentine's Day in China?

The folks in wulongkou have been telling such a celestial myth with relish from generation to generation. On the southeast bank of Tianhe, there is a beautiful star called Altair. On both sides of Altair, there are two little stars called Ernv, which are not very bright. A little farther away from the Altair, there is a brighter star called the post star. On the north bank of Tianhe, the brightest star is Vega, and there is a spindle star on its side. Why are there these stars in the sky? This should start with the cowherd and weaver girl on the ground. There is a cowherd who has been herding cattle with his brother and sister-in-law since childhood. His sister-in-law always refuses to let him eat or wear warm clothes. But the cowherd made himself hungry, looked for wild fruits to eat, and stuffed the cows. One day, the cowherd took a sip of thin vegetable soup, and just arrived at the slope angle, the cow earned it and went home. Cowherd didn't know why, so he had to obey. When I came home, my sister-in-law was baking oil buns to eat! Sister-in-law felt ugly and scolded her. Before Cowherd knew what was going on, his sister-in-law threw the bowl in his face. The cowherd pulled the cow and cried as he walked. The cow licked the cow's arm gently and stared back at him. One day, my sister-in-law walked into the cowshed with a steaming bowl of egg white noodles. She said, "Brother! Don't be angry about what your sister-in-law did to you before. Seeing that you are old, can I treat you badly? Ha! Eat this bowl of rice quickly so that you can let the cows go. " Cowherd is an honest boy. He heard this from his sister-in-law, put it down and reached for it. The bull broke the halter, jumped into the noodle bowl and spilled the noodles all over the floor. Sister-in-law was so angry that she took out a big stick by the cow trough and tried to wear it out. The cow glared at her and jumped at her, then she put down her stick and ran away. The cowherd stopped the cow, and the cow spoke: "Cowherd! This noodle is poisonous. Look! " Cowherd saw that two hens pecked at noodles and died. Cowherd said, "Old cow, that was close!" The old cow said, "Your sister-in-law intended to harm you. You can't hide from the first day, but you can't hide from the fifteenth. When things come to this, the woman will break up with you in a minute. If she says what to do, you are right! Go south for a day after separation, and there will be a place to stay at night. " After a while, my sister-in-law really separated from Cowherd. Cowherd is at the mercy of his sister-in-law. Sister-in-law said, "When the old man died, he left no legacy. I raised you so much. It is said that you can go out alone. How can my sister-in-law stand it? " You two brothers are always raised by the same nipple! Give you a cow head office! "In fact, she gave it to the Cowherd because she was afraid of cows. Without saying anything, the cowherd led the cow south. They walked and walked until the sun went down, and they came to a small village with its back to a mountain. Cowherd went to spend the night. An old man in the village said that there are two new houses in the bamboo garden on the other side of the mountain, both of which are bamboo poles. They are often haunted and no one dares to live there. The cow nodded, and the cowherd thanked the old man and took the cow in to live. In the middle of the night, there was starlight in the room, and a tall man kicked the door open. The bull jumped up and knocked down the man. As soon as the man fell, there was a pile of money in front of the door. That tall man is a mountain god who looks at silver! Cowherd got the money, half bought a house, half bought a few acres of land, planted spring crops and harvested autumn crops, and lived a good life. One day, the cow said to the cowherd, "You are not young, why don't you marry a wife?" Cowherd said, "Niu Ge played a joke on me. We are all thumbs. Who is with us? "The old cow said," There are always a group of fairies bathing in the big pool after sunset in wulongkou. Go and hold the red skirt by the pool in your hand. " The cow whispered to him for a while, and they walked behind the mountain. When I came to the pool behind the mountain, I really saw a group of beautiful young girls playing with water by the pool. There is a pile of clothes on the slate by the pool. Cowherd took the reddest and freshest clothes, hid in the bushes and coughed twice again. As soon as the girls who were taking a bath heard that someone was coming, they quickly got dressed and tied their skirts, and left the earth lightly, and Yun Teng also left. A very handsome girl was left by the pool, and she was so anxious that she shouted, "Where's my skirt? Where is my skirt? " Cowherd came out of the Woods and said, "Sister, here is the skirt!" " "This girl is called the Weaver Girl, who is the servant girl of the Queen Mother and specializes in knitting rusty clothes for God. The weaver girl blushed and said, "Brother, how can I go home without my skirt?" It is said that a fairy can't ride a cloud without a skirt. Regardless of this, the cowherd ran home with his skirt in his arms, and the Weaver Girl had to follow. In this way, the cowherd and the weaver girl got married and became husband and wife under the agreement of the ox. Men plow and women weave, thrifty and thrifty, and life is very sweet. What about Niu Ge? He cries all day. Cowherd brought him mung bean soup, but it didn't smell it. The cowherd was anxious to ask what was going on, and the old cow said slowly, "I was a powerful god in the sky. I moved several mountains for the world, which broke the law and was demoted to an ox." I have made the Weaver Girl and you relatives again, and God will have to put me to death. After I die, you hang my meat on a tree and feed it to magpies. They are my friends. You peel off my skin again and make a pair of boots out of a handful of grass, so you can walk around in the clouds. "The cow said," Take a breath and die. "The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl wept bitterly and burned incense and paper for sacrifice. According to Niu Ge's instructions, they made cowhide into boots and hung the meat on the tree to feed the magpies. In three years, the weaver girl gave birth to two children, a man and a woman, which is gratifying. One day, the cowherd was working in the field when he heard a loud noise, and then a dark cloud appeared. The clouds are getting lower and lower, even the roof is groggy. He felt strange. When he came home, he saw the heavenly queen pulling the weaver girl out. The weaver girl clung to her body, and the two children were crying and pulling her skirt. Cowherd thumped his hoe on the ground and said, "What are you doing? The heavenly queen said, "I am the virgin of heaven!" "Come back from the Western Heaven and take her to apologize!" Cowherd straight stamp, "no! No way! Put her down. Put her down. Put her down! " The queen mother didn't listen, grabbed the weaver girl and a gust of wind went to heaven. The cowherd remembered the instructions when the cow died and was busy finding out the boots from the house and putting them on. As light as a swallow, he stepped into the clouds in midair. The two children cried even harder when they saw their mother leave and their father left. Cowherd hurried back, put the two children in two baskets, picked a pole, kicked it, left the ground and went after Weaver Girl. Chasing after chasing, I saw the Queen Mother and the Weaver Girl through the cracks in the clouds. The queen mother pulls forward, the weaver girl earns back and looks back. Cowherd's teeth bite, and his steps are bigger. When the Queen Mother saw that the Cowherd was catching up, she quickly took out a golden hairpin from the bun and pulled it out. A mighty river stopped the Cowherd. Cowherd tried to run across the river, but he couldn't get up. It turned out that he was too flustered to put the grass in his boots. Cowherd has no strength to swim across the river, but he can't swim. When he was in a hurry, he saw a cow spindle head in the bamboo basket, and he threw it at the Weaver Girl with all his strength. The head of the cow spindle falls right next to the Weaver Girl. The cowherd shouted, "Don't forget me when you see the shuttle head!" "Weaver girl hurriedly took out the woven durian from her sleeve and threw it at the cowherd. She also said: "I will come to see you on the seventh day of every month!" " "The weaver girl's hand is not allowed, and the durian she weaves falls far away. Cowherd only cares about picking and weaving durians, and listens to the seventh day of July every month. Wulongkou folklore: On the seventh day of July every year, in the dead of night, standing under a grape trellis or a loofah trellis, you will hear cowherd and weaver girl whispering on the magpie bridge. Now the Altair, Vega, Spindle and Pomegranate in the sky are all made by the Altair when chasing Vega. There are two little stars on one side of Altair, which are a pair of children of Weaver Girl!

Xi 'an Doumen Town Folk-custom

Shi Ye Shibei, an artistic treasure of Han Dynasty. According to historical records, the origin of the stone statue of Cowherd and Weaver Girl is that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty dug the first artificial river in China's history-Kunming Pool, and he compared it to the Milky Way in the sky. In order to welcome the astronomical phenomena, statues of cowherd and weaver girl were carved on both sides of the river. With the humanoid Cowherd and Weaver Girl, the folk love story of Cowherd and Weaver Girl is gradually deduced. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were "Altair all the way, Han women along the Jiao Jiao River". Delicate hands, Zazanong loom; There is no chapter all day, and tears are pouring down. What's the difference between a clear river and a shallow one? The ancient poem "Ying Ying Yi Shui, the pulse is silent" describes their love. With the accumulation of time, more and more poems praise their love, and Tanabata has gradually become China's "Valentine's Day". The Cowherd and the Weaver Maid were carved in the Han Dynasty. According to textual research, in the third year of Emperor founding ceremony, namely 120 BC, in order to conquer the southwest countries, Emperor Wu dug a Kunming pool to train the water army in Doumen Street, Chang 'an District, and erected stone statues of the Cowherd and the Weaver Maid on the east and west sides of the pool, facing each other across the pool, taking the legendary "river full of water without words" and the wonderful legend about the Cowherd and the Weaver Maid has been widely circulated in China since then. 1956, "Master Shi and Shipo Statue" was listed as the first batch of provincial key protected cultural relics. Xijing Fu written by Zhang Heng, a great scientist in Han Dynasty, records the mysterious sites of Kunming Lingfen and Heishui. Weeks are surrounded by golden dikes, and trees are lined with willows. Yu Ting revealed the truth. Petunia stands on its left, Weaver is on its right, and the sun and moon are like hibiscus and lemon. Among them are giant turtles, carp, horseshoe crab, horseshoe crab shark, short forehead and broken nose. Ban Gu, the historian and author of Hanshu, recorded in Journey to the West: "It is a collection of Yu Zhang's sentences." There is a cow on the left and a girl weaving on the right, like a boundless cloud. It is recorded in Huainanzi, Santu and Guangji, and he died at the age of. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, that would be terrible. Both Tang Dynasty and Love chose to swear to the moon on the night of the seventh day of July. On the seventh day of the seventh month, in the palace of longevity, we secretly told each other in the silent midnight world that we wanted to fly in heaven, and two birds grew together on the earth with one wing, two branches of a tree. ! This statue is located in Doumen Town, Chang 'an District, Xi 'an. People call it "the statue of Shipo and Shiye". Every year on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, thousands of tourists gather in temples to pray for happy love.

The legend of Yiyuan people

"The Milky Way is in the sky and the Yi River is underground." This is a folk saying circulating in Yiyuan County, Shandong Province. The "Galaxy" mentioned here is the Milky Way in the sky, and the "yi river" is a river with a total length of 574 kilometers originating from Yiyuan County, Shandong Province. This statement originated from a sad love story in China: the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. -Inscription China is a country with a vast territory, rich resources and a long history, which contains extremely rich national cultural heritage among the people. Among them, Cowherd and Weaver Girl, Meng Jiangnv, Butterfly Lovers and Legend of the White Snake are the four most distinctive, widespread and influential folk stories in China. The last three stories all have their own origins, and the hometown of the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl has always been controversial. Moreover, it puts heaven and earth on one level, which is the most special of the four legends. The legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl began with the records of "You are the Weaver Girl" and "You are the Cowherd" in The Book of Songs Dadong. Nineteen ancient poems, jumping between cowherd and weaver girl, were once called cowherd and weaver girl. Ying Shao's "Custom Pass" Wen Yi: "Weaver crossing the river on Tanabata, making a magpie bridge. According to legend, on the seventh day, the magpie was hungry for no reason, because Liang Yi also passed the Weaver Girl. " According to relevant experts' research, the geographical position described by the "Dadong" of the Zhou Dynasty in the Book of Songs spans Linzi and Qufu, Shandong Province, while Yiyuan County, located in the upper reaches of yi river, is just between Linzi and Qufu, which is the core area of "Dadong" geographically. Today's Weaver Girl Cave in Daxian Mountain, Yanyan Township, Yiyuan County and the Cowherd Temple across the river are the most consistent places with the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl. Its original construction date can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty in China. It is the only ancient building site in China with the theme of the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl, and it has a monopoly position in similar resources in China. The story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl spread all over the world and became a household name. Where it is, but almost no one knows. After many researches by experts and scholars, it is found that the story of "Cowherd and Weaver Girl" originated from Yanya Township, Yiyuan County, Shandong Province. First of all, there are real scenes in the local area. Yanya Township, Yiyuan County, Shandong Province, has the only rare landscape and ancient architecture site in China-the Zhinv Cave and the Niulang Temple built in the Tang Dynasty. The two are far away from each other across the Yi River, and the landscape pattern on both sides of the river echoes the "Altair-Galaxy-Vega" in the sky from a distance, with striking similarities, forming a unique landscape of harmony between heaven and earth and magic of heaven and earth. Niulang Temple was originally a two-story attic building. After many renovations, it has begun to take shape, with three halls, blue bricks and green tiles, painted arches and magnificent buildings. There are statues of cowherd and their children in the main hall of the temple, and there is a statue of Taurus next to it. In the courtyard, the cypresses are towering, quiet and chic. Among them, "Yi River" and "Yinhe" have excellent homophony. Secondly, there are people living there. The village next to Niulang Temple is called Niulang Guanzhuang. Most people in the village are surnamed Sun, just like Cowherd (Sun Shouyi). This village existed in the Ming Dynasty. The villagers claimed to be the descendants of Cowherd and passed on the story of Cowherd and Weaver Girl from generation to generation. Up to now, it still follows the custom of sericulture, weaving and taking double seven waters. Third, it is recorded in the literature. As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Book of Songs Xiaoya Dadong recorded that "Gang (Qi) is a weaver girl" and "Huan is a cow". According to the survey, Dadong is located in the east of Taishan, Linzi and Qufu, and its core location is Yiyuan. Fourth, the stone tablet witnesses. There are many stone tablets on the whole Daxian Mountain in Yanyan Township, Yiyuan County, only because they have been destroyed before, and only a few pieces are well preserved, but all the contents engraved on the stone tablets are more or less related to the cowherd and the weaver girl. There is a stone tablet that records the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl beautifully and clearly. This stone tablet was erected in the twentieth year of Jiaqing. The two poems carved on the stone tablet were called "Climbing Weaver Girl" by Wang Songting. The third sentence and the fourth sentence of the poem are "as if the Milky Way fell from the sky, and cows and girls came to earth faintly". Very vividly describes the artistic conception of the formation of heaven and earth. There is also a stone tablet, The Story of the Weaver Girl Cave, which was erected in the seventh year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1579). Inscription records: "Tang Zhiyun people crossed the valley and heard the sound of sucking the machine in the cave, hence the name of the Weaver Girl", which is the origin of the Weaver Girl. It means that in the Tang Dynasty, someone passed by and heard the sound of a tying machine in the cave, thinking that the weaver girl was weaving, so this fairy cave of the weaver girl was built. The second sentence of the inscription-"Niugong was built on the other side, so it looks like a natural elephant." Furthermore, according to textual research, there are natural and geological wonders such as Zhinv Spring, Zhinv Terrace (Tiansuntai), rare Ginkgo biloba leaves and angle unconformity in the scenic spot of the Cowherd and Zhinv, all of which are related to the legend of the Cowherd and Zhinv and have strong cultural color. Ginkgo biloba is unique in China and very rare in the world. The fruit of Ginkgo biloba leaves grows on the leaves. Strangely, not all the fruits on this tree grow on the leaves. Only the fruit on this branch is ginkgo biloba, which is a beautiful branch, bending over the lifeless temple near the Weaver Girl Cave. These fruits account for about 20% of this tree, and this branch is just in the direction of the Weaver Girl Cave. Perhaps this is the testimony of the old tree to the love of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. In the Cowherd and Weaver Girl Scenic Area, Daxian is 532 meters above sea level, with a forest coverage rate of 96%, cliffs, rugged boulders, pine and cypress forests and excellent ecological environment. The Yi River is like a belt under the Daxian Mountain. The water feature of the "Galaxy on the Ground" is 3 kilometers long, forming a water surface of more than 500,000 square meters. Due to the high harmony and unity of natural resources and human culture, Shandong Yiyuan is called "the hometown of cowherd and weaver girl, the origin of China's love culture" by experts.

Nanyang folk custom

Tanabata is the day when Cowherd and Weaver Girl meet at the Magpie Bridge. It is said that Niulang is an orphan in Niujiazhuang, Nanyang City, and lives with his elder sister-in-law. Sister-in-law Ma Shi is very mean and often abuses him. He was forced to split up and live on an old cow. This old cow is very psychic. One day, the weaver girl and the fairies took a bath together in the river. The old cow advised the cowherd to get the clothes of the weaver girl, and the weaver girl became the wife of the cowherd. After marriage, they farm and weave, have a son and a daughter, and live a very happy life. Unexpectedly, the Emperor of Heaven discovered this matter and sent the Empress Dowager to escort the Weaver Girl back to heaven for trial. The old cow couldn't bear to see their wife and children separated, so she touched the horn on her head and turned it into a boat for the cowherd to chase with her children. On the verge of catching up with Weaver Girl, the Queen Mother suddenly tore off the golden hairpin on her head and drew a rolling galaxy in the sky. Cowherd can't cross the river, so he can only look at the river and cry with Weaver Girl. Their faithful love touched magpies, and countless magpies flew in and built a colorful bridge on the Tianhe River with their bodies, so that the cowherd and the Weaver Girl could meet on the Tianhe River. The Queen Mother had no choice but to allow the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl to meet at the Queqiao once a year on July 7th.

Xi' an folk custom

According to textual research, in the third year of founding ceremony, Liang Wudi, namely 120 BC, in order to conquer the southwest countries, Liang Wudi dug a Kunming pool for training the water army in Doumen Street, Chang 'an District, Xi 'an today, and set up stone statues of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl on the east and west sides of the pool, facing each other across the pool, which means that the legendary Cowherd and the Weaver Girl River is "full of water and its pulse cannot be said". The wonderful legend about the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl has been widely circulated in China since then. For a long time, the local people have always called these two stone statues "Shi Ye" and "Shipo". Over time, many people don't know that these two stone statues are the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl who symbolize the traditional loyal love in China. 1956, "Master Shi and Shipo Statue" was listed as the first batch of provincial key protected cultural relics.