What strains have been added to microbial feed?

At present, the application of beneficial microorganisms in aquaculture mainly comes from em invented by Japanese microbiologist Gabi Akio. The main strains contained in em are:

1, photosynthetic flora (aerobic and anaerobic). Such as photosynthetic bacteria and cyanobacteria. It has photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. It belongs to an independent nutritional microorganism and can self-proliferate. The bacterium itself contains more than 60% protein, which is rich in vitamins, coenzyme Q 10, antiviral substances and growth promoting factors. It takes the light and heat received by the soil as energy sources, separates sulfur and hydrogen in the soil from hydrogen in hydrocarbons, and turns harmful substances into harmless substances. It uses plant root exudates, organic substances in soil and harmful gases (hydrogen sulfide, etc.). ), carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc. As a matrix for the synthesis of sugars, amino acids, vitamins, nitrogen-containing compounds, antiviral substances and physiologically active substances, it is an important force for enriching soil and promoting the growth of animals and plants.

Metabolites of photosynthetic bacteria can be directly absorbed by plants, and can also become nutrients for other microorganisms to reproduce. If photosynthetic bacteria proliferate, so will other beneficial microorganisms. For example, VA mycorrhizal fungi feed on amino acids secreted by photosynthetic bacteria, which can not only dissolve insoluble phosphorus, but also coexist with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, doubling their nitrogen-fixing ability.

2. Lactic acid bacteria (anaerobic). Lactobacillus acidophilus is dominant. It forms lactic acid by ingesting sugar produced by photosynthetic bacteria and yeast. Lactic acid has a strong bactericidal ability, which can effectively inhibit the activities of harmful microorganisms and the rapid decomposition of organic matter. Lactic acid bacteria can decompose lignin and cellulose, which are not easy to decompose under normal circumstances, and eliminate all kinds of disadvantages brought by undecomposed organic matter; Synthesize various amino acids and vitamins, produce digestive enzymes, promote metabolism, and have the ability to melt insoluble inorganic phosphorus.

Lactic acid bacteria can also inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria caused by continuous cropping obstacles. When pathogenic bacteria are active, harmful nematodes will increase sharply, plants will weaken, lactic acid bacteria will inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and harmful nematodes will gradually disappear.

3. Yeast colony (aerobic). It uses organic substances such as secretions produced by plant roots, amino acids and sugars synthesized by photosynthetic bacteria to generate fermentation power and synthesize active substances that promote root growth and cell division. The yeast in the original EM dew provides important support for the substrate (food) needed to promote the proliferation of other effective microorganisms (such as lactic acid bacteria and actinomycetes). In addition, the single cell protein produced by yeast is an indispensable nutrient for animals.

4. Gram-positive actinomycetes (aerobic). It obtains amino acids, nitrogen and so on. Photosynthetic bacteria are used as the substrate, and various anti-biomass, vitamins and enzymes are produced, which can directly inhibit pathogenic bacteria. It can obtain the matrix needed for the reproduction of harmful molds and bacteria in advance, thus inhibiting their reproduction and creating a living environment for the reproduction of other beneficial microorganisms. The bactericidal effect of actinomycetes mixed with photosynthetic bacteria is far greater than that of actinomycetes alone. It can degrade refractory substances, such as lignin, cellulose and chitin. And is easily absorbed by animals and plants to enhance their resistance and immunity to various diseases. Actinomycetes can also promote the proliferation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and VA mycorrhizal fungi.

5. Filamentous flora of fermentation system (anaerobic). Aspergillus used in alcohol fermentation is the main body and can coexist with other microorganisms, especially for the formation of esters in soil. Because of its strong alcohol production, it can prevent maggots and other pests and eliminate malodor.