What is the future development direction of naval weapons?

The naval equipment of developed countries in the world today mainly includes aircraft carriers, nuclear-powered submarines, destroyers, frigates, cruisers and amphibious landing ships. With the rapid development of high-tech with information technology as the core and its wide application in the military field, naval weapons have also shown revolutionary changes. The naval warfare style will also develop from "platform-centered" to "network-centered". All kinds of digital warships will be connected into an organic whole through digital links, and the operational efficiency will be greatly improved.

First, the future aircraft carrier

The aircraft carrier, commonly known as the "Big Mac" at sea, is nearly 200 meters long and has a displacement of tens of thousands of tons. Although the aircraft carrier has the integrated combat capability of "land, sea and air", its huge body is often easily discovered by the enemy and becomes the "target" of many weapons. Therefore, how to hide this huge monster has become the development trend of future aircraft carriers. Stealth aircraft carriers and underwater aircraft carriers will board the future maritime battlefield.

The stealth of the future aircraft carrier is mainly to completely change the superstructure of the traditional aircraft carrier and greatly reduce the optical characteristics and radar reflection cross-sectional area. In the future, the aircraft carrier will eliminate the traditional protruding masts, rotating radar antennas, chimneys and various communication antennas, adopt closed masts and sensors integrated with the bridge, and place weapons such as missiles and naval guns under the deck to make the appearance more flat, low and smooth. For example, the superstructure of CVNX, a new generation stealth aircraft carrier in the United States, will be designed as an inclined polyhedron. In addition, some prominent parts will be coated with radar absorbing coatings and other measures to achieve the purpose of invisibility. In addition, in the future, the aircraft carrier will take corresponding stealth measures to reduce infrared radiation, eliminate the magnetic field of the hull and electromagnetic radiation of electronic equipment, and adopt a new power propulsion system to greatly reduce the noise and acoustic characteristics of the hull itself, as quiet as a modern submarine.

Underwater aircraft carriers can lurk in the deep sea like submarines, and can conduct long-distance covert maneuvers. After emerging from the water, it can be used as a landing platform for fighters, which can be said to combine the advantages of aircraft carriers and submarines.

There will be air-cushion aircraft carriers in the future. This air-cushion aircraft carrier will be a floating platform at sea, not restricted by geographical and sea areas, and not threatened by underwater weapons such as mines. This aircraft carrier will also have the ability to land, and the threat of shoal grounding will not work for it.

Second, the future surface warships

Since human beings made surface warships, they have never jumped out of the range of single ship with poor wave resistance and seaworthiness. Because the future battle will be the integration of various services and arms. In order to meet the needs of future wars, the future surface ships must develop in the direction of small waterplane catamarans, trimarans and ground effect flying wing boats with good wave resistance and strong seaworthiness.

The shape and structure of the waterplane catamaran are composed of planes, and the side of the ship is a plane inclined at 45 degrees. The underwater part of the small waterplane catamaran is provided by two hulls that look like mines and are completely submerged in the water, and warships form a small waterplane catamaran. This warship consists of a torpedo-shaped lower body submerged in the water, a platform (upper body) above the water, and a pillar that connects the upper and lower bodies across the water. Its advantages are large waterline area, small wave interference force and excellent seakeeping in waves. In addition, it has a wide deck and sufficient use space. The above characteristics of the small waterplane catamaran make the waves have little influence on it when it sails on the waves. As far as displacement ship type is concerned, no other ship can sail on waves with less resistance, less stall and better seaworthiness than the small waterplane catamaran. The traditional naval single ship can only reach the highest speed below the level 5 sea breeze, while the small waterplane catamaran can run smoothly at full speed in the larger sea breeze, which is the most ideal naval platform. The stability of a swath is much better than that of a catamaran. In addition to a main hull, it has two wings on both sides, with a displacement of thousands of tons and a hull length of 100 meter, which can last for 20 days.

WIG is a new type of warship, which can fly at sea and soar in the air. This kind of warship uses the ground effect and the principle of dynamic lift to achieve high-speed sea-skimming flight, much like an airplane flying close to the ground. WIG flying wing aircraft need not be afraid of obstacles and minefields in the water. The maneuverability is very superior, and it can even take off and land at will on the terrain where ordinary vehicles are difficult to drive, such as sand and swamp. The future WIG flying wing craft is suitable for anti-ship, air defense, anti-submarine, mine clearance, maritime transportation and other tasks.

Third, the new concept ship

Stealth ship. Because the future battlefield at sea will also be transparent, warships moving at sea will be easily found by enemy reconnaissance equipment, and making warships invisible is the key to improve the survivability of warships on the battlefield. Stealth ships use stealth technology to reduce the various signals of ships, thus reducing the probability of being discovered. They often appear in front of the enemy "unexpectedly" and give the enemy a heavy blow by surprise.

Superconducting spacecraft. Traditional ships, whether nuclear power or conventional power, can't solve the problem of propeller noise, and the noise is easily detected by enemy sonar detectors, thus exposing their position and bringing fatal disasters to themselves. Superconducting ships will completely solve this problem. Superconducting submarines have neither motors nor propellers, and hardly produce any noise. According to the principle of magnetohydrodynamics, this submarine uses superconducting magnets to drain water backwards, thus generating forward thrust.

Amphibious ship. This kind of warship is a high-performance warship, which can move in space, sea and deep sea. It combines the performance of aircraft, surface ships and submarines, and can choose its residence at will.

Pocket boat. This kind of ship is tens of centimeters long, with a small high-energy bomb inside and an automatic identification and tracking system. Under the control of the command center, it can attack enemy ships like a ghost. Before death comes, enemy ships will be unconscious, because pocket ships are like small bubbles in the sea, which are difficult to be detected. The development of nanotechnology makes this pocket-sized micro spacecraft possible.

Fourth, the future shipborne fixed weapons.

Traditional ship-borne weapons are mainly artillery, missiles and machine guns. With the rapid development of high technology, many new concept weapons will be applied to warships.

Ship-borne electromagnetic gun. Electromagnetic gun has the characteristics of high firing rate and no fear of electronic interference, and is an important weapon for future surface ships. The electromagnetic gun fires projectiles by electromagnetic force, without flame, noise and recoil, which is beneficial to covert operations and has very high precision and striking force.

Shipborne laser weapon. It consists of a laser transmitter, a range finder and computer control components, and can emit blue laser beams. The launching speed of the laser beam reaches 300,000 km/s, and the missile of the other side may be destroyed as soon as it is launched. Ship-borne laser weapon has the characteristics of strong anti-jamming ability and fast response speed.