Know a little about cars every day and become a master of cars.

Know a little about cars every day and become a master of cars.

First, the automobile structure

The car is not a whole in essence, but a whole shape composed of various parts, in which the "chassis" plays an important supporting role for the car body, engine and its components. The automobile chassis consists of four parts: transmission system, driving system, steering system and braking system, which interact with each other to ensure the normal running of the vehicle.

Second, the engine.

An automobile engine consists of two mechanisms and five systems. It is the "heart" of the car and the source of power. The most basic principle of an engine is to convert fuel, do work and then convert it into mechanical energy. Two mechanisms: crank-connecting rod mechanism and valve train; Five systems: cooling system, lubricating system, fuel system, starting system and ignition system.

3. Most of the 6- 12 cylinders are V-shaped.

Most engines below 5 cylinders are in-line mode, and a few 6-cylinder engines also have in-line mode. There used to be in-line 8-cylinder engines. The cylinder block of an in-line engine is in-line arrangement, and the cylinder block, cylinder head and crankshaft are simple in structure, low in cost, good in low-speed torque characteristics, low in oil consumption, small in volume, wide in use, and low in power.

6~ 12 cylinder engines are mostly V-type, and V 10 engines are installed in racing cars. The length and height of the V-type engine are very small, so it is very convenient to arrange. Moreover, most people think that V-type engine is a relatively advanced engine and has become one of the symbols of automobile level. V8 engine is rarely used because of its complex structure and high cost. The V 12 engine is too big and heavy, and only a few luxury cars use it. Volkswagen has recently developed W-type engines, including W8, W 12 and W 16, that is, the cylinders are arranged at four staggered angles and have a compact shape.

Fourth, the running-in period of new cars is very important.

Whether the driving method during the running-in period is correct or not has a great influence on the fuel economy of the engine in the future. Therefore, we must keep in mind the driving principle of the new car during the running-in period, with the speed not exceeding 80 kilometers per hour and the rotation speed not exceeding 4000 rpm. Never break the rules.

Five, just finished refueling, I feel that my motivation has improved.

Some car owners will find that the power of the car will increase after each refueling, and it will drive smoothly, but I don't know why. Some people say that this is a psychological effect, but it is not. This is based on science.

The reason is that the original gasoline vapor in the fuel tank was squeezed out when refueling, and some gasoline vapor came to the carbon tank and was adsorbed by activated carbon. After refueling, activated carbon adsorbed a lot of oil and gas. When you drive away, the engine sucks this oil and gas from the carbon tank into the cylinder and burns it. Because the carbon canister has just absorbed enough oil and gas, the mixture concentration of the engine is high and the power will be improved.

6. Your parking posture determines the reading of the fuel gauge after starting.

The automobile measures the oil quantity through the oil level gauge in the fuel tank, but when the automobile accelerates or decelerates, the gasoline will fluctuate back and forth, causing the oil float of the oil level gauge to swing up and down, so it is impossible to accurately count the oil quantity data. Therefore, how to set up the oil level detection program is very important. Many cars will read the signal of the oil level meter at the moment of power-on, and use it as the standard oil level, because the gasoline level is the most stable when the car is parked for a long time. So if you park your car on a slope, your fuel gauge reading may be inaccurate. Whether it is higher or lower depends on the gasoline level and the position of the oil float.

Seven, the car parked in the open air in winter has a normal idle speed after cold start, and the car parked in the underground garage has a high idle speed.

If you pay enough attention, you will find such a situation: park your car outdoors in winter and idle smoothly after a cold start. But if you park your car in the underground garage, the idle speed will be high after the cold start. However, there are some cars that are just the opposite. In winter, the idle speed is high after cold start in the open air, and it will be slightly lower after cold start in the relatively warm underground garage. In fact, this is not a car problem, it is deliberately set by manufacturers in response to emission regulations, but each manufacturer's strategy is different.