Appreciation of Su Shi's Songs in the Key of Water

The Song of Songs in the Mood for Water is written in a dashing manner, free from scrolling, with feelings and scenery blending, and the realm and thoughts together, with a profound thought and a high realm, full of philosophy, and is a model work of Su Shi's words. The following is my collection of "Song of Water" Su Shi words appreciation, I hope it can help you!

Introduction

"Song of Songs in Water" was written by Su Shi, a great writer of the Song Dynasty, when he was in Mizhou during the mid-autumn in 1076 AD (the ninth year of Emperor Xining of the Song Dynasty). This song is based on the moon, and his brother Su Zhe's seven-year love of not seeing, around the mid-autumn moon to develop the imagination and thinking, the world of sadness and joy into the philosophical pursuit of the universe and life, reflecting the author's complex and contradictory thoughts and feelings, but also shows the author's love of life and positive optimism. The first part of the lyric asks for the sky to reflect the persistence of life, and the second part asks for the moon to express the goodness of life. The writing is elegant and free, the mood and the scenery, the situation and the thought together, the thought is profound and the realm is high, full of philosophy, is Su Shi words of the paradigm work.

Originally

Song of the Water Tune

In the mid-autumn festival of the year cingchen (1), I was drunk until the day (2), and I was very drunk, so I wrote this article, and I also remembered Ziyu (3). (Preface)

When will the moon come out, and when will I drink wine and ask for the blue sky (4)? I don't know what year it is in the heavenly palace (5). I want to go back by the wind (6), but I am afraid of the jade palace (7), which is too high to be cold (8). I want to go back by the wind (6), but I am afraid of the jeweled buildings (7), which are too cold for me to live in (8).

Turning to the vermilion pavilion, low qǐ [qǐ] household, light sleepless (11). There should not be hate, what is long to part round (12)? People have sorrows and joys, the moon has its own shade, and this matter can never be complete (13). But I wish people would last long (14), and thousands of miles of *** Chan Juan (15).

Notes

(1) bingchen: refers to the year 1076 AD (the ninth year of Xining of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty). In this year Su Shi was the governor of Mizhou (present-day Zhucheng City, Shandong Province).

(2) Dadan: until dawn.

(3) Ziyu: Su Shi's younger brother, Su Zhe's character, and his father, Su Xun, his brother Su Shi, known as the "three Su".

(4) put wine: pick up the wine cup. Put, hold, hold.

(5) heavenly palace que (què): refers to the palace in the moon. Que, the stone platform behind the ancient city wall.

(6) return to: go back, here refers to go back to the moon palace.

(7) Qiong (qióng) Lou Jade Yu: buildings made of beautiful jade, referring to the imaginary fairy palace.

(8) 不胜(shèng，旧时读shēng) cannot withstand, cannot bear. Sheng (胜): to bear, to withstand.

(9) clear shadow: meaning that the figure under the moonlight also follows various dancing postures. (ng) can't stand it, can't bear it, can't bear it.

(10) Ho like: Ho as, where to compare.

(11) turn the vermilion pavilion, low qǐ (qǐ) door, shine on the sleepless: the moon moves, turns the vermilion pavilion, hangs low on the carved windows and shines on the people who have no sleep (referring to the poet himself). Zhu Ge: the ornate vermillion-red pavilion. Qidou: ornately carved windows and doors.

(12) should not have hate, why long (cháng) to the parting time round: (the moon) should not (to people) have any grudge it, why biased in the separation of people round it? What is the matter: why.

(13) This matter: refers to people's "happiness" and "harmony" and the moon's "clearness" and "roundness".

(14) But: only.

(15) Qianli***chan (chán) juan (juān): I only hope that the two of them will be safe and sound year after year, and that they can enjoy the beautiful moonlight together even though they are thousands of miles apart. ***: to enjoy together. Canyuanjuan: refers to the moon.

Vernacular Translation

On the Mid-Autumn Festival in the year of the Cingchen, I happily drank wine until the next morning, and got so drunk that I wrote this lyric while thinking of my younger brother Su Zhe.

When did the bright moon begin to appear? I raised my glass of wine and asked the sky. I don't know what year and month it is tonight in the palace in the sky. I want to ride the wind back to the sky, but I am afraid that in the jade building, can not bear the cold towering nine sky. I'd like to dance and enjoy the moonlight, but I don't think it's as good as it is on earth.

The moon turned the vermilion pavilion, hanging low on the carved windows, shining on their own without sleep. The moon shouldn't have any resentment towards people, right? Why is it round only when people are leaving? People have sad and happy changes, the moon has the transformation of cloudy and round, this kind of thing since ancient times is difficult to complete. I just hope that all the people in the world can be safe and healthy, even if they are separated by thousands of miles, they can also **** enjoy this beautiful moonlight.

Composition Background

This poem was written in 1076 AD, when the author was in Mizhou in the mid-autumn of the ninth year of Emperor Xining of the Song Dynasty. The preface before the poem explains the process of writing the poem: "In the mid-autumn of the year bingchen, I was drunk for a long time. I wrote this piece, and also remembered Ziyu." Su Shi, because of his political differences with Wang Anshi and others who were in power to change the law, asked to be exiled, and moved around in different places to serve as an official. He once asked to be transferred to an official position closer to Su Zhe in order to have more meetings with his brother. In 1074 AD (the seventh year of Xining), Su Shi was sent to Mizhou. After arriving at Mizhou, this wish could not be realized. In the Mid-Autumn Festival of 1076 AD, the moon was shining in the sky, and there was a silver glow all over the place, after the lyricist and his brother Su Zhe were separated, they hadn't been reunited for seven years. At this moment, the word facing a round of bright moon, the ups and downs of the heart, so by the wine is full of excitement, pen wrote this famous piece.

Appreciation

This word is a mid-autumn moonlight reminiscence, expressing the infinite nostalgia for his brother Su Zhe.

The preface to the poem says: "In the mid-autumn festival of the year bingchen, I got drunk and wrote this piece, and also remembered Ziyu." Bichen, is the year 1076 AD (Northern Song Emperor Xining nine years). At that time, Su Shi was the governor of Mizhou (present-day Zhucheng, Shandong Province), and on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, he drank while enjoying the moon until dawn, so he made this song "Song of Water". Su Shi's life was characterized by Confucianism and pragmatism. But he also "milk milk good road", after middle age, and had said "return to the Buddhist monks", is often in the Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in the entanglement. Whenever he was frustrated and disillusioned, the thought of Lao and Zhuang rose to help him explain the confusion of the poor, the passers-by, and the retrogressors. In 1071 A.D. (Xining four years), he was sentenced to Hangzhou as a magistrate of Kaifeng, in order to avoid the vortex of political disputes in Bianjing. In 1074 AD (Xining seven years), he was transferred to Mizhou, although voluntarily, but in essence, he was still in the position of cold treatment. Though he was in a position of "face plus abundance" and showed some open-mindedness, it was difficult to cover up his deep-seated anger. This mid-autumn song is precisely the sublimation and summary of this kind of perilous experience of the eunuch's journey. "Drunkenness is the main theme of the poem, and "remembering Ziyu" is the secondary theme. For the author, who always upholds the moral principle of "honoring the lord and protecting the people", the separation of brother and sister and personal feelings are, after all, secondary ethical loads compared to the national situation of worrying about the border. There is a subtle hint of this in the preface to the title.

In the moon this imagery concentrated on the infinite beauty of human vision and ideals. Su Shi is a bold character, romantic temperament of the writer, when he looked up at the moon in the mid-autumn, his thoughts and feelings as if on the wings, the sky and the world to fly freely. Reflected in the words, it formed a bold and unrestrained style.

The word on the moon, not only with the spirit of the strong thoughts, the high catching confused, but also down-to-earth, since the amount of elegance and high-mindedness. At the beginning of a question: when did the moon start to have - "When is the moon? Ask the sky with a glass of wine." The detail of asking the sky with wine has similarities with Qu Yuan's "Heavenly Question" and Li Bai's "Asking the Moon with Wine". The obsession of its questioning and the thought of escaping from the dust do have a similar kind of essence, qi, and spirit penetrating into it. In terms of the motivation for creation, Qu Yuan's majestic poem "Heavenly Questions", which contains more than 170 questions, was written after he was banished from the mountains and lakes, and after he had seen "pictures of the gods of heaven and earth, mountains and rivers" and "ancient sages and holy monsters" in the temple of the late king of Chu and the ancestral halls of the ministers. After seeing the "pictures of the gods of heaven and earth, mountains and rivers" and the "acts of the ancient sages and monsters" in the temples of the late kings of Chu and the ancestral halls of the ministers, he asked them (Wang Yi, "Preface to the Ch'u Rhetoric: Tianwen"). It is the product of the touching and stirring of the scene. Li Bai's poem "Ask the Moon with Wine" is self explanatory: "The late Jia Chun asked me to ask about it." It is also a work of improvisation. Su Shi's poem, as stated in the preface, is a rhapsodic piece of music after drinking and looking at the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and also belongs to "a work of improvisation" (Wang Guowei's "Words on Earth"). All of them are characterized by abruptness and strangeness. In terms of the psychology of creation, Qu Yuan, before entering the temple of the late king, had already "sighed in contempt of Hao Min and looked up to the sky" (Wang Yi, "Chu Rhetoric Chapters and Phrases - Preface to the Heavenly Questions"), and was in the state of emotional ecstasy, so he asked for the blue sky, "like a fool but not a fool, and he was extremely angry and sad" (Hu Junyuan, "A New Commentary on Chu Rhetoric", "A New Commentary on Chu Rhetoric - Preface to the Heavenly Questions"). Hu Junyuan, "New Notes on Chu Rhetoric" (楚辞新注求确). Li Bai is "only wish when the song to wine, the moonlight long light in the golden bottle" ("ask the moon to wine"), the kind of frustration due to disappointment and frustration of the depressed mood, but also breath can be smelled. Su Shi wrote this poem in the year of the B-chen, when he asked to be reappointed to Mizhou because of his opposition to Wang Anshi's new law. Both have a strong concern about the political situation of the court, but also expect to return to the complex mood of Bianjing, so when the Mid-Autumn Festival, a drink and drunkenness, interest in the appendage in the rhythm. The three men's psychology of creation is actually the vein of the dark through.

Su Shi took the sky as his friend, and asked for a drink, showing his bold character and extraordinary courage. Li Bai's poem "ask the moon with wine" says: "When will the moon come to the blue sky? I stop my cup to ask it today." However, Li Bai's tone here is more soothing, and Su Shi's tone is more concerned and urgent because he is trying to fly to the moon palace. "When will the bright moon come?" This question seems to be tracing the origin of the bright moon and the origin of the universe; and it seems to be marveling at the ingenuity of creation, from which the poet's praise and yearning for the bright moon can be felt.

The next two lines: "I don't know what year it is in the palace in the sky." For the moon's praise and yearning for a more advanced layer. From the time of the birth of the moon to the present has been many years in the past, do not know in the moon palace tonight is a what day. The poet imagines that it must be a good day, that is why the moon is so full and bright. He wanted to go and have a look, so he went on to say, "I want to go home on the wind, but I am afraid that the agate tower and jade building are too high to be cold." The Tang Dynasty called Li Bai the "Exiled Immortal", and Huang Tingjian called Su Shi and Li Bai the "Two Exiled Immortals". Su Shi himself envisioned that he had been a man in the moon in his past life, and thus thought of "returning by the wind". He wanted to fly to the Moon Palace on the wind, but he was afraid that the Qionglou and Jade Yu there were too high and could not bear the cold there. "Qionglouyuyuu", from "Daye Gleanings": "Qu Qianyou in the river bank to play with the moon, or that there is no such thing? Qu laughed and said, 'You can follow me to see it.' I saw the moon in the middle of the sky, and the agate buildings and jade buildings were rotten." "not overcome the cold", alluding to the "Ming Huang Miscellany" in the allusion: the night of August 15, Ye Jingneng invited Ming Huang to visit the Moon Palace. Before leaving, Ye told him to wear leather. To the moon palace, really cold hard to support. These lines expressly write the high cold of the Moon Palace, implying the brightness of the moonlight, the ambivalence of both yearning for heaven and staying on earth is very implicitly written out. Here there are two words worth noting, is "I want to go back by the wind" of "go back". Maybe it is because Su Shi has longed for the bright moon, and has long taken it as his home. From Su Shi's thoughts, he was y influenced by Taoism, holding a transcendent attitude to life, and like the Taoist art of health, so he often had the idea of going out of the world to become immortal. His "Former Red Cliff Fugue" describes the feeling of floating in a boat under the moon, saying: "Hao Hao is like Feng Xu Royal Wind, and I do not know what it stops; floating as if the world is independent, feathered and ascended to immortality." It is also by looking at the moon and thinking of ascending to immortality, which can be corroborated with this lyric. The reason for the lyricist to have this kind of fantasy of being detached from the world and transcending nature comes from his curiosity about the mystery of the universe on the one hand, and his dissatisfaction with the reality of the world on the other hand. There are so many unsatisfactory and unsatisfactory things in the world, forcing the lyricist to fantasize about getting rid of this troublesome world, and going to the jade palace to live a free and easy life of the immortals. Su Shi was later relegated to Huangzhou, when he had similar fantasies, the so-called "boat from this passed away, the river and the sea to send the rest of his life". However, this is only an intention, which is interrupted by another opposite thought: "I am afraid that the agate buildings and jade houses are too high to be cold". These two lines take a sharp turn, although the "Qiong Lou Jade Yu" in the sky is rich and beautiful, but it is too cold to live there for a long time. The lyricist deliberately identifies the shortcomings in the beauty of heaven to strengthen his determination to stay on earth. One positive and one negative, revealing the lyricist's love for life on earth. At the same time, here is still writing about the mid-autumn moonlight scene, the reader can appreciate the beauty of the moon, as well as the coldness of the moonlight. This twist shows the ambivalence of the lyricist who is both in love with the earth and longing for heaven. This contradiction can more profoundly illustrate the lyricist's love for the world and love of life, showing the lyricist's open mind and far-reaching aspirations, thus bringing a kind of open-minded style to the lyrics.

But Su Shi, after all, more love of life on earth, "dance clear shadow, how like on earth!" Instead of flying to the cold moon palace, it is better to stay on earth to dance in the moonlight! The "clear shadow" refers to the clear figure of oneself under the moonlight. "Dancing and making clear shadow" means dancing and playing with one's own clear shadow as a companion. Li Bai's "Drinking Alone Under the Moon" says: "I sing the moon wandering, I dance the shadow in disorder." Su Shi's "Dancing and making clear shadows" was born from here. "The high place is not cold" is not the fundamental reason why the author does not want to go back, "dance and make clear shadow, how like on earth" is the root of the place. Instead of flying to the cold moon palace, it would be better to stay on earth and dance under the moonlight, at least you can still be accompanied by your own clear shadow. This song starts from fantasizing about going to heaven, and then returns to the feeling of loving the earth. From "I want to" to "and fear" to "how similar" in the opening and closing of the psychological twists and turns, showing the ups and downs of Su Shi's emotions. He finally returned to reality from the illusion, and in the contradictory entanglement between the world and the world, the worldly thought finally prevailed. "Why is it like being on earth?" is an unquestionable affirmation, and the robustness of the writing shows the intensity of the emotion.

The next piece of nostalgia, that is, both nostalgia for Ziyu, by the full moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival associated with the separation of the world, at the same time, feel the impermanence of the life of the clutch. "

The second part of the poem is about the moon, which is the moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival, and also about Ziyu. This refers to the deep feeling of nostalgia for one's younger brother, but it can also refer to all those who can't sleep because they can't be reunited with their loved ones during the Mid-Autumn Festival. "Sleeplessness" refers to those who cannot sleep because of the sadness of not being able to reunite with their loved ones. The lyricist unreasonably complains about the bright moon, saying, "You shouldn't have any grudges, why is it always round when people are parting?" In contrast, it adds to the sorrow of the departed. This is complaining that the moon is deliberately making things difficult for people, adding sorrow to people, and the unreasonable tone further sets off the lyricist's deep love for his brother, but also implicitly expresses sympathy for the unfortunate departed people.

Then, the poet turned the brush, said some words of relief to excuse the moon: "People certainly have sadness and happiness, the moon also has a roundness. She has the time to be covered by dark clouds, has the loss of mutilation ` time, she also has her regrets, since ancient times in the world is difficult to have perfect things." These three lines make a high generalization from man to moon and from ancient times to the present. In terms of tone, it seems to be answering the previous question on behalf of the bright moon; in terms of structure, it is pushing away another layer, transitioning from the opposition of man and moon to the integration of man and moon. To absolve the moon, it is essentially to emphasize the optimism of the personnel, and at the same time to send hopes for the future. Because there is a time for the moon to be full and a time for people to be together. It's very philosophical.

The words end with: "I wish for a long time, thousands of miles **** Canyuan Juan." "Cindy" is a beautiful look, here refers to Chang'e, that is, on behalf of the specified moon. "***Chan Juan" means "*** bright moon", an allusion to Xie Zhuang's "Moon Fugue" of the Southern Dynasty: "Thousands of miles away from the *** bright moon." Since parting on earth is inevitable, as long as loved ones are alive and well, even if they are thousands of miles away, they can still connect the two places through the bright moon that illuminates the world, and communicate with each other's hearts. "Wish for a long time" is to break through the limitations of time; "Thousands of miles of **** Canyuan Juan" is to break through the barrier of space. Let the love of the moon unite people who are separated from each other. In ancient times, there was a saying of "Divine Friendship", in which good friends could not see each other but could communicate with each other in spirit. "Thousands of miles of **** Cain Juan" can also be said to be a kind of divine friendship, these two lines are not the general self-congratulation and **** encouragement, but expresses the author to deal with the attitude of time, space, and life, such a number of major issues, fully demonstrates the richness of the lyricist's spiritual realm of the broad. There are two lines in the poem of Wang Bo: "A friend in the sea, a distant land is like a distant land." The meaning is deep and long, and it is a good line, which is similar to "Thousands of miles of **** Canyuan Juan". In addition, Zhang Jiuling's "Looking at the Moon" says: "The moon is at sea, the sky is at the end of the world." Xu Hun's "Autumn clearing send far" said: "only should wait for the bright moon, thousands of miles with you." All of them can refer to each other. Wish everyone peace every year, thousands of miles apart can also *** enjoy the beautiful moonlight, expressed the author's blessings and thoughts of loved ones, showing the author's open-minded attitude and optimistic spirit. Su Shi was the one who dissolved the poetic meaning of his predecessors into his own works and melted them into a universal emotion. As stated in the preface of the poem, this poem expresses his nostalgia for his younger brother Su Zhe (Ziyu), but it is not limited to this. It can be said that this lyric is Su Shi on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, to all those who are experiencing the pain of parting to express the good wishes.

This is one of Su Shi's masterpieces. From the point of view of artistic achievement, it is a strange idea, unique, extremely rich in romanticism, is recognized as the Mid-Autumn Festival in the words of the masterpiece. In terms of performance, the first half of the word is written vertically and the second half horizontally. The first half of the word is written longitudinally and the second half is narrated horizontally. The first half of the piece is an update of the myths of the past generations, and also a transmutation of the immortal poems of the Wei, Jin, and Six Dynasties. The second half of the piece is purely in white, with the human and the moon as well. It is called a deduction of physics, but in fact it is an explanation of personnel. The strokes are intricate and swaying. In terms of layout, the first piece rises up in the air, and the place where it enters seems to be virtual; the next piece has waves cascading over one another, and returns to the virtual and turns to the real. In the end, the real and the imaginary are intertwined, winding to end. The whole lyrics set a clear and majestic scene, with the moon as the center of the expression of the immortal "return" and straight dance "on earth", away from the desire and into the world of the contradiction and confusion, as well as openness and self-sufficiency, life long optimism square and the best wishes, very rich in philosophy and human feelings. It is very philosophical and humane. It is far-reaching in intention, novel in conception, and fresh and picturesque in mood. Finally, it ends with a feeling of openness, which is a natural expression of the lyricist's feelings. It is a natural expression of the lyricist's feelings. It has a high aesthetic value because of its combination of emotion and rhyme, and its magnificent realm. The whole lyric is full of good sentences, typically reflecting the style of Su's words, which are clear and majestic.

The author has not only labeled the "absolute cosmic consciousness", but also rejected the "dismay in front of the magical eternity" (Wen Yiduo commented on the "Moonlit Night of Spring Flowers"). He does not treat the changes and development of nature in a completely transcendent way, but endeavors to seek the meaning of life from the laws of nature, which is "to amuse oneself as one pleases". Therefore, although the lyrics are basically a kind of autumn chanting, but read does not lack of "touching the spring", attracting people upward rhyme.

The song "Song of Water" has always been highly regarded. Hu Zai "Campsis Fishing Hidden Series of Words" that this word is the best of the words written in the Mid-Autumn Festival. The lyric seems to be a dialog with the bright moon, in which the meaning of life is explored. It is both rational and emotional, and is very intriguing. Therefore, it has been recited for nine hundred years. Wu Qian's "Frosty Day Dawn Corner": "And singing Dong Po's "Water Tune", under the clear dew, the lapel is full of snow." The Water Margin", the 30th time, wrote that on August 15, "we can sing a mid-autumn song about the moon and the scenery", and the song is this "one of Dongpo's mid-autumn "Water Tune Song"." It can be seen that the Song and Yuan time the prevalence of singing. The mood of the whole word is bold and broad, optimistic and open-minded, the feeling of yearning for the bright moon, the feeling of attachment to the earth, as well as the romantic color, dashing style and the general language of flowing clouds and water, can give people a healthy aesthetic enjoyment.

Reviews

Song Cai Tapi, "Tiewei Mountain Series", Volume 3: The singer Yuan twist, is the Tianbao of Li Guinian also. The song was written by Mr. Yuan, who is also a member of Tianbao's Li Guinian. Tried to say for me: "Dongpo Gong used to tour Jinshan with guests, in the middle of the autumn eve, the sky is four pendant, a blue infinity, plus the river is infinite, the Russian moon is like a picture, so **** climbed Jinshan Hill top of the peak of the wonderful peaks, the order of twisting the song song of the water song, said: 'When is the bright moon? Ask the blue sky with wine.' After the song, Poe for the dance and consultant said: 'This is the immortal carry on! I said: 'article characters, sincere thousands of times, the next generation An get it?'"

Song Hu Yin "wine side of the set of preface": a wash of the state of Cherry incense, get rid of the degree of silk mu宛转, so that people climbed to see the distance, lifting the head and song, and escape from the Huai Haoqi, beyond the dust and dirt.

Hu Zai, "Fishermen's Hidden Words", Volume 59: The first gentleman tasted: Poe's words "low Cherry House", tasted "Peeping Cherry House". The two words have been changed, and the words are better.

Hu Zai "Fishermen's Hidden Words" Volume 39: Mid-Autumn Festival words, since Dong Po "Song of Water", the rest of the words are abolished.

Yuan Li Ye "Jingzhai Gujin Huang" Volume 8: Dong Po "Song of Songs in Water": "I want to take the wind to go home, I am afraid that the jade tower, high up in the cold. I want to return by the wind, but I am afraid that the agate tower and jade building will be too cold for me to live in. This is the most common form used by lyricists at the time. For example, Lu Zhiyun said, "I want to find my way through the flowers and go deep into the white clouds. I am afraid that in the depths of the flowers, the red dew will wet my clothes." The cover is also like Dong Po's words. In the recent past, the old man Zhao Bingwen also said: "I want to go home on a whale, but I'm afraid that the gods and goddesses will think that I am really drunk. Laughing and shooting the hands of the group of immortals, a few times in the dream body?"

Qing Cheng Hong, the first of the word clean: the first half of this word from the pen of the celestial fairy.

Liu Xizai, "Introduction to the Arts," Volume IV: words to not violate the original position as high. Dongpo full of fragrance: "the old gentleman's grace has not been repaid, the empty head back to play tongs sad song." The language is sincere and generous, but not as generous as the Song of Water: "I want to go back by the wind, but I am afraid that the jeweled buildings will be too cold for me to live in." The most important thing to remember is that it's not just about the words, it's also about the way they're written.

Zheng Wenzhuo commented on the "Dongpo Lefu": the beginning of the immortal heart from the Taibai deconversion, and suddenly became a strange and elegant pen. The first is the "Puisne", which is the word for "full", and the second is the "Puisne", which is the word for "three".

Author Introduction

Su Shi (1037-1101), Song Dynasty writer. The character Zizhan, also known as the character and Zhong, the name of Dongpo Jushi. He was a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now in Sichuan). He was the eldest son of Su Xun. In 1057 A.D. (the second year of Jiayou), he was admitted as a bachelor of arts. He was a general judge of Hangzhou, and a governor of Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou, and Yingzhou. In 1080 (the third year of Yuanfeng), he was relegated to Huangzhou for slandering the new law. Later, he was relegated to Huizhou and Danzhou. When Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty was established, he was pardoned and returned. He died in Changzhou. He was posthumously awarded the title of Wenzhong (文忠). He was a learned and versatile scholar, good at writing, poetry, calligraphy and painting. In the word "bold, do not like to cut to the sound of the law", rich in subject matter, open, break through the late Tang Dynasty and the early Song Dynasty since the "word for the Yankee Section" of the traditional fence, poetry for the word, the creation of bold and open school of words, the later generation has had a great impact. There are "Dongpo Seven Collections", "Dongpo Words", "Dongpo Yi Zhuan", "Dongpo Lefu" and so on.