Characteristics of apricot trees

Apricot is a positive tree species, with strong adaptability, deep root system, photophobia, drought tolerance, cold tolerance and wind resistance, and its life span can reach more than 100 years. It is the main cultivated fruit tree in low mountains and hills.

2. Morphological characteristics of apricot trees

5-8( 12) meters high; The crown is round, oblate or rectangular; Bark grayish brown, longitudinally cracked; Perennial branches are light brown, with large and horizontal lenticels, and annual branches are light reddish brown, shiny and hairless, with many small lenticels.

3. Blade characteristics

Leaf blade is broadly ovoid or ovoid, 5-9 cm long and 4-8 cm wide, with acute to short acuminate apex, rounded to nearly cardioid base, leaf margin with obtuse serrations, glabrous on both sides or pilose between veins; The petiole is 2-3.5 cm long and hairless, and there are often 1-6 glands at the base. ? [ 1]?

4. The characteristics of apricot flowers

Flowers solitary, 2-3 cm in diameter, open in front of leaves; Pedicel short, long 1-3 mm, pubescent; Calyx purple-green; Calyx tube cylindrical, outer base pubescent; Sepals ovate to ovoid-oblong, apex acute or obtuse, reflexed after anthesis; Petals round to obovate, white or reddish, with short claws; Stamens ca. 20-45, slightly shorter than petals; Ovary pubescent, style slightly longer or almost as long as stamens, lower part pilose. ?

5. Fruit characteristics

The fruit is spherical, obovate, about 2.5 cm in diameter, white, yellow to yellowish red, often reddish and slightly pubescent; The pulp is juicy and does not crack when ripe; The nucleus is ovoid or ovoid, with flat side, blunt top, symmetrical base, sparse asymmetry, slightly rough or smooth surface, round belly edge, usually slightly blunt back edge, and keel-shaped belly cover; The kernel tastes bitter or sweet.

Extended data

The main cultivars of apricot in China can be divided into the following three categories according to their uses.

Edible apricot

The fruit is big, plump and juicy, moderately sweet and sour, and brightly colored. Mainly used for raw food and processing. There are more than 200 cultivated varieties in North China and Northwest China.

According to the color of peel and pulp, it can be divided into three categories: varieties with yellow and white peel, such as Beijing Crystal Apricot and Hebei Daxiangbai Apricot; Yellow skin, such as Gansu Jinma apricot, Shandong Licheng Dayu apricot and Qingdao Shaoshan red apricot; Red-skinned varieties, such as Hebei Guanlaoyemian, Shanxi Yongji Hongmei, Qingxu Shajin Hongxing, etc. These are excellent edible varieties.

2. Almond apricot

The fruit is small and the flesh is thin. The seeds are fat, sweet and bitter. Almonds are mainly used for food and medicine, but the pulp of some varieties can also be dried. Excellent varieties of sweet kernels, such as Baiyubian, Longwangbian in Hebei, Chibangzi and Clara in the west of Beishan Dabian Team, etc. Excellent varieties of bitter almond, such as Daban in Xishan, Hebei, and Xiaoban in Jidong.

3. Apricots for processing have thick pulp and high sugar content, which is convenient for drying. Some sweet kernel varieties can be used as both meat and kernel. For example, Aksumi in Xinjiang, Kumanti in Qizil and Dallas in Qizil are all excellent varieties for fresh eating, sun drying and kernel taking.

Apricot trees are usually cultivated as ornamental trees, mainly including the following types:

1, apricot? F. hanging bell flower? Red. The branches are drooping.

2. Spot apricot? Variegated flowers? (west. ) Sabel has mottled leaves.

Refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Apricot Tree