Mudgou village cultural deposits

Puning Mudgou Village, known as the hometown of overseas Chinese and culture, is a villager with the surnames of Zhang, Xu, Chen and other surnames of the population of multiple surnames miscellaneous Ming Dynasty village, with a total population of more than 1.8 million people, the villagers of all surnames live together in harmony with hard-working hands in the upstream of the Lianjiang River, under the Tiger Mountain to create a side of civilization, a rare flower in the garden of the sparkling Chaoshan culture. Nowadays, in addition to education, pension and other facilities, Nigou Village also has a painting and calligraphy room, a homecoming pavilion, a martyrs' memorial mausoleum and other spiritual and cultural activities, which are rarely seen in general villages. Mudgou village has deep cultural deposits, Mudgou lantern riddles, Mudgou Ying songs and dances are famous at home and abroad; nearly 20 kinds of lantern riddles, folklore and other vernacular writings have survived.

Schools are more than "rice stores"

The former site of the "Tongsheng School" is an old ancestral hall. It is the place where Zhang Bofeng ran his school for 40 years. Zhang Bofeng was born in the late Guangxu, 18 years old, graduated from the village Vixin high school, academic performance, by the elders of the clan, stayed in the school to teach. 1928, Zhang Bofeng moved his family to Thailand, and two years later returned to the country, founded the "Tongsheng Literature Specialized School" in the village, personally taught literature classes, the opening of the riddle class. Zhang Bofeng also asked his eldest son, Zhang Zhongyan, to assist in school affairs. Father and son ran the school for 40 years, creating a number of outstanding talents, such as China's famous painter and calligrapher Lai Shaoqi, Teochew playwright Zhang Huayun, riddler Zhuang Xiaosheng, Zhang Boren, etc., are early graduates of the Tongsheng School. Zhang Bofeng's posthumous writings include "Rotten Rude Poetry Collection" and "One Spot Riddle School".

Mudgou village social customs and civilization, known as the cultural township of the reputation of the villagers have long become a **** knowledge. In the 1930s and 1940s, the village set up a mass, chiseled gold, moral education, Migao four complete elementary school. Civilians have civilians, new people, newborns, send hut, Youde, Cuiying and other elementary school and Tono Qing literature courses, field school. Can really be called "school more than rice store"! What is more valuable is that the students read and understand, have embarked on the revolutionary path of anti-Japanese and national salvation. Twenty-two of them sacrificed their lives for the revolution. Mass school is the underground party and revolutionary intellectuals founded by the Thai overseas Chinese donated funds and organized, is one of the strongholds of the anti-Japanese salvation movement in Phu Ninh.

In Mudgou, we saw the middle and elementary school buildings, all very beautiful, and most of them are related to the word "overseas Chinese".

The former site of the Garden Book Club

There is a unique building next to the painting and calligraphy room in Mudgou Village, which is the "Dongfang Villa" where Zhang Mingzhi, a scholar at the end of the Qing Dynasty, studied. During the war, a group of young people from the village formed the "Garden Reading Club" here to read progressive books and carry out revolutionary activities such as anti-Japanese propaganda and salvation.

The building's main door facing south, the lintel molded with "Dongfang Villa" 4 words, a row of 3 small buildings in the courtyard towards the east, for the two-story building, the middle of a larger, in front of a platform of about 1.5 meters high. The front wall is decorated with a line from the Tang Dynasty poet Liu Yuxi's "Inscription on a humble room": "This is a humble room", presenting an aroma of books. In front of the building is a small garden, and to the east is a 4-meter-square dry pool with a ruined railing, but the charm of the past is still faintly visible. The founder, Zhang Mingzhi, once went to Thailand to make a living, and after making a fortune, he returned to settle in Zi, and built this small building as a place for leisure and reading. According to the Zhang genealogy, Zhang Mingzhi in the Guangxu period, was ordered to Henan disaster relief, for the merits of the court enjoined "Guangchazhou", the official rank of fourth grade, and was given "Enrong" plaque.

Throughout the ages, there have been many talented people

Mudgou Village has been a village of readers, many talented people. In the Qing Dynasty, there are Tongzhi dibutyl sebacate Zhang Keyan, Qianlong wuwu section of the Jurist Xu Xingjean, Guangxu twenty-four years of the children's test third (Zengsheng) Xu Huisheng, and nearly 20 Gongsheng, Xiucai, and so on. Here, there are several readers of the spirit of governance is worth mentioning:

Hsu Huisheng. Guangxu years to participate in the children's test achieved remarkable results, sent to study in Japan, in Tokyo, Hongwen College Museum teacher training. After completing his studies and returning to China, he served as principal of Puning Sandu Public Higher Elementary School, and later founded Wushi Town Higher Elementary School. At the end of the 1920s, he was suspected by the Kuomintang authorities of covering the revolutionary action of the students of Puning No.2 Middle School, and died of illness when he was living in Shantou. His former residence "Temperance Lodge" collection of more than 1,300 books, his legacy of essays, poems, couplets and other manuscripts. ("Puning County Records" biography)

Zhang Shengdian. "Zhang Shengdian was the second son of Zhang Keyan. Yi Ziang students, routinely taught too students, learned, teaching rigor. Is a microform book calligrapher, there are handwritten book "Zhang's handbook" 11 **** 1.5 million words of the legacy, has been collected by the department of literature and history of Puning. Mud ditch painting and calligraphy room save Zhang Sheng Dian another handwritten copy of "adjacent anecdotes", the whole book about 200,000 words, all with special fine wolf hair vertical writing, extremely neat and beautiful, each word is only sesame seed grain 1/3 size, at first glance on the page seems to be arranged in a straight line.

Zhang Huayun. Graduated from Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, he taught at Puning Normal School and many other schools. After liberation, he served as deputy mayor of Shantou and the first president of Linghai Poetry Society. In the 1930s, he was influenced by Mr. Tao Xingzhi's theories on education and returned to his hometown to set up a field school in the style of Xiaozhuang Normal School. He was widely learned, able to scrutinize the history and culture of Chaoshan with a comparative perspective. His literary attainments were very high, and he successively wrote 32 Chaoshan dramas, of which 8 comedies are considered to be masterpieces. His posthumous works include Zhang Huayun's Comedy Collection, a collection of poems and lyrics called Chikuqiuchangji, and a collection of essays called Chaoshan Kungfu Tea Ceremony.

Zhang Zhongyi. Returned overseas teachers, young with his father Zhang Bofeng in the mud gully with the same literary specialization, since 1947 in Puning a number of school teaching, secondary school language first-class teacher. He has been engaged in education all his life, and after his retirement, he became the director of the calligraphy and painting room in Nigou. Work poetry, calligraphy, there are books "Yishouyuan Poetry and Literature Collection", "Selected Works of Lianwen", "Lantern Riddle Collection" and so on.