What is the main grain cultivation in China?

(1) In the vast area south of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains and east of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the rice area accounts for about 95% of the whole country. According to regional differences, it can be divided into three areas.

① Double cropping rice areas in southern China. Including Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan and Taiwan Province provinces south of Nanling. This area belongs to tropical and subtropical humid area, with rich water and heat resources, long growing period and large multiple cropping index. It is a double-cropping rice producing area in China, which is dominated by indica rice. Three-season rice is planted in low latitudes such as Hainan.

② Single and double cropping rice areas in the Yangtze River basin. Including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing, Sichuan, Shanghai and other provinces and cities north of Nanling and south of Huaihe River in Qinling, as well as southern Henan and southwestern Shaanxi. This area is located in the subtropical zone, with abundant heat, fertile soil, abundant precipitation, dense rivers and lakes and convenient irrigation. Over the years, the rice planting area and output accounted for about 2/3 of the country respectively, making it the largest rice producing area in China. Yangtze River Delta, He Lixia Plain, Central Anhui Plain, Poyang Lake Plain, Central Jiangxi Hill, Dongting Lake Plain, Central Hunan Hill, Jianghan Plain and Chengdu Plain are the most concentrated areas in this area. Double-cropping rice is mostly planted in the south of the Yangtze River, while single-cropping rice rotates with other crops in the north of the Yangtze River. Both indica and japonica rice are distributed.

③ Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau rice region. The terrain in this area is complex, the vertical climate changes significantly, and rice varieties also have the characteristics of vertical distribution. Indica rice is planted at an altitude of about 2000 meters, and the crisscross area between japonica rice and indica rice is around1500m, and indica rice is planted below1200m. This area is dominated by single season.

(2) The vast area north of Qinling-Huaihe River is a scattered area of single-season japonica rice. The rice planting area accounts for about 5% of the total rice planting area in China. It has the characteristics of large dispersion and small concentration. Mainly distributed in the following three areas with sufficient water resources: Northeast rice is mainly concentrated in Yanji, Songhua River and Liaohe River in Jilin; North China is mainly concentrated in Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces and the river banks and low-lying areas in northern Anhui. Northwest China is mainly distributed in Wei Fen Plain, Hetao Plain, Yinchuan Plain, Hexi Corridor and some oasis areas in Xinjiang. One-season japonica rice is the main rice planted in scattered production areas in northern China, and its rice quality is good.

wheat

(1) Spring Wheat Region

China's spring wheat accounts for more than 10% of China's total wheat output, which is mainly distributed in areas north of the Great Wall and west of Minshan Mountain and Daxue Mountain with cold climate and short frost-free period. Wheat can only be sown in spring and harvested in the same year, which is a one-year product. Among them, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Xinjiang are the main producing areas.

(2) The northern winter wheat areas are distributed in the provinces and regions south of the Great Wall, east of Liupan Mountain and north of the Huaihe River in Qinling Mountain, including Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces. It is the largest wheat production and consumption area in China. The sown area and yield of wheat in this area account for more than two thirds of the country, and it is known as the "wheat granary" in China.

(3) The southern winter wheat area is located in the area south of Qinling-Huaihe River and east of Hengduan Mountains. Anhui, Jiangsu, Sichuan and Hubei provinces are concentrated production areas, and most of them are cotton and wheat double cropping systems. The residents in this area live on rice, so the commodity rate of wheat is very high.

corn

Corn is a high-yield crop with high economic value, and it is the most important miscellaneous grain in China, ranking third only to rice and wheat among food crops. The output is second only to the United States, ranking second in the world. Corn is not strict with natural conditions, and it is widely distributed in China and other places, with Jilin, Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning and Sichuan producing the most.

Other crops

(1) sorghum

Sorghum has the characteristics of drought resistance, waterlogging resistance, saline-alkali tolerance and strong adaptability, and is planted in arid areas, waterlogging areas and saline-alkali areas in northern China. Sorghum is widely distributed in China, with the northeast plain being the most concentrated, followed by the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and Huaibei Plain.

(2) Xiaomi

Millet is a traditional food crop in China. Millet has strong drought resistance, less water demand, about 1.5 times lower than that of wheat, less strict requirements on soil and shorter growth period. Millet is easy to store, suitable for grain storage, and has high nutritional value. It is mainly distributed in Keshan area from the north of Huaihe River to Heilongjiang Province.

(3) potatoes

Sweet potato is the main crop in China, followed by potato. Sweet potatoes are mainly distributed in the south of latitude 42, with the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the Sichuan Basin and the Pearl River Basin as the main producing areas, among which Sichuan and Shandong have the largest output. Potatoes are mainly concentrated in Northeast China, western Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and northern Hebei, as well as areas with higher terrain and cooler climate in northern Sichuan, with the highest yield in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia.