Watercolor Brush Painting Technique

Watercolor Brush Painting Techniques

Watercolor painting is a method of painting by mixing transparent pigments with water. So do you know what are the techniques of watercolor painting? The following is my carefully prepared watercolor brush painting techniques, you can refer to the following content Oh!

1. Overlapping method

Overlapping method is a watercolor painting history of the most common, the most mature, the most excellent tradition, a long history of techniques, and some people translated into overlapping method. Overlay method from the sixteenth century Durer (Durer) flora and fauna paintings, landscapes, seventeenth-century Flanders painters of idyllic landscapes sketches, people watercolor works, eighteenth-century Frankish dynasty opaque watercolor court figures, nineteenth-century watercolor landscapes in the United Kingdom idyllic, there are many overlapping veins can be traced, is the most robust, the most fundamental techniques in watercolor painting.

What is the superimposed color method, as the name suggests, is the color from light to deep, a hook to stack up the law called, in terms of technology, in the first pen after the color is dry, and then according to the order of light and dark plus the second, the third pen, the color in the overlap of many times, you can produce a clear three-dimensional sense of space and brush strokes mean.

The advantage of the stacked color method is that the painter can be painted step by step, one stroke at a time, time control on the gauge can be followed, unlike the rendering method, the stacked color method can not be pre-wet the paper is not subject to the limitations of the drying time of the paper, as a whole, you can show the shape of the object, the difference between the host and the guest, the light is bright, the size of the contrast in a well-organized manner, there is no opportunist accidental conditions, and does not show the nature of the game! White. Spoon ambiguity, the pursuit of certainty, correctness, understanding, rationality, constancy, the character of the law, reason and emotion both, realistic and strong.

The shortcomings of the superimposed color flow in stubborn, trivial, habitual, conservative, lack of creativity, no chance to get a new interesting, no unexpected effect.

In the Western watercolorists, the application of overlapping color method, there are many, such as John Marin (John Marin), Marck (Franz Marc), Kandinsky (Kandinsky) and so on.

2. Rendering

The so-called rendering, that is, watercolor on wet paper dyeing, the formation of a wonderful and special washout, seepage effect of the painting method, and the superimposed color method to take the opposite technique, the rendering method of the study of the effect is not dry, anti-definitive, and presents a Menglong, wet, soft, penetration, fuzzy, ill-defined special effect, in the watercolor painting, in the watercolor painting, the effect is not dry, anti-definitive, and present the Menglong, wet, soft, penetration, fuzzy, unidentified. The effect, in watercolor painting, can best show the drenching, smooth and natural, soft and beautiful feeling, especially the most suitable for watercolor this characteristic of the pigment technique.

Rendering method, the most important principle is by the pigment in the water and paper level to produce diffusion, penetration, showing a charming color seepage feeling effect, in terms of skill, decided on the humidity of the water to produce seepage and expansion of the degree of difference, and different effects, rendering process subject to different, the application of the focus is also different, due to the success or failure of the rendering depends on the moment of the humidity control of the water, and therefore, the rich family must be very skilled, otherwise rendering failure, affecting the content of the empty space. Otherwise, the rendering fails, affecting the content of the void, the shortcomings of no cover.

Rendering method has the advantage of a strong abstract expression, and has a far-reaching realm, elegant, calm, mysterious, ethereal, corresponding to the real and virtual, serene, infinite atmosphere, is one of the characteristics of transparent watercolors.

In painting the rendering method, the drawing paper is fixed to the board, preferably placed at an angle of inclination, the quality of the paper should be good, and the amount of water is properly controlled, before the painting, the artist must think carefully, after a good idea, before proceeding to the scene in the heart of the de-cluttering of the essence of the complexity of the return to the simplicity of the constraints towards ease, from the figurative to the beauty of the abstract, so that we can be very appropriate to enter the rendering of the meaning of the situation, with the rendering method. Rendering method will be the first paper, with a goat hair or brush with water in the paper brush wet, or directly immersed in water, out of the swept on the board, and so the humidity gradually dry to a certain extent, and then dipped in pigment coloring, the pigment and the pigment will be in the water in the diffusion of each other, infiltration, resulting in fascinating effects, the most easy to express the foggy, misty, misty scenery, and to achieve the atmosphere of the real like a phantom.

3. Paint method

The progress of Western painting history, before the emergence of impressionistic expressionism, has always been to rely on nature and imitation of visual observation of the object's appearance as a way of expression, Cézanne put forward a theory of painting, and the emergence of paint method.

Cézanne emphasized that there are three basic forms of objects, circular, conical, and cylindrical, and that these three forms, in fact, are only divided into "surface" factors on the screen. Previously, traditional paintings used the air near and far method, and the perspective method to determine the contours, and the light and darkness to express the three-dimensional sense of the screen, and after this "surface" factor was put forward by Cézanne, watercolor painters adopted the new ways of planarization, shaping, and color. After this "surface" factor was introduced by Cézanne, watercolorists adopted a new way of expression of flatness, shape, and color, and came out with a new style, which is called plein air.

Paint method is to use the brush to fill the color piece by piece to the picture division, not overlap, not rendering, medium limit clear, when the brush, direction, brush strokes, texture to a minimum, or even no, each piece of color block of color is absolutely uniform, to achieve a kind of cold, monotonous, hard, contrast, regularity, and the effect of uniformity. The greatest contribution of the plein air method is to reform the naturalism of obedience, calmness and natural formation, and to fully express the characteristics of modern technology and industrial civilization.

The plein air painting method implements the absolute concept of "surface", combining surfaces to form a body, which can not only be used to express the figurative and abstract "fields", but also has an absolute abandonment of emotion, abandonment of artifice, the sweetness of artifice, and presents a stable, balanced, contrasting, organized, rational and bitter realm.

4. Faint Color Method

Faint color painting is the beginning of watercolor painting, the most primitive method, at that time, only as a painter painting oil painting before the sketching practice, its purpose is only as a composition, coloring levels, image of the form, proportion, movement of the record and memo, the first use of a hard pen, pencil, graphite to make the outline of the line, and then draw the shadows. After the invention of the sketch pen, needle pen, also added to the artifacts of painting, sketching outline formation, and then adjusted to the watercolor, featuring a simple fluidity of the intensity of the color display role, light color plus the bottom line of the outline, presenting a bright and breezy role and style.

Faint paintings were prevalent in Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and extended into the eighteenth century, when they were replaced by opaque watercolors in France. After the twentieth century, there was a period of silence in the middle of the blank, and the emergence of modern painting concepts in the twentieth century, which pulled light paintings from the eighteenth century with a new interpretation, and in the new, avant-garde concepts, which were also used in Abstract Expressionism.

5. Boneless Method

Boneless method, is a method of expression in Chinese painting, somewhat similar to the rendering method mixed with the performance of the sewing method, but also its own style, which is just a different from the Chinese painting fine-drawing (double-hooked) method of techniques, in the spirit of the watercolor paintings of the brush strokes of the technology is similar to the watercolors pay attention to the use of the brush, with the simplest hooks, the use of the brush, and the use of the brush strokes, with the simplest hooks.

The difference between watercolor and Chinese painting lies in the use of brushes. The boneless method is based on the characteristics of Chinese brushes, which are more versatile and superior to the round brushes used in watercolors, which leads to the versatility and ingenuity of the boneless method.

As many watercolorists are y aware of the various functions of the brush, and have become very accustomed to using the brush to express their skills in watercolor painting, coupled with the emergence of modern ink painting and watercolor painting, there is a tendency for the gradual integration of the techniques, so the use of the bone-less method is especially proposed to the watercolor paintings of the excellent role, for reference and learning.

6. Dry brush method

Watercolor painting, the application of dry brush technique, the development and history are relatively short, due to the closer to the modern era, the more complex the way of life, so the more complicated the painting techniques due to the needs and requirements of the constant complexity of the painters to pursue the goal of innovation, complexity, in the history of watercolor techniques, superimposed color method, In the history of watercolor technique, the stacking color method, light dyeing method developed earlier, sewing method, rendering method, followed by dry brush, painting method, Opal, Pupu method belongs to the skills developed only in recent times.

Before the nineteenth century. Few people use the dry brush method of painting, the twentieth century, dry brush method are prevalent in the United States, in Chinese painting in landscape painting using dry brush techniques that is a lot of, such as chapping in the axe chopping chapping, rocky hundred gaps in the stone pattern, the old tree plate root section of the branches of the bark pattern, the distant mountains of the chaotic chafing, broken chapped, decoupled chafing, the feet of the waterfalls of the snow seams bordering the use of the dry brush method are examples of the use of the dry brush method.

Dry brush method is the use of brush hair to reduce water, and with the side of the front, up and down, left and right to promote, and even the pen will be turned, tumbling, rolling, pressurized, axe, and other ways to vertical and horizontal in the drawing of the paper, usually used to draw the old wall, the pale strength of the wood and stone, rotting branches, worn objects, are very good performance object.

The United States in the twentieth century, the most famous dry brush performance of the painters are Sargent (Sargent), Weiss (Andrew Wyeth), Marin (John Marin), our painter Blue Yinding, European Klee (Klee), Schiele (Schiele), Bassin (Jules Pascin) and so on.

7. Opaque method

Opaque method, generally set as a direct adherence to the articulated oil painting expression, this statement is not right or wrong, and it only explains its use in the painting techniques, but the opaque pigment, the scope of which includes a wide range of wet, such as resin watercolor, egg tempera, gouache, cheese color, acrylic, etc. are opaque pigments. The range of opaque pigments includes a wide range, such as resin watercolor, tempera, gouache, cheese color, acrylic, and so on.

The characteristic of opaque method is to give up the transparency of pigment and water for painting, and do not need to leave the white effect, use the thick coating and thickly applying the pigment layer by layer, not by the order of light and deepening, arbitrarily adding color in various depths, deepening by light, deepening by light, and adding light by deep can be done, and the component of adding water can be reduced to the minimum, and there is no transparency in the color of watercolor, and the use of multi-color can produce the coordination of pigment and pigment, and eliminating the need to grasp the water, time, opportunity, penetration, and the importance of watercolors. It is not necessary to grasp the moisture, time, opportunity, penetration, rendering effect and other troubles, free color, not time constraints, a painting can be modified at any time, so there will be no fear of failure, in fact, in terms of painting skills, there is no big difference between it and oil painting.

The history of opaque watercolor painting is very long, can be traced back to three thousand years ago, Egyptian tomb frescoes in the era of the ancient dynasties, the Roman era, the Catholic Mass of the decorative pages of the paintings are opaque watercolors of the precedent of the sixteenth century Dulère also used resin watercolors, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Europe's prevalence of small-scale portraits are also opaque watercolors on board, many modern painters, most of the current At present, many modern painters use a mixture of transparent watercolors and techniques to create a new realm of modern watercolors, just for the sake of its subjective effect.

8. Wet color method

This method, also known as wet in wet method, wet the paper once or even several times, and then proceed to paint, and rendering method is different in that the rendering method is not in the wet stacked color, and wet in wet in wet color many times stacked color, and free to paint in a variety of ways, resulting in a rigorous watercolorists can not accept the absurdity of the feeling.

Wet on wet, wet on wet, many times in wet color, and free to paint in various ways, creating a sense of absurdity that the rigorous watercolorist could not accept.

Wet in wet method, very free to color in the wet color, do not care about the characteristics of the brush, do not care about the color overflow outside the contour line, different wet color on the wet color superimposed on the different wet color, brush strokes fluffy, there is no card theory of the method of painting, different humidity, different time, different amount of pigment, different colors, different strokes weight, free and easy to express on the paper, which can produce a lot of changes in the color layer and the effect of fantasy.

9. Stitching

Stitching is the technique of combining many localized rendering blocks to form a systematic and neat picture, which is called stitching, and it may be difficult to understand, so let's describe it in more detail.

Regardless of how we interpret the picture, when we compose the picture, the picture is bound to form a systematic combination of many local squares into a single organization, and then many organizations into a system, and then many systems into a single unit, the beginning of watercolor painting is usually a color overlap method to interpret the small local space, and then combined into a medium organization, and the stitching method is the rendering of the interpretation of small local space, each rendered space is a small local space. The space of each rendering has its similarity, similar small local rendering space group will be combined into a system, showing the work of the system, and each rendering of the living space and local space, in order to avoid the two color penetration weakened the shape of the integrity of the formation of the defeat, so there will be a micro-seam when the color dries up, and then appropriately deal with the white gap, so it is called sewing method.

The characteristics of the stitching method are sufficient color changes, bright and vivid, light strokes, light and dexterous characteristics, free and bright, if there is sufficient power, with skilled technology, the work is very rich in lyricism, romantic meaning.

The stitching method is a product of the modern watercolor painting world in the twentieth century. The basic method is to use dry paper for painting, without a base color, so the picture can retain a higher degree of color blocking, and is commonly used to depict landscapes, people, still lifes, flowers, and other subjects.

10. Egg tempera

Egg tempera (Tempera), the meaning of this term to the European medieval painters used to a form of painting, the meaning of a variety of colors with water grinding, plus gum or animal glue, will be adjusted to a paste of opaque pigments, many types of glue, which is adjusted to the yolk of the pigment more painters. They are accustomed to, in the Middle Ages, religious painters have been very common use.

Egg tempera is a kind of opaque pigment, this ancient technology, can be traced back to the third millennium BC Egyptian dynasty era of the king's tomb frescoes, it is the egg tempera painting the oldest one.

Modern painting called tempera painting, as the name suggests, with egg yolk as the medium, and color, to paint, because the yolk as a medium for the works, can be a long time and does not change color, much less like lime color, cheese color cracking, flaking phenomenon that occurs, and can maintain the bright colors, in this advantage, tempera paintings are valued, and re-endowed with a formal value of the form. Egg tempera paintings are characterized by delicate color layers, precise structure, can be extremely detailed depiction, layered, thick and has an elegant and charming classical flavor, exquisite and detailed.

The production of egg tempera and the way of painting, in recent times by the American painter Andrew Weiss endowed with new techniques and new ways of painting. Weiss endowed with new techniques and content, shocked the world of painting, popular in the domestic trend, only gradually took root in the country, egg tempera painting is not as common as watercolor, the reason may be a busy industrial and commercial era, the painter really does not have much leisure modulation of egg tempera, gesso substrate, and gradual stacking of colors, to complete the complex works.

The formalities involved in the production of tempera paintings are indeed very complicated, and can be divided into the following steps:

(1) Gesso backing: used in place of watercolor paper, gesso backing made of dry wood or plywood as a base, will be immersed in water and boiled non-crystalline gypsum mixed with glue, warmed and coated on the backing, and then after drying, and then sanded with fine sandpaper with a fine zero until the surface is smooth, in order to facilitate the painting.

(2) modulation of egg color: the fresh eggs will be broken, filtered out the egg white, carefully tear off the yolk translucent membrane with fingernails, and then poke the yolk membrane with a needle, take out the pure yolk, add an equal amount of distilled water, three to five drops of flaxseed or Copal VArnish water (Copal VArnish), as well as a drop of vinegar, stir evenly for five minutes, to the state of white, it becomes the yolk mordant.

Add a drop of formaldehyde to the yolk mordant, seal it and store it in the refrigerator for two or three weeks, and the yolk mordant can be used to modulate the pigment to paint on the gessoed substrate.

(3) pigments: tempera paintings are powdered pigments, there are a variety of different colors, there are also painters ready-made watercolor paint plus some bright oil, linseed oil, peppermint oil can be painted.

Egg tempera painting, basically, is a little transparent, so it can not cover too dark draft lines, so the tempera painting draft, can not be ink directly on the gesso board, first another drawing paper, and then graphite paper covered in gesso board, will be added to the drawing paper on which the pencil topography down, the lines are simple and clear, and then afterward, with a feather or gauze to whisk off the graphite powder. After the sketch is done, then come back to the drawing.

The delicate nature of egg tempera painting makes it more sensible than emotional, not allowing large brush strokes, but needing to be delicate and repetitive, thick and thin application, dark and then light or light and then dark can be. When the painting is finished, the pigment dries completely and a layer of wax is applied to the surface as a protective layer.

11. Acrylic watercolor

Acrylic painting is a new technique of modern painting, this century, the pigment manufacturers are constantly looking for a fast-drying and non-tarnishing new material, the result of turpentine modulation of soluble acrylic color and the formation of a new acrylic pigment, in 1947 for the first time, on sale. In 1953, the invention of water-soluble acrylic pigments.

The holding property of acrylic pigment is fast drying, the picture is smooth and oily, naturally presenting a uniform effect, the pigment fixation is good, the color of the color is not easy to change, the effect is calm and stable, clear and convenient, regardless of the thin application or thick coating, it is easy to dry, and in the painting and coating technology and has the characteristics of oil painting. It can be painted on the surface of any object, which is an excellent modern product.

When painting acrylic, should pay attention to a few key points:

(1) color palette is best made of glass material palette is appropriate, after use, palette, brushes, knives and other tools should be rinsed with water, do not use soapy water, so as not to produce a hardening effect.

(2) acrylic pigment with the use of a lot of agents, for painters who like to paint with acrylic pigments should be more familiar with, such as glossy coatings, gelatinous materials, delay agent, gypsum powder, molding paste and other mixed materials, can produce many special effects.

(3) Tube acrylic paint, you can buy in the paint store, its color and watercolor paint color has some basic differences, so before painting, do not preconceived watercolor samples as the standard to apply, but to a new mood to adapt to it.

(4) painting acrylic watercolor paintings with brushes, available oil paintbrush, or nylon brushes made specifically for acrylic paint, categorized as follows: F (sub-flat, square-ended, long-haired) No. 2, 6, 10. B = velvet coquettish pen (sub-flat, square-ended, short-haired) No. 4, 8. R = round pen, bristles, Western sable hair No. 3, No. 4. L = long brush, sable hair, 10, etc.

(4) Acrylic watercolors can be used to paint with oil paintbrushes, or specifically for the acrylic production.

(5) acrylic watercolor paint is a product of modern painting civilization, more suitable for the expression of modern art materials than any pigment, is gradually accepted and loved by painters, and fully express the mood of modern people, watercolor painters in the painting of watercolors, you may also want to try the effect of acrylic paint, there will be an effect that you can not expect to produce.

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