1 1 guzheng basic teaching method

In recent years, there has been an upsurge in learning guzheng in society. Don't you know how to learn it? The following is the 1 1 guzheng basic teaching method and related tutorials that I have carefully prepared for you. Welcome to read!

1 1 guzheng basic teaching method lesson 1: Qiao's clip method 1. Basic knowledge

1, basic structure of guzheng

Tuning box, front Yueshan, strings, piano codes, panels, back Yueshan, piano stand, etc.

2. Guzheng placement

1) Guzheng is usually placed on the piano frame, which is usually divided into two types: one is the integrated piano frame; The other is a split piano stand. Among them, the split piano frame is the most commonly used.

2) Pay attention to the height difference when placing the piano frame. The high one is placed under the front Yueshan Mountain, and the low one is placed under the back Yueshan Mountain.

3. Name of hand parts

1) Wrist, back of hand and palm.

2) Thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, little finger, escapement.

3) The first joint (also called facet joint), the second joint and the metacarpal joint.

Step 4 wear armor

1, the right hand big nail wearing method is:

Cut off eight pieces of adhesive tape in advance, and the length can be wrapped around your fingers for two and a half to three times.

1) Stick the cut tape on the back of the armor, leaving a small piece of tape on it (the length should be enough to wrap the big finger for half a circle. )

2) Hold the armor in the right hand with the tip at the lower left. Wrap a short piece of tape first, and then wrap a long piece after it is fixed. The tightness should be appropriate, not too loose or too tight.

2. How to wear the right index finger, middle finger and nameless nail:

1) The method of pasting adhesive tape is the same as that of thumb; Stick the tape on the back of the armor, leaving a small piece of tape on it;

2) Wear artificial nails with index finger, middle finger and ring finger along the direction of fingers. Wrap a short piece of tape first, fix it, and then wrap a long piece.

The left hand armor is worn in the same way as the right hand. Pay attention to the wearing direction of the left big nail.

5. Playing posture

1) First, choose a stool with suitable height, and ask the waist to be parallel to the Zheng surface.

2) Sit up straight and keep your back straight. Sit in the first third of the stool, don't fill the whole stool.

3) The first piano code is aimed at the center of your body, about one or two punches away from the guzheng.

4) The feet can be staggered back and forth, or the right foot can be stepped on the cross frame at the lower part of the piano frame.

5) When children can't reach the ground, they can put a small stool under their feet, and their feet must step on it.

6. Distinguish the strings

At present, the commonly used guzheng * * * has 2 1 chord, which is generally in D key, and its chord order is arranged circularly according to China's traditional pentatonic scale: Gong, Shang, Jiao, Qian and Yu (namely 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 in notation). Then these 2 1 tones can be divided into five areas, namely: heavy bass area, bass area, midrange area, treble area and double treble area.

It is suggested that when you identify the strings in each sound zone, you can first find the representative green strings and then push them to other strings. For example, in the midrange area, we first find the midrange 5, and then retreat a string, that is, the midrange 6, so that we can quickly find the scales decreasing from 6, 6, 5, 3, 2, 1, and vice versa, that is, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6.

Second, the knowledge of music theory

The study of guzheng requires you to master some musical theory knowledge as well as playing techniques.

1) Spectrum Example 5

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A few beats: Sol

This is a quarter note: a quarter note is a beat. Each beat is represented by two arrows, the first half of the beat is represented by a downward arrow, and the second half is represented by an upward arrow.

2) Spectrum example

5 ?

Count: Sol 234

This is a whole note. A whole note takes a quarter note as a beat, and * * * has four beats.

The small horizontal line behind the quarter note is called the time-increasing line, which means adding one beat.

Third,? Joe? Clamp teaching based on

(A), fingering overview

There are two basic methods to play fingering: one is clamping; Second, the method of lifting bullets. Clamping is generally used in two situations: first, novices use it to stabilize their hands; Second, it is used more when playing traditional songs. In the performance of modern Zheng music, the rule of lifting the piano is widely used.

1, fingering symbol

2. Its playing method is: the ring finger and the little finger are naturally supported on the strings, pointing to the front of the body to pluck the strings, and then fall on the next string after playing.

(B), teaching skills

Let's explain step by step:

1, step one, play the string.

Take Alto 5 as an example. Make a fist with your right hand half closed, your wrist flat, your arms open, your thumb gently placed on the alto 5, and your ring finger and little finger naturally supported on the strings (the support here is a traditional playing method? Heap? ), the rest of the fingers relax.

The index finger, middle finger and ring finger of the left hand are close together, and the big and little fingers are naturally relaxed. Stand on the left string of the piano code with the fingertips of the fleshy fingers, and the string position is away from the piano code 15? About 20 centimeters.

In the process of practicing strings, we should pay attention to the following problems:

1) When the right hand is half clenched, the fingers are relaxed and the metacarpal joints are slightly prominent, so don't collapse;

2) The wrist should be flat, and the arm should be opened at about 45 degrees to relax and be comfortable;

3) Put the big fingertip on the string, about one inch away from Qianyue Mountain, and be careful not to put the armor too deep into the string;

4) Beginners can play the ring finger without armor-piercing bullets, and its string position depends on the size of the hand.

5) When playing with the right hand, the left hand is placed on the left string of the piano code to form a good playing habit;

6) Don't tilt your thumb and little finger when paying off with your left hand, and don't pinch your fingers or hide them in your palm.

2. After mastering the correct method of strumming, let's learn how to clip the strutting:

Pay off the line first. After putting it away, the big finger uses the metacarpal joint to drive the finger to gently pluck the string in front of the body (slightly below the playing direction), and then falls on the next string.

You need to pay attention to the following questions during the practice:

1) Play on the basis of mastering the correct method of putting strings;

2) Touch the strings with your big fingertips on the front, and play gently when you are a beginner to experience the feeling of relaxing your arms.

3) After the big finger is played, it should fall on the next string;

3. Play in several beats

After mastering the fingering, you can practice rhythmically.

five

sol 234

Homework:

The homework for this lesson is:

1, master the guzheng playing posture; Familiar with the names of various parts of guzheng and the names of the parts of hands.

2. Be familiar with the arrangement of the strings in the alto, and remember the names of the strings.

3. Skillfully put on armor.

4, the correct strokes solfeggio ear quarter notes, whole notes.

5. Play with the clamping method of the bracket skillfully.

Introduce some music theory knowledge involved in music score examples.

1, (1=D) This is called? Key signature? 1=D This means that this piece is in D major.

2.(4/4) This is called? Time signature? It means taking a quarter note as a beat, and each bar has 4 beats.

3. The vertical line in the spectrum example is called. Bar line? Its function is to divide music bars and define rhythm rules. What is the part between two bar lines? Festival? .

At the end of the spectrum example, there are two vertical lines, one thin and the other thick, called? Termination line? , indicating the end of the music.

Pay attention to the following questions when playing:

1) First of all, put the strings correctly with both hands, with the thumb of the right hand on the alto 5 and the left hand on the left string of the piano code, which is 15? About 20 centimeters.

2) Pay attention to the steady rhythm when playing, and play strictly according to the score.

3) Put your hands back in place after playing, and develop good playing habits.

On the basis of playing 1 skillfully, you can practice on 6, 3, 2 and 1 respectively. The practice steps are the same as before, playing the string first and then playing.

Exercise 1- 1: use? Joe? Play alto 6 with a clip?

Exercise 1-2: using? Joe? Play alto 3 with a clip?

Exercise 1-3: using? Joe? Play alto 2 with a clip?

Exercise 1-4: using? Joe? Play alto 1 by clamping?

1, for example, frequency spectrum:

1) This piece is in D major, and the time signature is four or four beats.

2) You can have a look. Under the notes, we drew an arrow to help you grasp the rhythm accurately.

3) 2 ?

Explanation: This is a binary note, which means that a quarter note is taken as one beat, and * * * has two beats.

2, the music "shaking" solfeggio practice:

Let's solfeggio the song "Shake" first.

Solfeggio is a very important part of beginners' stage, which helps everyone to better grasp the rhythm of music. In practice, you need to master solfeggio to play.

3, music "shake" performance practice

Music "Me and You"

Let's look at the next song, me and you.

1, the teacher sings music.

2. Demonstration performance

5. Music "Apple", "I Go to Kindergarten" and "Butterfly"

Show the performance one by one.

Homework:

1, exercise 1, exercise 1? 1, sports 1? 2. Exercise 1? Step 3 practice

Basic Teaching Method of Guzheng: Lesson 2? Joe? Play etudes and short songs (2) teaching content;

1, learning? Joe? Editing and playing etudes? Exercise 2

2. Learn the theme songs of Little White Boat and Dae Jang Geum.

Teaching purpose:

Through this lesson, I basically mastered the practice of fingering and walking strings, and practiced solfeggio skillfully, playing the theme songs of the music "Little White Boat" and "Da Jang Geum" coherently.

Teaching process:

I. Review of the previous section

Did you study last class? Joe? Clip-on practice 1, music "shake, shake" and "you and me" are all learned in this class? Joe? Editing exercise 2.

Second, study? Joe? Editing and playing etudes? Exercise 2

First, adjust the sitting posture and look at the music.

Exercise 2 Spectrum Example

1, demonstration play 1 time.

2, solfeggio 1 time.

3. Let's explain the specific playing method: put your thumb on the alto 6, gently pluck the strings in front of your body with the fingertips of your thumb, then fall on the alto 5 after playing, and play forward in turn according to this method. After the right hand changes strings, the left hand plays strings with the right hand.

Put your thumb on alto 6 and gently pluck the strings in front of your body with your fingertips. After playing, you will fall on the alto 5, and the rest of your fingers will naturally move forward. Play alto 5 with your right hand and follow it with your left hand.

When you practice, you can divide it into three steps:

1) Right-handed string-walking practice. (Demonstration 6| 5)

2) Left-handed string-walking practice. (Demonstration 6| 5)

3) Practice with both hands. (Demonstration 6| 5)

The first group (6 | 5) basically mastered it before practicing the following spectrum example.

1, for example, frequency spectrum:

1) This piece is in D major, with four or three beats.

2) note in that second bar? 3? The point at the back is called the attachment point, which is used to extend the length of the previous note by half, so the length of the 3 here is one and a half beats.

3) Attached rhythms are widely used in music, such as the second paragraph, which requires practice when playing, and then practice the whole song after mastering it.

Homework:

1, Joe's practice 2, play 10 times a day.

2. The music "Little White Boat" and "Call" are played 5 times a day.

3. Review the music you have learned 1 time every day (it is recommended that you practice in the sound zone).

Basic Teaching Method of Guzheng: Lesson 3? Tik Tok's teaching content:

1, Tik Tok Teaching;

2. Learn the music "Laugh at the sea" and "Fishing Song Guangming".

Teaching purpose:

Through this lesson, I can basically master the vibrato playing, and I can play the two songs "Laughing at the Sea" and "Fishing for Song Guangming" coherently.

I. Overview of fingering

1, vibrato is a very important technique for the left hand in guzheng performance, which plays a role in beautifying, polishing and prolonging the music. There are many kinds of vibrato. Today we are going to learn how to play the basic vibrato. What is its fingering symbol?

2. The vibrato playing method is: after the right hand plays the string, the left hand presses and loosens the string evenly on the corresponding string on the left side of the piano code, so that the sound played by the right hand has a regular fluctuation effect.

Second, step by step teaching

Playing vibrato requires a long-term training process. When you are a beginner, you should practice slowly and master the correct relaxation method, and then practice quickly after you are proficient. Let's study step by step.

1, left-handed string practice

Put your right hand flat on the tuning box, keep your left hand half clenched, and loosen the strings slowly and evenly. There are two actions in each beat: press and release. Pay attention to release it in time after pressing the string every time.

Step 2 play with both hands

The left and right hands put the strings correctly on the alto 5 respectively; After playing alto 5 with your right hand, press the corresponding strings on the left side of the piano code evenly with your left hand.

1) Slow training

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Spectrum example:

Practice method: the right hand plays alto 5 on the count of one, and the left hand presses the string down on the count of two, three and four, and relaxes immediately after each pressing.

After mastering the slow play, you can appropriately speed up the string pressing speed of your left hand.

2) Practice quickly

Pressing strings slowly and quickly with both hands is an auxiliary practice of vibrato. After mastering it, you can play vibrato.

Several problems should be paid attention to in practice:

1. When the left hand presses the string, the shoulder relaxes, and the arm strength naturally sinks, concentrating on the fingertips, and quickly recovering after pressing the string quickly.

2. The amplitude of left-handed string pressing should be small and even.

3. The playing order of the left and right hands is: play first and then shake. Press the left hand to loosen the strings on the aftersound after the right hand plays, and the left and right hands cannot play at the same time.

Third, small music.

Music "The Sea Laughs"

This piece of music is in D major, in four or two beats.

1, solfeggio music "The Sea Laughs"

There are many dotted rhythms in music. Unlike the four-point notes we learned before, here are eight-point notes. For example, in the first bar, you should draw it like this.

In addition, this piece of music has sixteenth notes. For example, in the first beat of the first bar, the 5 after the dotted note 6 is the sixteenth note. The duration of a sixteenth note is a quarter of that of a quarter note.

Then in the second beat of the eighth bar, there is also a rhythm pattern in which an eighth note is connected with two sixteenth notes. These new rhythms should be practiced.

2. Demonstrate the music "Laughing at the Sea"

As you can see, the dichotomous notes in the music all use the vibrato technique. For example, the first two sections. Therefore, in the process of practicing this song, we should focus on practicing vibrato.

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1 1 guzheng basic teaching method: the teaching content of the fourth lesson;

1, the teaching of sliding up and down

2. Etudes

Teaching purpose:

Through this lesson, you can basically master the playing of the upper glide and the lower glide, and you can skillfully play the etudes of the upper glide and the lower glide.

Overview of gliding:

Slippery is also an important basic playing technique for the left hand, which can best reflect the charm of guzheng. Sliding can be divided into upward sliding, downward sliding and backward sliding. Today, we are going to learn about sliding up and down.

First, the upper part slides.

Overview of fingering

1, what is the fingering symbol of the upper glide? The fingering symbol of the upper glide is located at the upper right of the note.

2. Its playing method is: after the right hand plays the strings, the left hand slides the notes played by the right hand to the pitch of the left winding of the piano code. Take Alto 5 as an example. Is to put 5 on the string above it, which is the pitch of 6. For example, the upward sliding of 1 is to slide 1 upward to a pitch of 2.

And so on, 1 2 3 5 6

Step by step teaching

Let's explain step by step.

The first is to play strings. Playing strings and vibrato are the same. Then play.

1) left-handed string pressing practice

Demonstration: Take Alto 5 as an example. Put your right hand flat on the tuning box and your left hand on the left string of the piano code. Don't move when you count to 1. When you count to 2, press the rope with your left hand.

2) Practice with both hands

Demonstration and explanation: Count to 1, play alto 5 with your right thumb, count to 2, slide your left hand upward, don't let go immediately after sliding, and then let go of your left hand after the lingering sound disappears.

You need to pay attention to the following questions during the practice:

1) master the play of playing first and then pressing. When the left hand presses the strings, the shoulders sink and the strength is concentrated on the fingertips, so that the left hand can slide in one step. When playing ball, be careful not to erect your elbow joint or break your wrist.

2) The pitch of the upper slide should be accurate. Because the tension of each string is different, the force required to press the string is also different. It is relatively easy to press the strings in the high-pitched area, and the strength in the middle and low-pitched areas is slightly greater. Only by listening and practicing more can we accurately grasp the pitch of the glide.

Second, the sliding sound.

Overview of fingering

1, what is the fingering symbol of the glide?

And vice versa? The fingering symbol of the glide is located at the upper left of the note. It's like going up a slide.

2. The teacher demonstrates the sliding sound.

The method of playing the glide is as follows: the left hand presses the alto 5 to the pitch alto 6 on the left side of the piano code, then the right hand plays the string, and then slowly releases the left hand after playing, so that the sound is integrated from high to low.

Step by step teaching

Let's explain step by step.

3. The first step is to set the string.

The method of playing strings is the same as sliding up.

4. The second step is playing.

First, the left hand presses the alto 5 to the pitch alto 6 of the upper chord. On the count of one, the right hand fingers play alto 5, on the count of two, and the left hand slowly releases.

You need to pay attention to the following questions during the practice:

1) The pitch of the left hand should be accurate. After the left hand presses the pitch of alto 5 to the pitch of alto 6, it stays still.

2) Master the playing method of pressing first, then playing and then loosening. Wait until the right hand is finished, and then slowly release the left hand, not too fast.

Third, the comprehensive practice of sliding up and down

1, the practice method here is: first play with your right hand, then press it with your left hand, then play the strings with your right hand, and then slowly release it with your left hand.

2. Play in several beats

Count to 1, with the right hand flicking, count to 2, with the left hand pressing the string to the required pitch, count to 3, with the left hand still, with the right hand flicking again, count to 4, with the left hand slowly released, so that the sound slides from high to low.

Fourth, etudes

Slide up 1, slide down 1, slide up and down 1.

homework

1. Sliding practice 1. Slide exercise 1. Slide up and down 1. Call five times a day.

Play the music I learned before twice a day.

Pay attention to the following questions when playing:

(1) The first nail should touch the string head-on and bounce to the palm of your hand; Don't play with the side of the armor to avoid making noise.

(2) The metacarpal joint drives the facet joint to play, and pay attention to the facet joint not to collapse in.

(3) When the index finger is playing, the other fingers naturally relax.

(4) When you are a beginner, don't play too hard, but play gently to ensure that your hands are naturally relaxed.

etude

Exercise 1

Demonstration exercise of right hand 1

Left-handed demonstration exercise 1

You can practice on 6, 3, 2, 1 with the same fingering.

Exercise 2

Right hand demonstration exercise 2

Left-handed demonstration exercise 2

When playing these two etudes, it should be noted that each note should be played after the fingers are in place, so as to keep the hand surface stable and not jump up and down.

Learn a few little tunes played by fingering.

musical creation

Music 1 Spring Water

1, solfeggio

2. Demonstration performance

Music 2 "Sit in Rows"

1, solfeggio

2. Demonstration performance

Music 3 "Little Tree"

1, solfeggio

2. Demonstrate playing music 4 "Hide and Seek"

1, solfeggio

1, solfeggio

2. Demonstration performance

When playing this piece of music, you should pay attention to the stability of your hand shape and don't jump up and down.

When practicing after class, play the music of "You and Me" and "Do You Know" five times a day.

1 1 guzheng basic teaching course: debugging a good guzheng also plays a vital role.

In the process of debugging, there are generally the following precautions:

1, don't let go.

2. Install the Zheng code according to the position of the Zheng code diagram. For example, the correct placement of No.8 Zheng code: there are a number 8 and a number 9 on the Zheng code schematic diagram, which form a right angle like a staircase. When installing the Zheng code, just stick any foot of the Zheng code directly on the blank right angle.

3. During transportation, the position of the schematic diagram may be slightly shifted, which can be slightly adjusted: the right-angled vertical line of the schematic diagram of the Zheng code, that is, the position of the Zheng code on the right Moon Mountain is relatively fixed (D-tone), and the upper and lower positions can be slightly adjusted to ensure that the chord holes on both sides of the Zheng code and the chord groove on the top white corner of the Zheng code are correct.

4. Make sure the strings are arranged evenly, because the two ends of the guzheng are irregular. The width of the right Yueshan (the end of the tuning box) is generally about 35 cm, and the width of the front Yueshan is about 30 cm. The distance between each chord of 265,438+0 should be 65,438+0.45cm, and the distance between chord holes of 265,438+0 is about 29 cm (this is a relative number, which can be up and down). All chords should be displayed as trapezoid. When adjusting the string order, you can directly take the right as the standard (the right Yueshan is two fingers wide), and the eye edge is enough.

5. Personal requirements for the hardness of strings. Our goal is to debug for most users in the case of D key. Some users like the strings to be softer, so we can loosen the strings at the position of our existing schematic diagram (this is very important, otherwise the right shift of the Zheng code will instantly break through the limit of the strings), then move the Zheng code parallel to the right by 08- 1.5 cm, and then debug it to the standard pitch with the calibrator, thus achieving the goal; Some users like to make the strings harder. According to the position of our schematic diagram, they can move the Zheng code to the left by 0.8- 1.5 cm in parallel, and then tighten the strings slightly, and fine-tune them with the tuner. However, this will increase the tension of the strings and reduce the service life, which is generally not recommended.

6. Guzheng sounds are all debugged, and the sound of a certain string is a bit boring. After inspection, the strings are not damaged, and the standard pitch has been debugged, which is not very good. This situation is rare. If it still exists in the operation specification after inspection, you can check whether the strings (about 1.5cm) and string holes of Qianyueshan (S-shaped Yueshan) are not in a straight line with the main strings on the panel when installing the Zheng code. If so, loosen the string a little first, and then gently dial it back to the straight line.

7, correctly set the position of the bracket. The support of the guzheng is high or short, the high one can be placed in the groove of the foot of the piano, and the short one can be placed in the S-shaped sound hole. Don't exceed or press it. If you feel unstable, you can slightly adjust the left and right angles of the short bracket.

8. Empty the speakers. The tuning box on the right is dedicated to tuning. Some users like to put wrenches, nails, tapes, MP3 players, mobile phones and other items into storage boxes and cosmetic boxes, which will cause noise.