What are the Suzhou classical gardens listed in the World Heritage List?

● Chinese Name: Suzhou Classical Garden

● English name: Suzhou Classical Garden

● Approval time:199765438+February.

● Heritage type: cultural heritage

● Heritage selection criteria: The Lion Forest, Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden and Master Garden in Suzhou Gardens are listed in the World Heritage List according to the cultural heritage selection criteria C(I)(II)(III)(IV)(V). 200 1 canglang pavilion is also included in the world heritage list.

Assessment by the World Heritage Committee:

The four gardens in Suzhou, a famous historical city, can best reflect the ideal quality of Chinese classical garden design. Rebuilding Gankun in a short distance, Suzhou Garden is recognized as a model to realize this design idea. These gardens built in16 ~18th century, with their elaborate design, embody the profound artistic conception that China culture conforms to and transcends nature.

● Overview:

Suzhou, Jiangsu Province in the east of China is a famous historical and cultural city in China. It has always been famous for its beautiful scenery and elegant gardens, and has the reputation of "Jiangnan Garden is the best in the world and Suzhou Garden is the first in Jiangnan". According to records, there are nearly 200 gardens in Suzhou. Suzhou Garden is a "literati freehand landscape garden" with profound cultural heritage. Gardeners in ancient times all had high cultural accomplishment and were good at painting. When gardening, painting is the main theme, and poetry is the theme. By digging ponds, planting flowers and trees, poetic landscapes are created. They are called "silent poems, three-dimensional paintings". Swimming in the garden is like enjoying poetry and painting. In order to express the taste, ideal and pursuit of the garden owner, there are poems such as plaques and couplets in garden buildings and landscapes, elegant lotus fragrance as a metaphor for personal character ("Yuanxiangtang" in my humble administrator's garden), elegant vanilla as a metaphor for noble temperament ("Xiangzhou" in my humble administrator's garden) and admiration for the ancients (Hua Fang Zhai by Yiyuan). Canglang Pavilion, Lion Forest, Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden represent Song (960 ~ 1278), Yuan (127 1 ~ 1368) and Ming (1368 ~/kloc) respectively.

Canglang Pavilion, located in the south of Suzhou, is the oldest garden in Suzhou. Founded in the Northern Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty (104 1 ~ 1048), it was once the residence of the famous Han Shizhong in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty (12nd century). The gardening art of Canglang Pavilion is different from others. Without entering the garden gate, a pool of green water surrounds the garden. The park is dominated by rocks, facing an earthen mountain, on which Canglang Stone Pavilion is located. There is a pool under the mountain, and the mountains and rivers are connected by a winding corridor. Ming Dow Hall in the southeast of the rockery is the main building of the garden. In addition, there are 500 immortal temples, Kanshanlou, Cuilinglong Pavilion, Yangzhi Pavilion and Yubei Pavilion.

Lion Forest, located in the northeast of Suzhou, was founded in Yuan Dynasty (AD 1342). Because there are many stone peaks in the garden, which look like lions, it is named "Lion Forest". Lion forest is rectangular in plane, with an area of about 15 mu. There are many beautiful rockeries in the forest, and the buildings are patchwork. The main buildings are Yanyutang, Jianshan Tower, Waterfall Pavilion and Wenmei Pavilion. Lion Forest has a distinctive theme, rich depth of field, distinctive personality, ingenious fake holes and valleys, and unique charm of every grass and tree.

Lingering Garden, located outside Nagato, Suzhou, was founded in the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing dynasty, it was called "Hanbilou", commonly known as "Liuyuan", and later changed to "Lingering Garden". Lingering Garden covers an area of about 50 mu, with mountains and rivers in the middle, which is the essence of the whole garden. The main buildings are Hanbishan Building, Mingse Building, Quxi Building of Cui Yuan Pavilion and Qingfengchi Pavilion. The number of buildings staying in the garden ranks first in Suzhou gardens, and its outstanding treatment in space fully reflects the superb skills and outstanding wisdom of ancient gardeners.

Humble Administrator's Garden, located in Loumen, Suzhou, is the largest garden in Suzhou and a masterpiece of Suzhou gardens. In the fourth year of the Ming Dynasty (1509), the Imperial King, who was frustrated by his official career, built this garden, taking the meaning of "irrigating the garden for eating in the morning and evening" in the Jin Dynasty, which meant that it was also a policy to humble the people. Over the past 400 years, the Humble Administrator's Garden has been divided and combined several times, either as a "private" house, a "golden house" or a "palace", leaving many attractive relics and allusions. The whole park is divided into four parts: East, Middle, West and Residential. Ming Xiu has elegant pavilions and lush flowers and trees, which are the essence of the whole park. The water gallery in the west twists and turns, and the reflection of the balcony is quiet and quiet. East of Pinggang grassland, Zhuwu Qushui, open space.

The bonsai garden and Yashizhai are two bright pearls embedded in the humble administrator's garden. In the west of Humble Administrator's Garden, there is a bamboo hedge with clear trees, which houses exquisite Soviet bonsai. Known as the "treasure of famous gardens", there are more than 50 varieties and nearly 10,000 bonsai. Located in the middle, Yashizhai is a quiet small courtyard surrounded by water and verandah, which displays "strange stones" and is the best indoor supplies. There are all kinds of strange stones and mahogany shelves on desks and bars, which make Zhong Ling more beautiful.

Master Wang Garden is located in the southeast of Suzhou. Founded in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 127 ~ 1279), it was then called "fishing hiding". It was rebuilt in the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1736 ~ 1796), and it was renamed as "Wang Shiyuan" with the old meaning of "fishing and seclusion". Master Wang Garden covers an area of about half a hectare and is the smallest garden in Suzhou. The main buildings in the park are Cong Guixuan, Zhuoying Shuige, Kansong Reading Painting Pavilion and Dianchun Table. The pavilions and pavilions in Master Wang's garden are all near the water, and there is water everywhere in the garden. All kinds of buildings are coordinated and compact in layout, famous for their exquisiteness and typical Ming style.

Suzhou gardens, in a limited space, use unique gardening art to integrate the natural beauty of lakes, mountains, pavilions, businesses and creative art beauty, so that people can feel the natural beauty of mountains and forests without leaving the city. In addition, Suzhou's garden cultural heritage is rich, which embodies the gardening art, architectural features and poems and paintings left by literati, all of which embody the essence and connotation of China's traditional culture.

● Cultural heritage value:

The history of Suzhou classical gardens can be traced back to the gardens of the King of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC. Private gardens were first seen in Dongjiang gardens recorded in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (4th century). Gardens have flourished in past dynasties, and there are more and more famous gardens. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Suzhou became the most prosperous area in China, with private gardens all over the ancient city. 16-1At the height of the 8th century, there were gardens in Suzhou.

As typical classical gardens in Suzhou, Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master's Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa were all born in the heyday of private gardens in Suzhou. They have become models and representatives of many classical gardens in Suzhou with their profound artistic conception, exquisite construction, elegant art and rich cultural connotation.

Freehand Landscape Art Thought

China's gardening art has a deep historical origin with China's literature and painting art, especially influenced by the literati's freehand brushwork landscape painting in Tang and Song Dynasties, and it is a model of literati's freehand brushwork landscape simulation. In the course of its development, China gardens have formed two series: royal gardens and private gardens. The former is concentrated in Beijing and the latter is represented by Suzhou. Due to the differences in political, economic, cultural status and natural geographical conditions, there are obvious differences in scale, layout, volume, style and color. Royal gardens are famous for their grandeur, neatness and richness, while Suzhou gardens are famous for their smallness, freedom, exquisiteness, elegance and freehand brushwork. Because the latter pays more attention to the harmony and unity of culture and art, the royal gardens developed in the later period also absorbed a lot of "freehand brushwork" techniques of private gardens in terms of artistic conception, creative thinking, architectural techniques and humanistic content.

Perfect living conditions and living environment

Suzhou's classical gardens and folk houses are integrated, which can be appreciated, visited and lived. The formation of this architectural form is a creation that human beings attach themselves to nature, pursue harmony with nature, beautify and improve their living environment in a densely populated city lacking natural scenery. Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master's Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa are four classical gardens with complete architectural types and well-preserved. They systematically and comprehensively show the layout, structure, shape, style, color, decoration, furniture and furnishings of Suzhou classical garden buildings. They are representative works of Jiangnan folk architecture in Ming and Qing Dynasties (14-early 20th century) and reflect this period. It once influenced the architectural style of the whole city in the south of the Yangtze River, and brought the design, conception, layout, aesthetics and construction technology of folk buildings closer to it, reflecting the scientific and technological level and artistic achievements of urban construction at that time.

Rich social and cultural connotations

An important feature of Suzhou classical garden is that it is not only the product of history and culture, but also the carrier of China traditional thought and culture. It is manifested in the naming, plaque, calligraphy, carving and decoration of the garden hall, as well as the meaning of flowers and trees and the love of stacked stones. It is not only a beautiful art that adorns the garden, but also stores many historical, cultural, ideological and scientific information, material and spiritual contents. Some reflect and spread various philosophical concepts and schools of thought such as Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; Some preach the philosophy of life and cultivate noble sentiments; With the help of classical poems and literary works, the landscape is embellished, germinated and rendered, so that people can turn the landscape into feelings in their lives and sightseeing, produce artistic beauty and obtain spiritual satisfaction. The park has a well-preserved collection of calligraphy works by famous calligraphers in China, which is a precious work of art and has high cultural value. In addition, Suzhou Classical Garden, as the first house garden in China, reflects the life style and etiquette of folk living and leaving their relatives in the south of the Yangtze River in ancient China, and is the material for understanding and studying the folk customs in the south of the Yangtze River in ancient China.

Canglang Pavilion Canglang Pavilion, located in Sanyuanfang, south of Suzhou, is the oldest garden in Suzhou. It was built by Su Shunqin (Zimei), a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty (1041-kloc-0/048), and was once the residence of Han Shizhong, a famous man in the early Southern Song Dynasty. The gardening art of Canglang Pavilion is different from others. Before entering the garden gate, you will see a piece of green water around the garden. You can cross the bridge before entering. The park is dominated by rocks, facing a dirt mountain and towering. On the mountain, bamboo is slender and ancient trees are dense. On the top of the mountain, there is a blue stone pavilion flying in the air. There is a chiseled pool at the foot of the mountain, and the winding corridor connects the mountains and rivers. There is a flower window in the corridor, through which you can see the faint mountains and rivers. The Ming Dow Hall in the southeast of the rockery is the main building of the garden, and the Ming Dow Hall is opposite to the 500 Sages Hall. The southernmost part of the garden is the Kanshan Building built on a fake cave. To the north of Kanshan Building is Cuilinglong Pavilion, and then turn north to Yangzhi Pavilion. After leaving Yangzhi Pavilion, you can go to Yubei Pavilion.

Canglang Pavilion is quiet and simple, comfortable and natural, like clear water hibiscus, which washes away lead without a trace of powder.

Lion Forest Lion Forest is located in Panru Lane, Suzhou, east of Huayuan Road. In the second year of Yuan Dynasty (1342), Zen master Tian Ru built it in memory of his teacher, monk Zhong Feng. Zhongfeng originally lived in Lion Mountain, Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang Province. The park is rocky and shaped like a lion, hence the name "Lion Forest".

Lion forest is rectangular in plane, with an area of about 15 mu. The southeast is mountainous, the northwest is watery, surrounded by high walls, and the climate is harsh. Lion forest rockeries are numerous and exquisite, with caves and valleys and twists and turns. The buildings in the park are mainly misty rain hall, followed by a small square hall with a snow hall. To the west, you can go to Zhibaixuan, a two-story attic surrounded by exquisite Gao Shuang. To the west of Bai Xuan is the ancient Wusong Garden. The southwest corner is Jianshan Building. From Jianshan Building to the west, you can go to Lotus Hall. In the northwest of the hall, there is a really interesting pavilion next to the pool. The pavilion is beautifully decorated with seaweed and lifelike flowers. There are two stone boats beside the pavilion. On the shore of the stone boat is the "Dimfragrance Light Studio". From here, turn south along the corridor and you can reach the waterfall pavilion, which is the highest place in the whole park. In the west of the garden, the scenic center is Mei Wenting, and in front of it is Shuangxian Pavilion. Shuangxiangxian Pavilion goes south to east, with a fan pavilion in the southwest corner and a small courtyard behind it, which is fresh and elegant. Lion Grove has a distinctive theme, rich depth of field, distinctive personality, and unique charm.

Lingering Garden is located outside Nagato, Suzhou. Originally the East Garden of Xu Shitai in Ming Dynasty, it was owned by Liu Rongfeng in Qing Dynasty. Renamed Hanbilou, commonly known as Liuyuan. In the second year of Guangxu in Qing dynasty, it was taken from Sheng and the name stayed in the garden. Lingering Garden covers an area of about 50 mu, and the whole garden is roughly divided into four parts: central, eastern, western and northern. The central part is dominated by mountains and rivers, which is the original garden and the essence of the whole garden. East, west and north were added during Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. After entering the park, you can reach the central part through two small courtyards. The middle part is divided into east and west areas. The west is good at mountains and rivers, and the east is dominated by architecture. There are mountains in the north and south, pools in the middle and buildings in the southeast. The main hall is the Hanbi Mountain Room. From here to the east is the Minse Building, and to the south is the Greenery Pavilion. Cui Yuan Pavilion is located in the northeast corner of Central China, and osmanthus fragrance is located in the northwest corner of Central China. In addition, there are guest pavilions, Little Penglai, Haopu Pavilion, Quxilou Pavilion and Qingfengchi Pavilion. In the center of the east is Wu Fengxian Mountain Pavilion, which is also called Nanmu Hall, because its beams and columns are nanmu. Wu Fengxian Mountain Pavilion is surrounded by my reading room, Peak Pavilion and Ancient Pavilion. Lin, who is located in the east, said that the museum is beautifully designed and richly furnished. To the north are Guanyun Marsh, Guanyun Pavilion, Guanyun Building and the famous Guanyun, Yun Xiu and Duanyun. Sanfeng is an old relic of the Ming Dynasty. The peak of the cloud is about 9 meters high, exquisite and exquisite, and it has the reputation of "the crown of LAM Raymond stone in Jiangnan Garden". There is a cloud storage temple and a pavilion around it. It's sunny and rainy. There are a large number of buildings in the garden, and its excellent space handling ranks first among all gardens in Suzhou, which fully embodies the superb skills and outstanding wisdom of ancient gardeners.

Humble Administrator's Garden is located in the northeast street of Loumen, Suzhou, covering an area of 62 mu. It is the largest garden in Suzhou and a masterpiece of Suzhou gardens. It was built by the royal historian Wang in the Ming Dynasty (1506- 152 1). After several changes, it has been rebuilt many times. Most of the existing gardens were formed in the late Qing Dynasty.

The layout theme of Humble Administrator's Garden is centered on water, and the pool area accounts for about one-fifth of the total area. Many pavilions are built by the water. The whole garden is divided into three parts: east, middle and west, and the middle garden is its main body and essence. Yuanxiangtang is the main building of the central garden, and other scenic spots are built around Yuanxiangtang. There is a Yellowstone rockery in the south of the main hall, on which there are trees. The north of the main hall faces the water, and the pool is made of earth and stone into two mountains, with a stream bridge between them. There is a "snowy cloud pavilion" in Xishan and a "frost-waiting pavilion" in Dongshan, forming a scene. From the "Xiang Xue Weiyun Pavilion" down the mountain, you can go to the "Hefeng Four-sided Pavilion" in the southwest of the park. Starting from this pavilion, go west via Liu Yin Road, and you can look at the mountain tower in the north, lean against Yuxuan in the south and enter a different place in the west. There are Luyi Hall, Wuzhu Youchu, Xiuqi Pavilion, Loquat Garden, Haitang Spring House and Linglong Pavilion in the east of Yuanxiang Hall. There are small flying rainbows and small blue waves on the west side of the pond. Xiaocanglang is a dry boat like Xiangzhou in the north and Yulantang in the southwest of Xiangzhou. Enter the "Dongtianmen" to reach the West Garden. The main buildings in the West Garden are eighteen Datura flower pavilions and thirty-six Yuanyang pavilions. Two halls * * * one hall, the interior is divided into two parts. The North Hall used to be the host's place for banquets, go to the opera and drum music. It was named "Yuanyang Pavilion" for watching Sheng and Xiao bands play Yuanyang. The South Hall planted Zhu's ornamental camellia, namely Datura Flower, so it was called "Datura Flower Pavilion". There is a hexagonal Yiling Pavilion in the east and an octagonal Taying Pavilion in the south. North of Taying Pavilion, you can go to Liuting. In the northern half of the West Park, there are other scenic spots such as Fu Cuige, Li Ting, who to sit with, and the photo studio. The east of Humble Administrator's Garden used to be the "Home Returning Hall", which was later abandoned. The layout of the Humble Administrator's Garden is dominated by water, which is spacious and quiet, with undulating mountain paths, vertical and horizontal water corridors and smooth circulation everywhere. Elegant style, simple and natural.

Netscape Netscape is located in Shiquan Street, southeast of Suzhou City. Covering an area of about half a hectare, it is the smallest garden in Suzhou. It turned out that the Wanjuan Hall of Stone was located in the Southern Song Dynasty and was called "Fishing Hidden". During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, Song Zongyuan rebuilt it, taking the old meaning of "fishing in seclusion" and renamed it "Netscape Garden". After several changes of ownership, Qianlong returned to Quyuan Village in the 16th year and rebuilt it, which led to today's scale.

Congguixuan in the west building hill is the main hall of Netscape Garden. There are two small courtyards in the south and west of the entrance, which are quiet and quiet, and Gui Xiang is full of courts. There is a "Yungang" in Xuanbei, where Yellowstone is stacked. From west to north, you can go to Daohe Pavilion and Zhuoying Shui Ge. The water pavilion hangs by the pool, leaning against the column and shining on the water, but it is sparkling and dazzling. The central part is the main garden with a pool of water as clear as a mirror. There are corridors, pavilions, pavilions around the pool, and there are stacked stone bridges on the shore, which are dense and well coordinated. Chijiao is the smallest stone arch bridge in the park-the approach bridge. The bridge deck is only 2 12 cm long and 29.5 cm wide. On the west is the inner garden, which covers an area of one mu and forms its own garden. There are houses, pavilions, springs, flowers and grass in the garden, which embodies the essence of Suzhou garden layout. Zhuoying Shuige and Kansong Painting Pavilion face each other across the pool, which is where reading and painting are located. Yuefeng Pavilion is far away from the duck shooting gallery, which is a good place to watch fish and appreciate the reflection in the water. Dianchunshan is a courtyard of its own, where the master learns and cultivates. The environment is quiet and has a typical Ming style. The pavilions of Netscape Garden are full of water, and the garden is full of water. Compact layout, famous for its exquisiteness.

Huanxiu Mountain Villa Huanxiu Mountain Villa is located at No.262 Jingdezhen Road. Originally the former site of Jinguyuan in the Five Dynasties. After several changes of hands and many expansions, Qingdao Light is known as Huanxiu Mountain Villa, also known as Yiyuan Garden. Huanxiu Mountain Villa is small, with only one acre of land and no room for lending. The gardeners moved heaven and earth, piled stones and built mountains, which made this famous garden.

The landscape of Huanxiu Villa is dominated by mountains, supplemented by pool water, and there are not many buildings. Although the garden is small, it is very imposing. Especially during the Qianlong period, the rockery built by Ge, a famous rockfill artist, was a must, covering only half an acre. However, it is only a stone's throw away, surrounded by mountains, and easy to move. The main peak is abrupt in the southeast, and the secondary peak is arched in the northwest, surrounded by water and green trees. There are dangerous paths, caves, valleys, stone cliffs, flying beams and cliffs in the mountains, and the realm is changeable, just like nature. The main peak is 7.2 meters high, the valley is 12 meters long, and the mountain road is more than 60 meters long, hovering up and down, like a high road into the clouds, full of weather. Ge's "Dieshan" adopts the method of "axe splitting", which is concise and vigorous, rigorous in structure, patchwork and natural, and has the reputation of "walking alone in the south of the Yangtze River".

There are pines, cypresses, crape myrtle and magnolia around the hall of Huanxiu Mountain Villa. Thousands of trees are beautiful and the flowers are overflowing, which adds a little vitality to mountains, ponds and buildings.

Retreat Garden Retreat Garden is located in Dongxi Street, Tongli Town, Wujiang. It was built in the 11th to 13th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1885 ~ 1887) and was funded by Ren Lansheng, a retired official. Because it means "meditation", it was named "meditation garden". The whole garden is quaint and elegant, with more than half of the water. The building is built close to the water, and the garden is like floating on the water. It is the only waterside garden building in China, which embodies the style of Jiangnan garden building in the late Qing Dynasty.

The total area of the retreat garden is nine mu and eight points. This garden has changed the vertical structure of the previous garden into a horizontal structure, with the house on the left, the yard in the middle and the garden on the right. The whole garden is compact and natural, combined with plants, presenting four seasons scenery, giving people a quiet feeling.

Retreat Garden is a collection of garden buildings in Qing Dynasty. Every building in the garden can be a landscape by itself and correspond to another landscape. It is a classic in Jiangnan classical gardens.

Art Garden Art Garden is located at No.5 Wenya Lane, Tianku, Nagato, Suzhou. Founded in the Ming Dynasty, it was once called Zuiyingtang, Drugstore Shop and Jingting Mountain House, and was renamed Art Garden in the early Qing Dynasty. The garden has pleasant scenery and simple style, which well preserves the pattern of the early stage of the garden construction and has high historical and artistic value.

The total area of the art park is about 3800 square meters, and the whole garden is centered on about one-fifth of the pool water. There are protruding water inlets in the southeast corner and southwest corner of the pool, and there is a stone bridge with different shapes above the water inlet, which makes the water surface appear open and flowing, without feeling crowded and restrained. In the north of the pool, there is a hall building with Boya hall as the main part. There is a small courtyard at the southern end, with a lakestone terrace. There are five waterside pavilions in the south of the courtyard near the pool, and the wing rooms on both sides are connected with the wing rooms on the east and west sides of the pool. There is a fake mountain in the south of the pool, and the lakes and rocks are stacked into steep paths, which are both varied and natural, giving people the beauty of wonders and the interest of mountains and forests, which can be called the main scenery in the garden. To the east of the pool, there is a "milk fish pavilion" built in the Ming Dynasty, and there is a path outside to connect all places. The "Lu Qin" small courtyard in the west of Chixi is separated from other scenic spots and connected by a circular portal. Stepping into the courtyard gate, you can see the small pond in the courtyard, which seems to be connected with the big pond. This is the only place in Suzhou gardens.

This combination of pool water, stone path and precipice, taking nature and striving to surpass nature, is the most commonly used layout technique of Suzhou gardeners in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Ouyuan Ouyuan is located at No.7, Xiao Xin Lane, Neicang Street, Suzhou. Founded in the early Qing Dynasty, it was renamed "Ouyuan" in the late Qing Dynasty. Because there are two gardens on the east and west sides of the house, this garden is named "Couple Garden", and "Couple" is connected with "Even", which means that the couple return to their fields and live in seclusion.

Ouyuan faces the river on three sides and the street on one side, with a total area of about 8000 square meters. The layout of the park is unique, with the homestead of Jin Si Hall as the center, and the east and west parks and houses are connected by heavy buildings. The East Garden is relatively large, covering an area of about 4 mu. The layout highlights the characteristics of mountains as the mainstay and ponds as the supplement. The main building, facing south, is a group of buildings with double eaves. There are three small courtyards in its southeast corner, which are collectively called "Chengqu Caotang". The West Garden is small in area, and is divided into two small courtyards centering on the former residence of weaving curtains in the study. There is a lakestone rockery in the front yard, a lakestone flower bed in the backyard, a library in the north, and rockeries, flowers and trees, lakestones, etc. in the southwest corner, which is full of interest.

The most famous landscape of Ou Garden is called "Huangshi rockery", which was built in front of the hall of Chengqu Caotang. The half of Shandong is very large, and the stone path in front of the main hall can pass through the platform on the Shandong side and the stone chamber on the west side. The half of the fake Shanxi is very small, gradually decreasing from east to west and ending at the right wall of the small hall. There is a Gu Dao between the east half and the west half, and a pool faces it in the east. There are no pavilions on the mountain, but more than ten kinds of flowers and trees have been planted on the top and back of the mountain, adding a little interest to the forest. The water in the park extends southward with the rockery, and there is a curved bridge on the water. At the southern end of the pool, there is a pavilion built across the water, which is called "Landscape Pavilion". Mountain is opposite to Chengqu Caotang, forming a beautiful scenic spot with mountain as the main body.