Shanghai Education Publishing House, the fourth grade primary school Chinese courseware "Diligent Reading" [3]

The design and application of # Courseware # Introduction Courseware must be combined with the objective conditions of teaching content and other aspects, and specific problems should be treated specifically. If you do it properly, you will get unexpected good results. On the contrary, it will be counterproductive. If boring courseware will inevitably make students lose interest in learning, then a well-designed courseware can closely link students' activity psychology, activate their thinking, enhance their interest in learning, and thus greatly improve their enthusiasm. The following is the second volume of Chinese "intensive reading" courseware compiled and shared by Cornett. Welcome to read and learn from it.

Article 1 Teaching objectives:

1, can read ancient Chinese correctly and fluently under the guidance of teachers.

2. Learn the words by yourself and understand the meaning of the full text with the help of notes, words and dictionaries.

3, understand the meaning of "reading a hundred times, its meaning is self-evident".

Key points and difficulties:

1, can read the text correctly and fluently, and initially feel the rhythm and charm of classical Chinese.

2. Be able to understand the meaning of the full text with the help of notes, words and dictionaries, and say it in your own words.

Teaching process:

First, introduce the story and reveal the theme.

1, the teacher told the story of Kuang Heng's "poaching".

Main content of the story: Kuang Heng is diligent and studious, but there is no candle lighting at home. There are candles in the neighbor's house, but the light can't shine on his house, so Kuang Heng cut a hole in the wall to attract the light from the neighbor's house and let the light shine on the book. There is a big family in the same town who is illiterate and rich. There are many books at home. Kuang Heng went to his house as an employee, and he didn't want to be paid. The host was surprised and asked him why. He said, "I hope I can get your book and read it through." Hearing this, the master sighed deeply and lent him the book. Later, Kuang Heng became a great scholar. )

2. Teacher: There are many people like Kuang Heng who study hard and study hard. They still study hard and make great achievements in a difficult environment. The text we are studying today is ancient Chinese, which also tells us to study hard.

3. Show the topic: study hard and read the topic.

Writing on the blackboard: diligent reading * students read topics.

4. Where did this story come from? Please look at the notes after class.

Student exchange.

Teacher's brief introduction: Is this ancient prose selected from the History of the Three Kingdoms? Wei Zhi? Dong Yu. The History of the Three Kingdoms is a masterpiece of literature and history, which records the history of Wei, Shu and Wu. Wei Zhi? Dong Yu explained that this story came from Dong Yu of the Three Kingdoms Wei Dynasty. Note: it is very important to learn classical Chinese and understand the source of this classical Chinese. Teachers can understand this by letting students read notes after class, and can also cultivate students' habit of reading notes. Students may be interested in reflection? Wei Zhi? I don't know much about Dong Yu and have doubts. Teachers can make some simple introductions about this.

Second, reading the text, the overall perception

1, teacher transition: We have studied several ancient Chinese and know that the language of ancient Chinese is somewhat different from the language we express now. If you want to learn ancient Chinese well, you must first read it correctly and fluently.

2. Listen to the recording of the text and ask the students to pay attention to the pause of the sentence in the recording and mark the book.

3. Teachers lead the reading, students follow, and focus on guiding the reading of two sentences. * Xiu: People who have/learn from scholars must read it a hundred times before encountering/refusing to teach. * After reading, read by name and read together.

Xiu: Read it a hundred times and you will understand its meaning. Teacher: Why is the word "Ji 'an" pronounced as "xi 'an" instead of "Ji 'an"? (Because "seeing" here means "appearing". ) * Read by train. Note: For some sentences that are difficult to read correctly in classical Chinese, the teacher should guide reading sentence by sentence, or help students master the pause of the sentence in paragraphs. There is also a common word in this article. Although there is no need to explain the concept of universal characters, simply tell students the correct pronunciation and why they should read it like this.

4. Students can read freely, read each other at the same table, read by name and sentence by sentence, and read together.

Third, self-study to understand the main idea.

1, Teacher: Students have read ancient Chinese, how can they understand the meaning of ancient Chinese? The teacher recommended some methods to everyone.

Display;

Read the text by yourself and understand it sentence by sentence with reference to your notes.

(2) Look for answers to words and phrases you don't understand with the help of a dictionary.

Try to express the meaning of this text in your own words. You can add some words to make the sentences more fluent.

(4) record the problems that can't be solved and prepare to raise questions.

2, according to the self-study outline, self-study.

3. Feedback communication.

1) Students question and teachers and students * * * dispel doubts.

2) Understand the main idea of the text. * The teacher said the translation, and the students said the corresponding ancient prose.

At the same table, take turns to talk about translation and ancient Chinese in the above form. Description: Using the method of reading in Chinese and English can first reduce the difficulty of students learning classical Chinese and stimulate their interest in learning classical Chinese. Teachers should first talk about the translation of classical Chinese, so that students can understand the content as soon as they read classical Chinese, thus solving the difficulties for students to read classical Chinese. Secondly, it can also strengthen the contrast, which is convenient for students to form a perceptual knowledge of classical Chinese. The two expressions of the same content are very comparable. Students pay less attention to the content of reading and speaking, but focus on the expression of classical Chinese, so as to feel and understand classical Chinese itself more directly.

4. Learn key sentences.

Teacher: Two sentences that Dong Yu said in this ancient prose have become famous sentences, and one of them has been passed down through the ages. Which one is it? * Xiu: Read it a hundred times and you will understand what it means.

1) Tell me how you understand this sentence. After reading it hundreds of times, the meaning of the book will naturally be understood, which means you have to read it carefully to really understand it. )

2) Teacher's summary: This sentence introduces us to a good learning method, which can be applied to our own learning. Read more, read more. There are many words and famous sayings about learning methods, do you know?

3) Show: Learn new things step by step, learn new things step by step, but never get tired of reading.

A person's real knowledge lies in knowing what he knows and what he doesn't know.

4) The teacher reads these words and famous sayings. * Show: Winter people are idle, night people are idle, and rainy people are idle.

1) What are the three redundancies in this paper?

2) Teacher's summary: Dong Yuzheng, as he told others, often studies in three languages and is very diligent.

3) Have you ever felt thirsty in your life? How many days do you have left?

4) Students create "three educations" reading method. * recite these two sentences. Note: When understanding the meaning of this text, students should learn by themselves with the help of notes or dictionaries as much as possible, but teachers should also explain some key sentences, give necessary inspiration and guidance, and make students understand the text better. Especially for some famous sentences of the ages, they have rich connotations, which can make students read them and get a rational aesthetic feeling, and inherit the long-standing culture of China.

Fourth, summarize the full text and extend it after class.

1, students read the full text and try to recite it.

2. Teacher: The students understood the text by themselves with the help of notes and dictionaries. What did you learn from this article? Talk about your feelings according to the sentences in the text.

3. Teacher's summary: China people have always attached importance to reading, and being diligent and eager to learn has become an excellent tradition passed down from generation to generation. I hope this beautiful quality will continue to be carried forward in us.

4. Accumulate famous sentences frequently read by the ancients;

* Show: Reading is like breaking thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god. -Du Fu's black hair doesn't know how to study hard early, but Whitehead regrets studying late. -Yan Zhenqing A day without books, everything goes to waste. -Chen Shoushu hates it when it comes to use, and it is difficult to do things without it. -Lu you

Blackboard design:

Diligent reading

Read it a hundred times and you will understand what you mean.

Winter, after 20 years old, after night, after day, after rain.

Chapter II Teaching Objectives:

1, read the text carefully.

2. Be able to understand the meaning of the full text with the help of notes and dictionaries.

3. Understand the meaning of "read a hundred times and see its meaning".

4. Know the importance of paying attention to the "three leftovers" and studying hard.

Teaching focus:

Can understand the meaning of the full text with the help of notes and dictionaries.

Teaching difficulties:

After a general understanding of the text, read the text several times to understand the true meaning of "diligence".

Teaching process:

Tell the story first and introduce the topic.

1. Tell the story of the ancients who studied hard: hanging beams and stabbing stocks.

Sun Jingyuan, a master of Confucianism in the Han Dynasty, was very studious since he was a child. Even when he was very tired, he refused to rest. Sometimes I am so tired that I fall asleep unconsciously, so I try to tie my hair to the roof beam with a rope. When he lowers his head after a nap, the rope will prick his scalp, and people will wake up so that he can continue reading. Su Qin, a representative of the Warring States Vertical and Horizontal School, made up his mind to study hard at an early age. Whenever he dozed off in the middle of the night, he stabbed him in the thigh with an awl. The pain gave him the spirit to continue studying.

This idiom is often used to describe the spirit of diligent study.

2. blackboard writing topic.

3. Look at the topic together and talk about the meaning of "diligent reading".

Second, read the text and understand the meaning.

1, read normally, listen to the text and read aloud.

2, read the text softly, requirements: read the correct pronunciation, read sentences. Combine translation with word meaning to understand the meaning of the article.

3. Say the words you don't understand.

(Show:

Explain the meaning of keywords.

(1) With the help of comments.

(2) With the help of translation.

(3) use a dictionary.

(4) ask others.

4. Free preparation, requiring students to translate articles sentence by sentence.

Third, experience deeply and understand the content.

1. Read the full text carefully and compare it with the notes. What words in the text reflect the method of diligent reading?

(1) Read it a hundred times and you can see what it means.

(2) More than three hours.

2. Under what circumstances were these two sentences said?

The first sentence: If you refuse to teach.

The second sentence: there is no day for bitterness and thirst.

3. Understanding: If you refuse to teach, you will be thirsty.

4. Understanding: Winter has passed, night has passed, and rainy days are over.

Summary: The ancients didn't need to work in "winter, night and rain", so scholars used this time to do research. Therefore, reading time is squeezed out.

Fourth, reading comprehension and reciting ancient Chinese.

1, repeat. (Pay attention to various forms)

2. Understand what the ancient prose says: Pay close attention to the "three leftovers" and study hard.

3. Guide reciting.

How many words are there in the full text? What did you write?

Verb (abbreviation of verb) expansion

1, talk about the experience of reading in connection with reality.

2. Or think: How did you find time to study?

3. The teacher added that diligent reading is an important way to acquire knowledge and learn. Knowledge comes from three aspects: reading articles, investigation and research, digestion and innovation. Good knowledge of books (including newspapers and periodicals) is the crystallization of the research and wisdom of predecessors and others, so read as much as possible. Limited to time and energy, some intensive reading, some rough reading, some selective reading, reading books and articles and personal needs. Diligent reading requires not only diligent eyes, but also diligent hands. The documents to be saved are either classified, cut and pasted into volumes, or picked up cards to study writing. Diligent reading will increase people's knowledge, broaden their horizons, inspire their thinking and improve their level.

Distribution of intransitive verbs

1, copy ancient Chinese.

2, familiar with ancient prose, back to explain.

Teaching blackboard:

After reading it a hundred times, the old man in winter

Seize the night of "Three Nights".

When it rains, it rains.

Article 3 Teaching objectives:

1, with the help of notes, words and dictionaries, correctly read the pronunciation of "Jian" in the text, understand the meanings of words such as "Cong", "Yu", "Yun" and "Sui", and accumulate words expressing "Shuo" in ancient Chinese.

2. Be able to read ancient Chinese correctly and fluently, and understand the meaning of the full text with the help of the translation.

3, understand the meaning of "reading a hundred times, its meaning is self-evident". Understand the meaning of "study hard for the rest of your life"

Teaching emphases and difficulties:

1. Understand the meaning of the full text with the help of notes, words, dictionaries and translations.

2, understand the meaning of "reading a hundred times, its meaning is self-evident", understand the meaning of "reading more frequently".

Teaching process:

First, lead to the topic

1, write on the blackboard and read together.

2. How to understand these two words? (blackboard writing: diligent reading)

This is the theme of the text we learned today. Look at the text Who knows where this passage is taken from?

4. Dong Yu was a famous scholar of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. It was he who advised people to study hard.

Second, reading the text for the first time

1, read the full text. Listen carefully to me read the text.

2. Self-abuse the full text, read the correct pronunciation and read the sentences.

3. Guide difficult sentences;

Third, read the meaning again.

1, read through the text. Can you understand the meaning of ancient prose sentence by sentence with the help of notes according to the content of the translation?

2. communication.

(1) "If people learn from scholars and refuse to teach, the cloud must be read a hundred times first." Interviewer: My personal experience: Dong: Yes. What other words are expressed in ancient Chinese?

(2) Say, "Read it a hundred times and you will understand what you mean." Say: Say: Now. Show up, understand

(3) From the Scholars, it is said that "thirst is endless". What do you do when you have no time?

(4) When it comes to words, "more than three times." "More than three times." Why?

(5) Or ask the meaning of "three or more". Or: some people. The meaning of "or" in "Its color is yellow, white, ochre or red" is reviewed and compared.

(6) When it comes to "winter is idle, night is idle, and rain is idle." Day: One day. Time: season year: year. What other words or poems mean "year"? Years, years and flowers are similar, which explains the meaning of that sentence: in ancient times, when it rained, it was impossible to work in the fields, so it was also leisure time. If you don't plant crops in winter, you have time to study. At night, there is no modern entertainment at home, so you have extra time to study.

3. After reading the notes, reading the translation and understanding the ancient prose, is there anything you don't understand?

4. Who can contact and tell me the meaning of this ancient prose?

Fourth, third, read the truth.

1, read the ancient prose, understand the meaning, and then read this ancient prose carefully, thinking while reading: What do you know about "diligent reading"? What's the point of watching?

2. communication. The teacher gave it a gentle push.

(1) Read it a hundred times, and its meaning is self-evident. The more times you read a book, the more you can understand its meaning. You can't simply watch it once or twice. Read more, this is "diligent reading"!

(2) There is no day for bitter thirst-don't always "have no day for bitter thirst", be good at squeezing time to study.

(3) Except in winter, except at night, except in rainy days.

The "winter man, night man and rain man" here is what Dong Yu said. What is the rest of the time for? In ancient times, people used their leisure time to study during the day. ) Reading in your spare time is also "diligent reading"! Dong Yu suggested that we use "three jade" to study, while Ouyang Xiu, a great writer in Song Dynasty, used "three quotient" to write. They "read" and "write" diligently, which shows that most of the words written in their lives are on the third day, immediately, on the pillow and in the toilet. Read the sentences, understand and explain briefly.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) expansion

1, Dong Yu has "three shifts" and Ouyang Xiu has "three shifts". Students, think about it. Do you have "one more" and "extra" to read?

2. Summary: After learning this text, I hope you don't use "thirst for a day" as an excuse not to study, but borrow your "spare time" or a moment to study. At the same time, books need to be read repeatedly to understand. This also requires you to be good at squeezing time to study! This is "studying hard" and what the text wants to tell us.

3. End this lesson with a famous saying often read by the ancients. One day without a book, everything will be wasted ————————— Chen Shou (the author of the Three Kingdoms) reads thousands of books and writes like a god. -Du Fu

Blackboard design:

Diligent reading

Read it more than three times, and you can see its meaning.