What is the definition of busy and happy?

Explanation of the word "busy" -- Busy is a kind of happiness, but really too busy, not a little rest time, busy to the fullest. For example, if you have a good friend who is coming back from far away and wants to be a guest in your house, you have to cook and chat with the guest, then you can describe it as being busy and happy, which means that even though you are very busy, your heart is happy and joyful.

Origin of the work

From Confucius's Xue Er (学而), the title of the first chapter of the Analects. The first two or three characters of the first chapter are usually used as the title of each chapter of the Analects. The first chapter of Xuezhi consists of 16 chapters, covering a wide range of topics. Among them, the key points are: "I have been saving myself for three times a day"; "Save the use of resources and love the people, so that the people will be in time"; "The use of etiquette, and the value of harmony," as well as benevolence, filial piety, faith and other ethical categories.

Original text

Tzu said: "Learning from the past, isn't it also saying? The first thing that I want to do is to learn from my friends, isn't it a joyful thing? The people do not know, but not huffing, is not also a gentleman?"

Works Notes

(1)Zi: An ancient Chinese honorific for a man of status and learning, and sometimes a general term for men. In the book "The Analects of Confucius", the word "Zi" refers to Confucius.

(2) Learning: The "learning" that Confucius is talking about here mainly refers to the study of the traditional cultural texts of the Western Zhou Dynasty, such as rituals, music, poetry, and books.

(3) Learning: In the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, the word "learning" was used as an adverb, meaning "at a certain time" or "at an appropriate time". But Zhu Xi, in his book "Analects of Confucius", interpreted "时" as "时常"." Xi" refers to practicing rituals and music; reviewing poems and books. It also contains the meaning of reviewing, practicing and practicing.

(4)Say: yuè, meaning pleasant and happy.

(5)Yupeng: a book as "friends and friends". The old note says, "the same door is said to be friends", that is, the same teacher under the door of the learning called friends, that is, like-minded people.

(6) music: and said there is a difference. The old note says that pleasure is within, while joy is seen outside.

(7)People do not know:This sentence is incomplete and does not say what people do not know. The object is missing. Generally speaking, to know, means to understand. People don't know means that others don't understand them.

(8)huff:yùn, annoyance, resentment.

(9)Junzi:Junzi in the book of Analects sometimes refers to a person of virtue and sometimes to a person of position. Here it refers to one who is morally cultivated.

Translation of Works

Confucius said: "Isn't it pleasant to study and then practice what you have learned regularly? Isn't it also pleasing to have like-minded people come from afar? Isn't it also morally cultivated when others don't understand me but I don't get angry?"

Composition Background

Confucius led some of his disciples to travel around the world for fourteen years, and in his later years revised the Six Classics ("Poetry," "Calligraphy," "Rituals," "Music," "Yi," and "Spring and Autumn Annals"). It is rumored that he had three thousand disciples and seventy-two wise disciples. After the death of Confucius, his disciples and their re-transmitted disciples recorded the words and thoughts of Confucius and his disciples, and organized and compiled them into the Confucian classic "Analects".

Confucius was honored in ancient times as the "Sage of Heavenly Indulgence" and "Muduo of Heaven", and was one of the most learned men in society at that time. He was honored by later rulers as the Sage of Confucius, the Most Holy Sage, the Most Sacred Sage, the Master of All Teachers, the Emperor of Wenxuan, and the King of Wenxuan, and he is the head of the "Ten Greatest Cultural Celebrities of the World".

The Northern Song politician Zhao Pu once said, "Half of the Analects of Confucius governs the world. It reflects the role and influence of this book in ancient Chinese society.

Works Appreciation

Ju Xi, a famous scholar of the Song Dynasty, spoke highly of this chapter, saying that it is "the door to the Way and the foundation of virtue". These three sentences of this chapter are very familiar to people. Historically, the explanation is: after learning, and often review and practice, not also happy. The three sentences have one meaning each, and there is no coherence between the preceding and following sentences. However, some people think that this interpretation is not in line with the original meaning, pointing out that here "learning" does not mean learning, but refers to the doctrine or proposition; "time" can not be interpreted as often, but the meaning of the times or society, "practice" is not to review, but to use, and by extension, to adopt. Moreover, these three sentences are not isolated, but are coherent with each other. The meaning of these three sentences is: if my doctrine is adopted by the society, I will be very happy; if it is not adopted by the society, but many friends agree with my doctrine and come to me to discuss the problems, I will also feel happy; and if it is not adopted by the society, and people don't understand me, I don't have any grudges, and if I do so, I will be a gentleman, won't I? (See Qilu Journal, 1986, No. 6 text) This explanation can be self-explanatory, and there is also a certain amount of truth, for the reader to understand the contents of this chapter in reference.

In addition, in the interpretation of the sentence "people do not know, but not huffing", there are some people who think that "people do not know" is not followed by the object, people do not know what? At that time, because Confucius had a specific environment to speak, he did not need to say what he knew, others can understand, but left a mystery for future generations. Some people say that this sentence follows on from the previous one, that a friend who came from afar asked me for advice, and when I told him that he did not yet understand, I did not resent it. In this way, "people do not know" means "people do not know what I have told them". This explanation seems a bit far-fetched.

All in all, this chapter proposes to take learning as a pleasure, to realize that people do not know but do not feel bad, reflecting Confucius' advocates of learning but not getting tired of learning, teaching others tirelessly, focusing on cultivation, and strictly demanding oneself. These ideas and propositions can be found in many places in the book of the Analects, which helps to gain a deeper understanding of the contents of the first chapter.

Author's Biography

Confucius (September 28, 551 < lunar calendar August 27 > ~ April 11, 479 < lunar calendar February 11 >), Zi surname, with Kong as the clan, the word Zhongni. Ranked second, Han Chinese, the Spring and Autumn Period Lu people. Confucius is China's ancient great thinker and educator, founder of the Confucian school, one of the world's most famous cultural celebrities. He compiled China's first chronicle of history, the Spring and Autumn Annals. According to relevant records, Confucius was born in Changping Township, Zuoyi, Lu (now Luyuan Village, Nansin Township, southeast of Qufu City, Shandong Province); Confucius died at the age of 73, and was buried in the city of Qufu, north of the Surabaya River, that is, the location of today's Confucius Grove. Confucius's words and thoughts are mainly contained in the collection of quotations and essays "The Analects" and the "Historical Records - The Family of Confucius" preserved from the pre-Qin and Qin-Han periods.