What are the national intangible cultural heritage projects in Qinghai Province?

1, Thangka is known as the "encyclopedia" of Tibetans and a precious intangible cultural heritage in China folk art.

A. The drawing requirements of Thangka are strict and the procedures are extremely complicated. It must be carried out in accordance with the rituals in the scriptures and the requirements of the guru, including a whole set of technological processes such as pre-painting ceremony, canvas making, composition and drawing, coloring and dyeing, hook line setting, gold painting and silver painting, eye opening, splicing and mounting.

B, the pigments are precious mineral gems and plants such as saffron, rhubarb and indigo to show their sacredness. These natural materials ensure that the painted Thangka is bright and dazzling, and it is still bright and bright after hundreds of years. It takes a long time to make a thangka, from half a year to more than ten years.

2. Laoyeshan Flower Festival was listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage in May 2006.

A, originated in the Ming Dynasty, is a large-scale folk song singing activity held in Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County of Qinghai Province on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month. After hundreds of years of development, with the activity of "going up the mountain to wave", it gradually evolved from the initial entertainment of offering sacrifices to the gods to a large-scale folk activity focusing on entertainment.

B, there are two forms of singing in Laoyeshan Flower Festival, one is spontaneous mass singing, and the other is organized singing competition. The singing is based on Hehuang Huaer, and singers of all ethnic groups compete on the same stage and sing flowers in Chinese. The content is mainly about singing about love life, and also involves religion, folk customs, productive labor, historical stories, new people and new things.

3. The paper-cut remains of Hehuang in the eastern agricultural area of Qinghai. Paper-cutting is used to decorate gifts and express emotions whenever festivals or weddings are held.

Its content and style are mainly traditional folk patterns, characterized by vigorous and rough, not refined and not finely carved. In the color design of paper-cutting art, there are always some small skills of color design, such as "red, green and auspicious" and "red and green flowers", which make paper-cutting have symbolic significance such as light, hope and vitality.

4. Tapestries with teeth belong to Amdo Tibetan carpets and are widely distributed. According to historical records, tapestry with teeth matured in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

Its raw materials come from naturally stocked Tibetan wool, cashmere, yak hair, camel hair, etc. There are many kinds of toothed Tibetan carpets with exquisite craftsmanship. Wool is not easy to be damaged by low temperature dyeing and washing with plant dyes. The woven blanket has bright color and good elasticity, and has high artistic value, historical and cultural value, practical value and commercial value.

The production of silverware and bronzes in Huangzhong has a long history of hundreds of years, including daily utensils, ornaments, musical instruments and religious articles. Huangzhong silverware is famous for its thin, bright, soft and pure quality and exquisite craftsmanship. Influenced by Buddhist culture, artists often use "Eight Auspiciouss" as decorative patterns, which have high aesthetic value.

6. The clay sculptures of folk paintings in Huangzhong are exquisite in craftsmanship, lifelike in character modeling, dynamic and delicate, and bright and natural in posture.

Most of them are large Buddha statues. On the basis of inheriting the sculpture art of Han and Tibetan Buddhism, clay sculpture has been continuously integrated into local traditional beliefs and national aesthetics, forming a unique artistic style.

Compared with other clay sculptures, the colored sculptures in Huangzhong pay attention to the collocation of colors, which are bright and solemn, vividly reflecting the characteristics and dignity of each Buddha statue.

7. Regong art is an important part of Tibetan Buddhist art and a school with wide influence. It was named after the13rd century, which originated from the Regong (Tibetan "Golden Valley") of Longwu River in Tongren County, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province.

Mainly refers to Tangka plastic arts, painting plastic arts, Tibetan stories, historical poems and so on. It is the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects. For hundreds of years, it has a large number of employees and exquisite group art, which is amazing, so it has the reputation of "the hometown of Tibetan paintings".

8. Native embroidery is a unique embroidery method of Tu nationality, which is complex and ingenious and brings together the profound connotation of ancient Tu culture.

(1) originated from Huzhu Tu Autonomous County in the northeast of Qinghai Province, located at the southern foot of Qilian Mountain, which is the crisscross zone between the Loess Plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Disc embroidery is the most important embroidery method in Tu nationality embroidery and a compulsory course for Tu nationality women all their lives.

(2) The industrious and simple Turkish women have passed on the ancient and traditional national embroidery art from generation to generation. Their embroidery skills are exquisite, and their workmanship is exquisite and wonderful. Around the 4th century AD, the embroidery technology of flat plate has begun. In the inheritance of 1000 years, embroidery has formed many values such as folklore and aesthetics. It is the first national intangible cultural heritage list.

9. Datong Shadow Play

(1), an ancient traditional folk art with unique charm, is one of the earliest traditional operas in China. Its production is simple, raw materials are taken locally, and the performance is not limited by stage, lighting and venue. A lamp and a cloth can be used by an actor.

(2) In the process of performance, artists have the ability to operate shadow play, accompany musical instruments, and give consideration to Daobai. Some people can play seven or eight shadow puppeteers at the same time. The literary scenes are vivid and beautiful, the martial arts scenes are in full swing, and the shadow puppeteers are rolling around. For hundreds of years, Xiang Yan has spread in the vast rural areas and won the love of the people.

10, Qinghai Datong Qiaoergou casserole is one of the folk pottery making techniques, which has a history of more than 200 years.

Qiaoergou is rich in laterite resources, which provides innate material conditions for firing sand tanks. There are many kinds of sand pots fired, without sand holes, cracks, inclusions and deformation. The gravy it cooks maintains its original flavor, especially the decoction of traditional Chinese medicine, which has the same medicinal properties and is beyond the reach of any other metal or plastic products.

1 1, the intangible cultural heritage of Qinghai Province has a long history, distinctive regional colors and rich national characteristics. Ping Xiu is the main embroidery method in Xining, as well as board embroidery, pull embroidery, net embroidery and lock embroidery. With the theme of popular auspicious patterns, embroidery is both ornamental and practical.

Baidu Encyclopedia-National Intangible Cultural Heritage List