How to evaluate local architecture

First, the significance of protecting vernacular architecture

At present, most distinctive buildings in China are located in remote villages. The local architecture in China has left a self-sufficient and closed spatial structure, which is in harmony with the "harmony between man and nature" and the environment. In the wave of modernization, some traditional living spaces and lifestyles can be preserved in local buildings, so we should further protect and utilize them. Especially in China, a well-off society is being established and a new socialist countryside is being built. Therefore, in the planning and construction, buildings with ancient villages are involved, and we should protect them, so as to provide a basis for creating new architectural forms. We can compare the old and new buildings, so that the traditional architectural design thinking will not be isolated in the future, and let contemporary and future generations know the previous housing forms, which reflect the local culture, national habits, living habits, climate characteristics and characteristics of the times, and at the same time, we can develop tourism. In addition, vernacular architecture often becomes the base for a large number of artists to sketch and is the source of inspiration for artistic creation. It also provides a reference for the design of residential buildings in the construction of new socialist countryside. There will be no conflict between the architectural styles of the old and new houses, reflecting the regional characteristics and national cultural characteristics. To sum up, to complete the construction of China's contemporary environmental art design concept, the most important thing is to explore the contemporary value displayed by the local architectural environment in China, so as to achieve the close combination of essential concept and engineering technology.

Second, the combination of local architectural culture and modern architectural culture.

In the vernacular architecture, we call the vernacular architecture in China, which is produced by geomantic theory, as the vernacular ecological architecture in China. The local architectural culture produced by this geomantic theory pays attention to the overall grasp of various relationships between man and nature. The discussion of "water", "wind", "soil" and "gas" is similar to the treatment and utilization of ecological relations and resources such as water cycle and atmospheric cycle, soil lithosphere and animal vegetation in contemporary science. That is what we call the relationship between man and nature. The geomantic theory of vernacular architecture is deeply rooted in the location planning of architectural environment, attaches great importance to the aesthetics of natural landscape, and pays attention to the harmonious and organic unity of architectural humanistic beauty and environmental natural beauty, which shows strong aesthetic characteristics in theory and practice. For example, Huizhou dwellings of Hakka earth buildings, northern quadrangles of caves in northern Shaanxi, etc. , are examples of using the natural environment to achieve complete results under the conditions of various functions and surrounding ecological environment. They have their own independent forms and styles, which can become the borrowing paradigm of contemporary architectural environment and realize their form reconstruction. Therefore, in the environmental design of modern residential buildings, we need to learn from its essence. This is conducive to the use of traditional cultural landscape to create an environment with modern aesthetic taste without losing the charm of local culture.

Third, the combination of the form and function of local architecture and contemporary lifestyle.

Most local buildings are based on nature. According to the local geographical climate, we strive to make use of natural conditions in lighting, ventilation and cold protection. The climate in northern China is cold, so people take sunshine as the main consideration in order to keep warm from the cold when building. Therefore, the layout of local buildings is mostly sunny and relatively closed, in order to avoid shielding each other from the sun, and the building spacing is also large. Beijing quadrangle can be regarded as a model of this kind of residence, which is characterized by strict feudal patriarchal clan system and mature scale and space. The layout of the house strictly distinguishes between inside and outside, respects order, pays attention to symmetry and is isolated from the outside world. The south is different, because the temperature difference between the four seasons does not change much, and it is very hot and rainy in summer, so measures such as moistureproof, ventilation, heat dissipation, sunshade and rainproof are particularly particular. For example, in Huizhou Ming and Qing dynasties, ventilation, heat dissipation and shading were realized by setting patios, alleys and tall walls. The plane layout is relatively open, mostly L-shaped and I-shaped verandahs.

In a word, we should re-understand the influence and value of local ecological architectural environment view and architectural geomantic theory in China traditional architecture on contemporary architectural environment. On the premise of integrating with modern advanced architectural design, we should also pay attention to the embodiment of traditional national style and create architectural works with China aesthetic and China regional characteristics. These architectural works are located in different cities and villages in China and rooted in the cultural soil of China. Propagandizing national characteristics, regional environmental characteristics and unique architectural features is the key for China modern architectural design to go global. The combination of the popularity, rationality and advancement of modern residential buildings with unique local culture will produce excellent architectural products with unique artistic style. Moderately absorb the essence of local traditional architecture, combine modern advanced design concepts, and use modern high-tech architectural design technology and architectural decoration materials to make modern residential buildings perfectly combine with local excellent architectural design in terms of architectural characteristics, decoration materials, space design, modeling rationality and proportion. This is exactly what China's architectural environment design should advocate and insist on today. Only in this way can modern architecture have long-term vitality.