Worship the special traditions of each ethnic group ah

Hui embroidery is a relatively famous folk handicraft, which has been passed down from generation to generation by old artists to women of Hui ethnic group. Sandu County villages have embroidery artists, many fine arts, they use the agricultural season carefully embroidered. They first buy thicker and tougher paper from the market, cut it into various animals, flowers, plants and birds, stick it on the fabric, and embroider it carefully with floral threads. With their insight into things, aesthetic concepts and skillful craftsmanship, they make all kinds of embroidery to show outstanding artistic talent and creativity.

The embroidery mainly includes the baggage carrier for carrying children, women's flower shoes, waist, head scarf and so on. Horsetail embroidery is the best of the aquatic embroidery, the production method that is wrapped in white silk thread on the horsetail silk, and then use this horsetail silk thread and colorful silk thread, placed on the green cloth shell, set into a variety of geometric patterns and flowers, birds, insects and grasses, constituting a structural integrity, vivid image, colorful and beautiful picture, so at the same time the use of two needles, a needle holding the silk thread, a needle back and forth to pick the embroidery into a bed of exquisite horsetail embroidery! A bed of delicate horsetail embroidery takes almost a year to embroider. Embodying the water tribe girl's dexterity and the crystallization of the folk craft and excellent cultural heritage of this nation, the connotation of embroidery often contains the water tribe people's longing for a better and happier life in the future, aspirations and wishes, but also contains the girl's expectations of their own youthfulness and fondness for the feelings of the girls.

Shui silver craft

Shui silversmiths are also generations of silver crafts, specializing in the production of national characteristics of the decorations, such as women's silver collar, bracelets, earrings, silver hairpins, silver comb, waistband silver chain, ring, pressure collar, etc.; children wear silver cap Fu, Luohan, silver bells, silver tablets and so on. Nowadays, there are counters specializing in silver jewelry in the private trade stores in Sandu Water Autonomous County and Libo County. Most of the silversmiths are concentrated in Jiuchian, Shuilong, Zhouqin in Sandu and Shuiyao in Libo.

Shui carving

Shui carving skills also have a high level. There are two kinds of carving: stone carving and wood carving, and the stone carving process is mainly used in sarcophagus tombs, stone bridges and temples. As far as in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the stone carving of the Shui ethnic group has reached a high level, and the sarcophagus tomb group in the township of Lianlang belongs to the key cultural relics protection unit of Sandu Shui Autonomous County. The tombstones are not only engraved with rigid Chinese characters, but also with relief carvings of flowers, birds, insects and animals and figures traveling, as well as copper drums and bird patterns favored by the people of the Shui ethnic group. In addition, there are also one-sided monuments, three-sided monuments, five-sided monuments, pavilion monuments, eight-fold doors and so on. The carving of various patterns, fine craftsmanship, realistic image, lifelike. Nowadays, there are stone carving artists in all water tribes, and there are dozens of them in Yangan alone. Wood carving process is mostly used in buildings, windows, shrines, beds, cabinets, engraved patterns are mostly dragons, phoenixes, flowers and plants, etc., detailed and beautiful, Vivid.

Shui bamboo

Shui bamboo weaving technology is also very clever, each village will use white bamboo, gold bamboo weaving dense mat, chaise longue, chair, dustpan, rice basket, bamboo sieve. Jiuqian area will weave hats, Libo County Dongtang sleeping mats, as early as the Qing Daoguang period has been famous at home and abroad. This mat is tough and meticulous, smooth and cool, can be folded into the family line bag, when used to open the spread as before, no signs of breakage, but also has a high artistic value. As for baskets, baskets, fish baskets, chicken cages, dung baskets and other daily tools, a few households around the house will be. Now, these products have been developed from daily utensils to be prepared as boxes, clothes boxes, exquisite hats, children's toys and other arts and crafts gifts. Embroidery and paper-cutting and other arts is the crystallization of the wisdom of the Daur women. Embroidery in a wide range, shoe tips, pillow tops, smoke purse, pillowcase, mantle, tablecloths, bedding sets and so on. The embroidered patterns are bright and vivid, natural and simple, with harmonious color palette and clear hierarchy, giving people a sense of movement and ecological sense. And paper-cutting is not only colorful, but also formed an independent art in the plastic arts, taking the form of multi-layered chain, symmetry and radiation mainly in the form of cloud circle pattern. Used to do embroidery art, birch bark utensils styling art decorative pattern of the base pattern; also do some of the decorative patterns around the canopy wind mouth, etc., its artistic effect is a multi-layered rough and bold style.

The Daur ethnic group is hard-working, intelligent people, folk crafts and carving art, decorative arts, painting art. These crafts not only has a long history, and skillful, unique methods, passed down to this day.

Deang plastic arts, common performance for the silver collar, earrings, silver bracelets, silver cigarette cases and other household items. On these items are often to carve flowers embedded treasure, the production of fine. Wood, stone carving is common in the Shakyamuni statue and Buddhist temples in the earth, wood relief. There are also beautifully shaped, glazed glossy good variety of ceramic pots, made on both sides of the hands cupped or engraved with symmetrical bird patterns such as ceramic pipes. In these areas, the Deang have their own craftsmen and artistic talent. In terms of artistic style, they are mostly influenced by the Han and Dai ethnic groups, as well as by Hinayana Buddhism. At the end of the 1950s, there was a Deang carpentry technician who was already in his 70s and was often invited by Buddhist temples to make murals and colorful paintings on beams and hanging squares, which was very influential in the area.

The Deang embroidery is also very fine. It is common to see women embroidering flowers, grasses or geometric designs on the hem of their upper garments with silk threads of various colors. Young men like to pin some pom-poms of various colors on their tube pajamas and on the ends of their heads. The women's waist bands are finely crafted, with silver threads wrapped around them, and some are painted red, black or light yellow, depending on one's favorites. Some in the rattan circle carved flowers, grass, animals and other patterns, which reflect the unique style of the Deang plastic arts.

Bamboo weaving of the Deang: A variety of bamboo is the raw material for the Deang to weave bamboo utensils. Deang adult men generally know how to weave, and there are a lot of very high craftsmen specializing in bamboo weaving old people, can weave a variety of beautiful patterns of daily life utensils and supplies, there are gabion fences, grain baskets, baskets, baskets, baskets, hanging baskets, gabion tables, gabion beds, gabion boxes, dustpans, chopsticks, Herzhe traditional paintings mainly dress patterns, birch bark utensil patterns, custom paintings, and so on. Costume patterns mainly include animal-shaped patterns, swirl patterns, diamond patterns, spiral patterns, etc. Among them, spiral patterns are the most popular, and are generally used to decorate the back body and front lapel of breast scarves and robes. In the birch bark products, also painted with similar decorative patterns or patterns. These patterns unique shape, generous composition, bright colors, with chic ethnic characteristics.

The custom paintings vividly show the Herzhe people in the early years of fishing and hunting life style, their clothing, food, housing and transportation, religious ceremonies, wedding and funeral ceremonies, festivals, beliefs and habits in the custom paintings can be reproduced in its entirety, is our study of Herzhe culture and art of the precious information. Jiejinkou ethnic township 77-year-old fisherman painter You Yonggui painting more than a hundred mostly custom paintings.

Rock paintings are ancient paintings drawn on rocks. For example, rock paintings reflecting the early days of the Hezhen people are preserved on the rocks in Sakachi-Aliang village place along the Heilongjiang River. One of them is painted with fire, serpent, sun and so on, which is a masterpiece of primitive religious art, is a true record of the spiritual life of the ancient Herzhe ancestors. There are also rock paintings of hunting scenes, in which people, galloping horses and animals are painted vividly, very moving.

The Hezhen plastic arts are more developed, mainly patterns, paper-cutting, carving, with a long history, with the characteristics of the nation, they come from life, practicality, for the majority of the people love.

Pattern art is the most developed in the Hezhen plastic arts, people wore in the early years of clothing, shoes, hats, bedding, are painted with a variety of patterns, especially in women, children's clothing on the pattern is more rich and colorful. Some of them are with various colors of cloth, brazing leather or dyed animal skin cut into various blocks, and then put together into a symmetrical geometric pattern, cloud pattern, fish scale pattern and wave pattern; some of them are sewn with colorful threads into a variety of cloud patterns, flowers, butterflies, small animals and so on. The Hezhen people like to use these works of art made of bedding, cushions, women's and children's clothing, both sturdy and beautiful.

The Hezhen people are good at paper-cutting art. Because they have long lived a life of fishing and hunting, familiar with a variety of birds, wild animals, flowers, plants and trees, so they often use their own dexterous hands, the paper cut as the wings of the birds, wild animals, vivid flowers, plants and trees.

Herzhe carving is very fine, mainly in the boat or housing, hats, rocking car, box and a variety of daily utensils, such as pots, boxes, bowls, spoons, baskets and other birch bark crafts, to take the yin and yang carving or point and line combination of carving clouds, flowers, plants, birds, animals, fish and insects, mountains and rivers, trees, very beautiful. Secondly, in the "Kida" ① carving a variety of exquisite patterns, giving people a sense of beauty of uniformity and coordination.

[Note: ①Kida, Hezhen language, refers to the short spear.

Knife shells as well as fishing cages, etc.

Ancient traditional craft skills of the Qiang, mainly such as picking and embroidery, were commonly prevalent as early as the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Qiang women have been trained in the crafts of flower picking and embroidery since they were young, often engaging in systematic technical operations such as spinning, weaving hemp, flower picking, and embroidery in their spare time from farming labor. The Qiang women's flower picking and embroidery, one does not sample, two does not draw lines, all rely on their own wisdom, as well as skillful techniques, dexterity, and free use of five-color silk thread and cotton thread, hand picking and embroidery rich in Qiang characteristics of the pattern, such as colorful geometric patterns, lifelike flowers and animals, and so on.

Traditional Qiang flower picking and embroidery techniques, most of the needlework is used in flower picking, and there are several other types of flower picking, fiber flower picking, chain buttons and hand embroidery. Pick flowers mostly use cotton thread, the pattern is exquisite and detailed, looks simple and generous, very bright; pick flowers of the color to black and white contrast mostly, there are also a few are picked with the color line. Nana flower, fiber flower pattern is clean and colorful, some of the ribbon full-color line of the jagged strip arrangement, the use of nana flower stitch, contrasting, brilliant, like a colorful rainbow neon. The chain buckle shows the robust and simple, rough and bold artistic style of the Qiang people.

The patterns of Qiang flower picking and embroidery crafts are mostly taken from folk production and life practices. Flowers, grasses, melons, fruits, lions, deer, fishes, insects, birds and figures are found everywhere. The embroidery patterns of Qiang women are not only exquisite and beautiful, but also contain auspicious and wishful contents, full of longing and desire for a happy life. The main traditional patterns are: "Groups of Flowers like Brocade", "Fish and Water Harmony", "Moths and Moths Playing with Flowers", "The Phoenix Wearing Peonies", "Melon and Peony", and "The Melon and Water Harmony".

There are dozens of kinds of these lovely paintings, such as: "The flowers are like brocade", "Fish and water are harmonious", "Moths play with flowers", "The phoenix wears peony", "The melon and gourd", and "The group of lions".

The Qiang people wear beautiful embroidery patterns on their dresses, belts, girdles, shoes, and women's headscarves, cuffs, lapels, and even the soles of their socks. Not only do they add color and splendor to the fabrics by picking flowers and embroidery; but they also make use of the dense stitches in the easy-to-wear parts of the fabrics to strengthen the wear-resistant properties and prolong their service life. Therefore, the Qiang's picking and embroidery have both craft value and practical significance; they show the craft skills of Qiang's picking and embroidery, but also reflect it as a part of the Qiang culture, originating from the life and higher than the life and enriching the characteristics of the art of living.

In addition, the bronze and iron tripods made by Qiang craftsmen, as well as silver jewelry such as hairpins, earrings, bracelets, silver medals, rings, etc.; and stone dogs, stone pillars, doorways and inscriptions chiseled by stonemasons are all very exquisite and beautiful. It shows that Qiang craftsmen of all kinds are highly skillful in their workmanship. The same performance of the Qiang folk crafts, reflecting the Qiang people's hard work, wisdom, and with the social and economic development of the Qiang people, continue to improve and enhance the historical process.

The arts and crafts include embroidery, lacquer-painting, dyeing and weaving, carving, and silverware making, etc., which are finely crafted. Especially the carving has a high level, in furniture, buildings, Buddhist shrines, etc., can be seen on the carving of a variety of animals, plants. In addition, architecture, painting, etc. also have certain national characteristics.