Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional stories - What are the artistic features of Shandong traditional folk art Jiaodong Drum?

What are the artistic features of Shandong traditional folk art Jiaodong Drum?

Abstract: Jiaodong Drum is one of the traditional operas in Shandong. The main accompaniment instruments are Sanxian, Shu drum and steel plate (crescent on the top and rectangle on the bottom). It is a plate cavity structure with seven sounds. The main plates are rising cavity, second plate, flat cavity and falling plate. The artistic means of Jiaodong Drum are mainly rap, telling stories, depicting characters, introducing the environment and rendering the atmosphere through rap. So when did Jiaodong bulge come from? What are the artistic features of Jiaodong Drum? Let's take a look at the historical origin and artistic features of this Jiaodong drum with Bian Xiao! General situation of Shandong Qu species. Popular in coastal counties of Shandong Jiaodong Peninsula. In the past, artists were named after their counties, such as Penglai Drum, Qixia Drum and Rongcheng Drum. Because artists are blind, they are also called blind. 1942, the anti-Japanese base area of Jiaodong Peninsula, led by the producer of China * * *, organized blind artists to set up the Jiaodong Blind Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association, and jointly held training courses with the Jiaodong Literature and Art Association to help blind artists learn politics and reform rap content. At that time, Liang Qianguang, a literary and art worker of Beihai Troupe, was responsible for the professional study of some rural blind artists at the junction of Penglai, Fushan and Qixia counties, learning rap art from artists, constantly absorbing the essence of drum singing in various counties and gradually forming a new style. Before and after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Liang Ganguang sang new lyrics with his troops in Jiaodong, Jinan, Luda, Bengbu, Shaoshao, Yongcheng and other places, which was well received by the soldiers and the masses and was called Liang Pai Drum. 1949, named Jiaodong Drum.

Jiaodong drum, formerly known as "Blind Tune", is an art form of drum music that emerged and became popular in Jiaodong Peninsula. The founder was Shi Yuanlang of Zou County during Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty. After the establishment of Shimen, it has been passed down for ten generations with a history of nearly 200 years. The main epidemic areas are rural areas of Zou, Teng and Yi counties in southern Shandong and parts of Zaozhuang City. In the early days, it was called "Penglai Drum", "Fushan Drum" and "Rongcheng Drum" because of different epidemic areas. In the 1920s, the blind people in Jiaodong Peninsula became more popular, absorbing the vocals of Donglu Drum, Laiyang Tanci and Qiang Mao, and gained new development. 1949, Liang Ganguang entered Qingdao and was named "Jiaodong Drum". Its genre is divided into north, east and south roads according to the three sea areas of Jiaodong Peninsula. "North Road" is popular in Penglai and Yantai. There were Ding, Zhou and Yang Datian in the early stage, and Zhou Dexiang, Ren Futing and Wu Xianda in the later stage. The singing is loud and lively, with strong melody and strong local flavor. "East Road" is popular in Wendeng, Rongcheng, Rushan and other places along the eastern coast of the peninsula. Its tunes are simple and rich in rap, represented by Peng Runzhi, who is called "Peng Diao". "South Road" is popular in Laiyang, Jimo, Haiyang, Yexian and other places along the southern coast of the peninsula. The early famous artist was Xu Shanghou of Laiyang, and later there were famous artists such as Zhang Zhenbao and Feng Dexiang of Qixia. Its singing has been nourished by Qiang Mao, Laiyang Tanci and Donglu Drum Music, and it is unique.

In 26 years (1937), War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out. Based on patriotic enthusiasm, blind artists from all over Jiaodong transformed the blind organization "Huang San Society" into "Anti-Japanese Society for Saving the Blind", waving flags and shouting for anti-Japanese propaganda. 1943, Beihai Troupe Liang Qianguang was ordered to create new words and innovative tunes together with Zhou Dexiang and Ren Futing, serving War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, creating excellent works such as "Da Huang Jia" and "Da Ying", and holding a training course for blind artists in Penglai Swallow Mine, which enlivened the whole Jiaodong anti-Japanese base area with drums. The innovative tune created by Liang Ganguang is called "Liang Diao". Later, he went to Lvda, Qingdao and Jinan to perform, which further expanded the influence of Jiaodong Drum.

The main accompaniment instruments of Jiaodong drum with artistic characteristics are Sanxian, Shu drum and steel plate (crescent on the top and rectangle on the bottom). It is a plate cavity structure with seven sounds. The main plates are rising cavity, second plate, flat cavity and falling plate. In addition, it is sometimes sung with tunes such as [Manzhouli Fan], [Jasmine] and [Doll Tune], and many singers sing in Beijing Opera, so it is also called "Huang Er Drum". The traditional bibliography is rich, including nearly 70 paragraphs such as Tian Xiuying's Dream and Liu Ling's Drunkenness, as well as more than 20 books such as Zijin Bracelet and Shuanglan Ji.

Drum characters are also called "small drums" and "wooden skins". This piece was originally composed of readers' intonation and local popular Li Cuilian minor. Most of the singers are scholars, so the bibliography is self-compiled, which is beneficial to the Xi story of Jiafu in Qufu. Playing short-legged drums, knocking on wooden boards, uncovering manuscripts and singing, commonly known as "uncovering leaves". Because it is a chanting method without strings, the tune varies from person to person, which is extremely unstable and is mostly influenced by flower drums and fishing drums, so it can be said that it is a wooden drum made in Shandong. There are more than 30 war stories's works, such as Spring and Autumn Annals of Wu Yue, Spring and Autumn Annals of Feng Jian, Eastern Han, Western Han, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Ping Donglai, Yue Tang, Tang Can, Tianmen Array and Ming Yinglie.

The artistic means of Jiaodong Drum are mainly rap, telling stories, depicting characters, introducing the environment and rendering the atmosphere through rap. Speak kindly and sing well. Its characteristic is simple and easy to operate. One or two people, one or two musical instruments, or even one person holding a clapping drum board, do not need makeup, do not need clothing, rap wherever they go. Jiaodong drum is also a kind of music that has produced world influence. People can see from the application for the legacy of Jiaodong Drum that Chrysler, the world music master, came to Yantai in 1923 because of its unique charm. He was deeply impressed by the charm of Jiaodong Drum and his creative inspiration followed. Subsequently, his world classic "China Drum" became a portrayal of China and even the world music scene for a hundred years.

Jiaodong drum occupies an important position in Jiaodong folk culture and is a microcosm of the rich and colorful Jiaodong folk culture. Therefore, it is imperative to explore, rescue and protect Jiaodong Drum.

The main feature is "Jiaodong Drum", which has a whole set of vocal drum plate structures, such as drum sleeve, rising, swinging, flat plate, coloratura, sad tone, allegro, reverse tone allegro, counting board, falling board, scattered board and burning paper tone. The beginning of the drum set, which is now the overture, is very difficult and very hard. My father's fighting is natural and unrestrained. He didn't fight with the gentle style of "holding the moon" like a scholar gentleman. Instead, he played a powerful atmosphere, from slow to fast, from fast to urgent, especially when dragging his tail. Our jargon emphasizes baggage. In my father's place, his story is new, the form is new, and the baggage can be opened. The audience was happy beyond description. At the end of each performance backstage, eggs-a rare thing at that time, but many viewers kept stuffing their father's pockets. "Liang Jinhua said this, sitting in the audience listening to his father's sonorous singing, or happy or sad-she is now holding a" moon board "left by his father, made of steel plate (Jiaodong drummers believe in" heaven and earth "Huang San, the emperor is the sun board above, and Rehmannia is the moon board below.

Traditional repertoires include Jiaodong Drum, Xiangzi Harvest, Zhuge Liang Beating Dogs, Zijin Bracelet, The Story of Bees, Populus euphratica He Bing, Tianmen Array, Li Dapeng, Young Heroes, Prisoner of War Camp, Liu Ling Drunk, Sandu Lin Ying, Big Crab and Hungry Wife. Among the most influential new works are Playing Qingshiling, Fighting in Banbidian, Si Liu Turning Over, and Li Dapeng, a Child Hero.

Inheriting the Value Jiaodong Drum occupies an important position in Jiaodong folk culture and is a microcosm of the colorful Jiaodong folk culture. It has played an important role in various historical periods, especially in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. The excavation, rescue and protection of Jiaodong Drum will play an important role in building spiritual civilization in Yantai and even the whole country, enriching people's cultural life, improving people's quality, promoting people's all-round development and building a harmonious socialist society.

Jiaodong drum was first created by the blind, and the singers in the early years were storytellers and fortune tellers. It was only after Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty that it gradually developed into an early drum tune with the combination of "back tune". In the 1920s, the blind people in Jiaodong Peninsula became more popular, absorbing the vocals of Donglu Drum, Laiyang Tanci and Qiang Mao, and gained new development. Jiaodong drum is a popular drum form in Jiaodong Peninsula, which can be roughly divided into three ways. According to the features of Rongcheng and Liu Xueyi in the early years of Qianlong, this music has a history of about 250 years. The accompaniment instruments of Jiaodong drum are drum, banjo and sanxian. In the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out. Based on patriotic enthusiasm, blind artists from all over Jiaodong transformed the blind organization "Huang San Society" into "Anti-Japanese Society for Saving the Blind", waving flags and shouting for anti-Japanese propaganda.