The difference between new media art and art ontology and multimedia art

Hello, I study fine arts, and now my major is environmental art design.

The three majors you mentioned can be all, and they all have requirements for humanistic quality.

How to define new media art?

ROY ASCOTT, the pioneer of new media art, said: The most striking features of new media art are connectivity and interactivity. Understanding the artistic creation of new media needs to go through five stages: connection, integration, interaction, transformation and emergence. First of all, we must connect and immerse ourselves in it (instead of just watching from a distance) and interact with the system and others, which will lead to the transformation of works and consciousness, and finally a brand-new image, relationship, thinking and experience will appear. What we generally call new media art mainly refers to circuit transmission and computer creation. However, this medium based on silicon crystals and electrons is currently being combined with biological systems and concepts from molecular science and genetics. The most novel new media art will be the combination of "dry" silicon crystal computer science and "wet" biology. This emerging new media art is called "wet media" by Roy ascot.

As far as art itself is concerned, the new media art originated from the conceptual art in the 1960s, manifested in the early futuristic manifesto, Dada-style behavior and representative art in the 1970s. Communication and cooperation have become the focus of artists' attention in new media art creation. They are constantly exploring new behavior patterns and new media materials, trying to explore the possibility of creating new thinking, new human experience and even a new world. Many artists are deeply interested in letting the audience participate in their works. The definition of a work of art itself no longer depends on its physical form, but more on its formation process. In a word, the fascination with metaphors and patterns of new science throughout the 20th century, especially quantum physics at the beginning of the century and neuroscience and biology at the end of the century, greatly stimulated artists' imagination.

There are many forms of new media art, but there is only one thing in common, that is, users participate in changing the image, form and even meaning of works through direct interaction with them. They trigger the transformation of works in different ways-touching, moving in space, making sounds, etc. Whether the interface with the work is keyboard, mouse, optical or acoustic sensor, or other more complex and precise or even invisible "triggers", the relationship between the viewer and the work is mainly interaction. Interconnection is a barrier across time and space, connecting people all over the world. In these cyberspace, users can play different identities at any time, search distant databases and information files, learn about foreign cultures and create new communities.

Furthermore, new media art is different from ready-made art, installation art, human body art and earth art. New media art is a new art discipline based on "optical" media and electronic media, and it is based on digital technology. In fact, new media art is digital art, or network media, also called the fourth media. According to different media, people divide the development of news media into different stages-traditional newspapers based on paper, radio broadcasting based on radio waves and television based on TV images, which are called the first media, the second media and the third media respectively. 1In May, 1998, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan proposed at the UN Committee on Information that the Internet, the most advanced fourth media, should be used while strengthening the traditional means of written and audio-visual communication. Since then, the concept of "the fourth media" has been formally used. ) Its means of expression is mainly cg animation image. Cg (Computer Graphics) is the CG of Tao affectionately referred to by many people in the industry. In fact, the category of new media art has the certainty of "advancing with the times". At present, it mainly refers to artistic works with the latest scientific and technological achievements such as video, computer, network and digital technology as the creative media. Therefore, new media art has inadvertently penetrated into all fields of modern art.

Network media is called "the fourth media" to emphasize that it is the fourth largest news media that can deliver news information in time and widely, just like newspapers, radio and television. Broadly speaking, "the fourth media" usually refers to the Internet. However, the Internet is not only a media function to disseminate information, but also has the unique advantages of digitalization, multimedia, real-time and interactive dissemination of news information. Therefore, the narrow sense of "the fourth media" refers to the internet-based communication platform to spread news information network. The "fourth media" can be divided into two parts, one is the digitalization of traditional media, such as the electronic version of People's Daily, and the other is the "new media" born due to the convenience provided by the network, such as Sina.

Under the double impact of China's IT industry and new media art in Europe and America, the new media art in China started in an almost hazy state.

New media art is not only unknown to the public in China, but also not fully understood and recognized by artists in China. However, new media art is just like the occurrence and development of everything in the world. Only after you fully understand and accept it will it enter your world. Whether you like it or not, it always breaks into houses according to its own rules. The development of new media art in China began in the late 1980s, and by the mid-1990s, a number of outstanding works and mature artists began to appear. In September, 1996, the first video art exhibition in China was held in China Academy of Art Art Museum. This exhibition includes more than a dozen pieces of video equipment and several pieces of video works, focusing on the pioneers of the first generation of video art in China. The exhibition received a great response at home and abroad, and the local media reported it in a large space. Moreover, Wenyi Bao rated this event as the top ten news of China fine arts in that year. This exhibition is regarded by many critics as an important milestone of contemporary art in China.

Today, new media art has developed into a big family of single-frequency video works, video installation works, multimedia CDs and network art, and various training, service and research institutions have emerged. European training centers such as EDA, French Pierre Schaefer International Film and Television Creation Center, British LUX CENTER, German ZKM and other research institutions. In addition, there are many semi-profit production centers that are open to artists at a level lower than commercial prices. For new media art, a lot of cultural funds come from high-tech companies, such as Berlin Film Festival sponsored by Apple Computer, Hamburg Film Festival sponsored by Siemens, and the technical part of Kassel Literature Exhibition sponsored by IBM and Sony. The support for new media art has enhanced the company's cultural image, demonstrated the artistic charm and technical potential of new media, and formed a virtuous circle relationship between new media art and new technology.

From the development of new media art in Europe and America, we can clearly see that the appearance of this art form is closely related to commercial interests from the beginning. Therefore, it is more about showing new scientific and technological products than art. Visiting this new media art exhibition gives people the feeling of visiting a commodity fair. In the future, new media art will be gradually integrated into media technology; New media artists will be transformed into or replaced by media technology experts; New media art will be more commercialized; New media art will exist because of the existence and development of media technology. This is why people are confused and confused. However, regardless of the future trend of new media art, IT will inevitably exist and develop with the development of IT industry and Internet. We don't have to rush to any conclusions about new media art.

New technology will continue to develop rapidly, and its influence and participation in art design will be deeper and deeper. Art and science will work together in our life, or the boundary between art and science will become more and more blurred, which may be an unavoidable reality. However, we can't equate art with science, and think that new technology will turn art into science, or science into art, and technology pursues unity, standardization and stereotypes, because only in this way can it conform to industrial production; Art pursues individuality, originality and heterosexuality, because only in this way can it satisfy human aesthetic taste. We can use a new technology as a means to create art, but we cannot use a new art as a method of technological invention.

Employment direction

This is more, because the new media is cross-media, integrating video, programs, print, music, network and other media resources. Personally, I suggest you choose one main direction, and the rest are complementary, because each piece is enough for you to study. And you didn't do a project alone.

Multimedia art

Multimedia art is an art form born in the 20th century, which mainly includes works of art combined with computer, digital technology, video and film technology. It is not only a pure art, but also one of the commonly used means in movies, TV, advertisements and music pictures. Based on digital technology, "multimedia art", which is compatible with photography, video, sound, installation and interaction, has grown rapidly in various fields of the world in recent years, and has attracted the attention of the society, especially the art circles and the education circles. Compared with traditional art, multimedia art has formed its own unique art field by using technologies such as film, television, photography and Internet. The progress of contemporary science and technology has actively promoted the development of multimedia art, which is epochal and epochal. It is an art form that can make people have many associations. It establishes an environment and attitude close to art and technology, which means that we can regard artists as mediators and explorers of the network.

The main features of multimedia art are as follows:

First, it is very virtual. This virtuality is manifested in the construction of illusory illusions through multi-body art, illusory assumptions and fictions about current problems;

Second, the concept is profound;

Third, it is widely publicized. Multimedia art actively participates in popular culture and consumer culture by means of TV, video and network, which has a strong influence on popular culture.

Fourth, it has strong timeliness and popularity. Multimedia art is often good at grasping fashion topics and cultural hot issues, reporting and spreading in time, effectively and quickly, and its artistic symbols can easily connect with popular culture, thus becoming an avant-garde and avant-garde artistic style.

The effectiveness and success of multimedia art must appear in a systematic cultural structure and network. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to establish an ecosystem.

First of all, official recognition and acceptance are very important;

Secondly, it depends on monetary capital, and planners, sponsors, art companies and galleries also have great influence on it;

Thirdly, how to make multimedia art and popular culture vibrate organically and form an effective virtuous circle is also an unavoidable problem.

In other words, it is necessary to deal with the relationship between elite consciousness and popular culture, not to go to extremes, and to achieve a cultural state of * * * living * * *. The generalization and popularization of today's aesthetics not only affects the surface of daily life, but also penetrates into the deeper cultural structure.

Aesthetics is no longer just an ivory tower, and its object is no longer just the "spirit of beauty" or the postmodern muse of entertainment, but also a new cognition of reality. This cognition stems from a broad and open aesthetic consciousness. The "beauty" here refers not only to beauty and truth, but also to virtuality and variability, and interactivity is a manifestation of virtuality and variability. We can be sure that virtuality and variability are the postmodern characteristics of media culture. Aesthetics is essentially to change people's living conditions, as long as it is a formal content, it is not desirable. The highest level of aesthetics is still to change the alienated social reality and human value, improve people's quality of life and aesthetic level, and its ethical purpose is self-evident. Aesthetics must transcend the proposition of artistic ontology, cover daily life and traditional culture, eliminate the contradiction between aesthetics and anti-aesthetics, art and anti-art, and form an ecological aesthetic system.

Employment direction

Nowadays, there are more and more graduates of digital media art, mainly depending on what direction you study.

The direction of film and television production is to go to advertising companies, special effects media companies, television stations and so on.

In the direction of network multimedia, you can also go to an IT company and set up a video advertising website online.

The game design direction is now ready to be listed separately.

Go to a game company or something.

There are many employment directions, focusing on personal knowledge, skills and comprehensive quality.

Artistic body

After searching for a long time, there is no detailed and complete information about artistic body. After comprehensive analysis, we should (or in the artistic environment) use artistic methods, such as rhythm, lines and colors, to show them on young and healthy human bodies (mostly women), and achieve an artistic beauty of the human body through certain methods, such as photography, painting and other artistic forms. .

This is very different from the above new media art and multimedia art. Employment is also relatively narrow, with fewer employees.

Information design

Simply put, it is people's skills and practice in processing information. Information design can improve people's efficiency in applying information. Although information design is always associated with computer science and information technology, information design itself has a special historical origin to follow.

Inheriting graphic design

As a subset of graphic design, the initial information design is often interspersed in graphic design courses. In 1970s, the word "information design" was first used by a graphic designer in London, England. At that time, the purpose of using this term was only to distinguish it from traditional parallel design majors such as graphic design and product design. From then on, information design was really separated from graphic design. The main purpose of information design is "effective information transmission", which establishes an insurmountable development direction with graphic design advocating "exquisite artistic expression". In the early 1960s and the late 1970s, Printing Research magazine (formerly Visual Language magazine) published a series of research articles on information design. Merald Wrolstad, editor of the magazine, also organized a series of academic conferences called Visual Language. Participants include designers, psychologists, linguists and interface engineers. In 1970s, "information design" was an interdisciplinary research field. At that time, many graphic designers began to use the term "information design", and since the publication of 1979 Journal of Information Design, the status of this term in academic circles has been further confirmed. Eastby and. Zwaga (1984) and Duffy & Waller (1985) have made outstanding contributions to the establishment of information design, and schrieffer (1997) is an indispensable figure in the history of information design. In 1980s, information design gradually involved text information content and language field, so it was necessary to add more user tests in the design process, which was extremely rare in traditional graphic design.

Inherit from data statistics

In 1970s, edward tufte opened a course called "Statistical Graphics", and later developed this course together with John Tukey, another pioneer in the field of information design. 1982, edward tufte published the first book about information design, Visual Display of Quantitative Information, most of which came from the textbooks prepared for this course. At that time, the publication of the whole book caused a great sensation, and the industry was full of affirmation of the contents of this book, which was "outstanding", "beautiful" and "groundbreaking". In his book, he puts forward the concern for non-professionals and the importance of information design to speech expression. Since then, those who focus on statistical charts and quantitative information have also begun to use the term information design. Because information design is often used by those professionals in research, it is nicknamed "document design", which is especially common in the United States. In the field of technology communication, information design is defined as building a reasonable logical structure of a series of information for specific target users. According to the different amount and types of information, information design has many specific applications. 1. Large-scale information refers to judging the similarity of content and classifying information into different types according to different information audiences and objects. 2. Mesoscale information, that is, effectively organizing information content and ensuring the integrity of abstracts, concepts, examples, reference information and concept definitions. And the information organization principles that can be consulted under each group of information. 3. Appropriate scale information, including the logical development of the theme, the emphasis of important information, clear writing norms, clear information transmission clues, paging design, font selection and appropriate white space. Similar design techniques are also applicable to website design. Due to the integration of more constraints and realizable functions in website design practice, this kind of information designer has won another title "Information Architect". Therefore, in the field of computer technology and information technology, information design is usually regarded as information architecture, that is, the design of information system, database and data structure. In this sense, information design in the fields of computer and information technology also includes building data models and process analysis.

There are many majors that interact with technology. Modern society emphasizes humanization and personalized service. Modern design is to let people fully enjoy the fruits of scientific and technological development. The new media art and multimedia art you mentioned are typical examples. Others such as game production, film and television production, three-dimensional animation and so on.

My friend, you have many opinions and many questions. I spent a lot of effort, I hope you will be satisfied.

Good luck.