Is there a difference between state-owned enterprises and central enterprises? Which is more "money"?

First, the conceptual difference between central enterprises and state-owned enterprises (only basic concepts, no details). The difference between state-owned enterprises and central enterprises is like the difference between fruits and apples. State-owned enterprises are fruits, and central enterprises are apples. State-owned enterprises, including state-owned enterprises, are just relatively large, good and expensive fruit varieties among state-owned enterprises (fruits).

State-owned enterprises, as the name implies, are state-owned enterprises, enterprises belonging to the state and owned by the whole people, not private enterprises, private enterprises or foreign enterprises. Central enterprises, as the name implies, are central enterprises, the highest level state-owned enterprises, which are directly invested and managed by the central government.

Therefore, the narrow distinction between state-owned enterprises and central enterprises should be: central enterprises are enterprises directly invested and managed by the central government, while state-owned enterprises are enterprises directly invested and managed by local governments.

Central enterprises also have narrow sense and broad sense. The narrow sense of central enterprises we often say generally refers to 148 (98 large central enterprises) managed by SASAC. Central enterprises in a broad sense are managed by SASAC, such as China Aerospace, China Petroleum and China Airlines. There are also the State Council management, such as the Railway Corporation; There are also those managed by the Ministry of Finance and central huijin, such as Bank of China and People's Insurance Company of China. There are other departments and people's organizations in the State Council, such as China Tobacco, China Publishing, China Post, China Gold and so on.

There are also differences in administrative levels among central enterprises, including ministerial level, deputy ministerial level and bureau level. Management authority is different. Party and government positions in some central enterprises are managed by the Central Organization Department, while others are managed by the SASAC Party Committee.

Generally speaking, the deputy ministerial-level and ministerial-level party and government posts of central enterprises are inspected and appointed by the Enterprise Cadre Bureau of the Central Organization Department, with the assistance of the Party Committee of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. For example, the party secretary, chairman and general manager of China Petroleum and China Petrochemical were all announced by the cadres of the Fifth Bureau of the Central Organization Department and the deputy director of the Central Organization Department. There are about 30 such central enterprises, and other smaller central enterprises are appointed and managed by the SASAC Party Committee.

Second, central enterprises and state-owned enterprises have different responsibilities.

The functions undertaken by central enterprises and state-owned enterprises are different. Central enterprises are the economic lifeline of the country and the ruling foundation of the party. The Party strengthens its absolute leadership over state-owned enterprises, strengthens "working for the Party in the economic field", emphasizes the consistency of the two, and gradually puts them in place from the management system. The party secretary and chairman are the monitor of state-owned enterprises, and the general manager is the vice monitor. This has a clearer positioning with the previous factory director responsibility system.

Therefore, state-owned enterprises should bear political, social and economic responsibilities. Performing political responsibilities is fundamental, and enterprises that are not in the right direction will go astray; Social responsibility is the key. Without public trust, enterprises cannot stand on their feet. Economic responsibility is the foundation. Without interests, there is no ability to fulfill political and social responsibilities.

It's too awkward to write like this. Let me give you a simple example:

State-owned enterprises, especially central enterprises, should play the role of stabilizers and ballast stones of the national economy at critical moments. For example, in China Coal Sweater War (homophonic), every central enterprise plays a cornerstone role in different fields. When the country needs the contribution of central enterprises, central enterprises must fulfill their political responsibilities, which is the first responsibility, and also fulfill their social responsibilities, which is the second responsibility.

Therefore, at the critical moment, the first responsibility of central enterprises is not economic responsibility. Central enterprises can't talk about the world by economic benefits, but by political responsibility, and make contributions by theory of social responsibility, instead of "making money".

Let's take another simple example: what if coal-mining countries can't buy oil when they manage and interfere in the oil trade? It is the basis of energy security to increase exploration investment for three barrels of oil, find more oil and exploit it, even if the cost is higher. For example, coal countries block major shipping channels, and foreign companies, private enterprises and private shipping companies are afraid to sail. Shipping companies of central enterprises are not afraid to sacrifice to engage in transportation, otherwise the national economy and national security will be affected.

Third, the development space of central enterprises and state-owned enterprises is different.

Many fresh graduates are asking whether it is better to enter a state-owned enterprise or a state-owned enterprise or a foreign enterprise. From the perspective of social function, private enterprises and foreign enterprises are also important components of the national economy. As long as you eat with your hands, you will contribute to the national economy.

From a pragmatic point of view, the development space of central enterprises is greater than that of local state-owned enterprises. From the perspective of income, the welfare of central enterprises is higher than that of ordinary local state-owned enterprises. From the perspective of long-term stability, central enterprises are more stable. Because state-owned enterprises assume social responsibilities in order to solve the employment problem, they will not easily dismiss employees from society, because this will increase the social burden. Therefore, state-owned enterprises, especially central enterprises, are also a valuable resource.

Some people will point out that state-owned enterprises are inefficient, overstaffed and slow to grow, especially some traditional enterprises, with low wages, poor prospects and limited growth. These "chronic diseases of big enterprises" are slowly being treated. With the deepening of modern enterprise system and the promotion of performance appraisal, the disadvantages of cadres being promoted and demoted, employees being promoted and demoted, and wages being promoted and demoted are changing. The vitality of state-owned enterprises, especially central enterprises, is being released.

Excellent talents are still very optimistic about the opportunity to join central enterprises. The country is advancing the strategy of "going out", and central enterprises are stepping onto the stage of the international market, and more and more outstanding talents are needed. With the exploration and innovation of professional manager system, the salary and treatment of outstanding talents are gradually in line with international standards. If it is said that there is not much room for the development of state-owned enterprises, especially central enterprises, it is really a big mistake.

State-owned enterprises, especially central enterprises, have large platforms, great opportunities and great undertakings. For excellent talents, realizing self-worth is the highest pursuit. Although many high-tech, internet-based private enterprises are also carrying out major technological innovations, central enterprises still have the advantage of "concentrating resources" to do great things. Those big countries are still dominated by central enterprises, and many meritorious figures are still from central enterprises. Central enterprises are now the backbone of the country's future and will provide a broader stage for outstanding talents to start businesses.

To sum up, the whole society should refresh a clear understanding of the positioning and functions of central enterprises and state-owned enterprises. Without the silent efforts of central enterprises and state-owned enterprises, can the country concentrate on doing great things? Without the silent dedication of countless talents from central enterprises and state-owned enterprises, can the country emerge so many development achievements? Therefore, aspiring talents who join state-owned enterprises and central enterprises can still achieve common development of national dedication and personal growth. After reading the above, shouldn't you look up?

Question: Is there a difference between state-owned enterprises and central enterprises? Which family has more money?

Of course, there is a difference between state-owned enterprises and central enterprises, otherwise it is called a name!

Central enterprises are all state-owned enterprises, and state-owned enterprises are not necessarily central enterprises.

Which is richer? Needless to say. In general, it is of course a central enterprise!

I. State-owned enterprises

State-owned enterprises refer to wholly state-owned enterprises, wholly state-owned companies and state-owned capital holding companies that the State Council and local people's governments perform the responsibilities of investors on behalf of the state respectively. Including enterprises at the same level supervised by the central and local state-owned assets supervision and administration institutions and enterprises formed by step-by-step investment.

According to the division of state-owned assets management authority, state-owned enterprises are divided into:

(a) the central state-owned enterprises, referred to as central enterprises, are state-owned enterprises supervised and managed by the central government;

(2) Local state-owned enterprises are supervised and managed by local governments;

The positions of leading cadres of local state-owned enterprises are managed by local party committees and governments, or by the state-owned assets supervision and administration commission of the government and the competent departments of enterprises.

Second, the central enterprise refers to a wholly state-owned or state-controlled enterprise directly managed by the central government or managed by the Central Organization Department, the State Council State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission and other central ministries and commissions. It occupies a dominant position in major industries and key areas related to national security and the lifeline of the national economy and is an important pillar of the national economy.

(1) Central enterprises in a broad sense include three categories:

1. The central enterprises managed by the State Council SASAC are divided into those that provide public goods, such as military industry and telecommunications. Providing natural monopoly products, such as oil; Provide competitive products, such as general industry, construction and trade.

2. The central enterprises managed by the Ministry of Finance and Central Huijin Company belong to the financial industry, such as China Bank, China Agricultural Bank, China Industrial and Commercial Bank, China Construction Bank, Bank of Communications, China Development Bank, The Export-Import Bank of China, China Agricultural Development Bank, China Life Insurance Group, China People's Insurance Group, China Taiping Insurance Group and China Export Credit Insurance Corporation.

3. Central enterprises managed by other departments or mass organizations in the State Council belong to tobacco, gold, railway passenger and freight transportation, ports, airports, radio and television, culture, publishing and other industries, such as China Post Group Corporation, China Publishing Group Corporation, China Supply and Marketing Group Co., Ltd., China International Television Corporation and China Tobacco Corporation.

(2) the narrow sense of the central enterprises:

Usually refers to the central enterprises supervised and managed by SASAC in the State Council. Compared with some other countries, the scope of SASAC supervision in the State Council, China is relatively narrow.

(3) Central enterprises directly under the State Council.

As a special case, in China, except for the central enterprises defined in broad and narrow sense, all the central enterprises that bear special responsibilities in the process of national social and economic development are directly managed by the State Council and belong to the ministerial level.

1, China Railway Corporation.

2. China Investment Company

Three. As of April, 2065438+2009, there were 97 central enterprises managed by the State Council SASAC. The list of central enterprises is as follows:

1, China National Nuclear Corporation Limited

2. China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Limited

3. China Aerospace Science and Industry Group Co., Ltd..

4. China Aviation Industry Co., Ltd

5. China State Shipbuilding Corporation Limited

6. China Shipbuilding Industry Co., Ltd.

7. China ordnance industry group co., ltd

8. China Ordnance Equipment Group Co., Ltd

9. China Electronics Technology Group Co., Ltd..

10, China Aviation Engine Group Co., Ltd.

1 1, China Oil and Gas Group Co., Ltd.

12, China Petrochemical Company Limited

13, China offshore oil group co., ltd

14, State Grid Corporation of China

15, China Southern Power Grid Company Limited

16, China Huaneng Group Co., Ltd.

17, China Datang Corporation Limited

18, China Huadian Group Co., Ltd.

19, State Power Investment Group Co., Ltd.

20 China Three Gorges Group Co., Ltd.

2 1, National Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd.

China Telecom Group Co. Ltd.

23. China United Network Communications Group Co., Ltd.

24. China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd

25. China Electronic Information Industry Group Co., Ltd.

26. China FAW Group Co., Ltd.

27. Dongfeng Motor Group Limited

28 China Zhong Yi Group Co., Ltd.

29. China Machinery Industry Group Co., Ltd.

30. Harbin Electric Group Co., Ltd.

3 1, China Dongfang Electric Group Co., Ltd.

32. Angang Group Co., Ltd.

33. China Baowu Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd..

34. China Aluminum Group Co., Ltd.

China ocean shipping group co., ltd.

36. China Airlines Group Limited.

China Eastern Airlines Group Co., Ltd.

38. China Southern Airlines Group Limited.

China Sinochem Group Co., Ltd.

40. COFCO Corporation Limited

4 1, China Minmetals Group Co., Ltd.

42. China General Technology (Group) Holdings Limited.

43. China Construction Group Limited.

44. China Grain Reserve Management Group Co., Ltd..

45. National Development and Investment Group Co., Ltd.

46. China Merchants Group Limited

China Resources (Group) Limited

48. China Tourism Group Limited [Hongkong China Travel Agency (Group) Limited]

49. China Commercial Aircraft Corporation.

50. China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group Co., Ltd

5 1, China International Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd.

52. China Chengtong Holding Group Co., Ltd.

53 China China Coal Energy Group Co., Ltd.

54 China Coal Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd.

55. Institute of Mechanical Science Group Co., Ltd..

56. sinosteel, China Limited.

57 China Yan Gang Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd.

58. China Chemical Company Limited.

59. China Chemical Engineering Group Co., Ltd

60 China Salt Industry Group Co., Ltd.

6 1, China building materials group co., ltd.

62. China Nonferrous Mining Group Co., Ltd.

63. youyan technology group co., ltd.

64. Beijing Mining and Metallurgy Technology Group Co., Ltd..

65. China International Technical Information Cooperation Co., Ltd..

66. China Institute of Building Research Co., Ltd.

67. China CRRC Limited by Share Ltd.

68. China Railway Communication Signal Group Co., Ltd..

China Railway Engineering Group Co., Ltd.

China Railway Construction Company Limited

7 1, China Communications Construction Group Co., Ltd.

72 China Putian Information Industry Group Co., Ltd.

73. China Information and Communication Technology Group Co., Ltd.

74. China Agricultural Development Group Co., Ltd.

75. China Zhongsi Group Co., Ltd.

China Forestry Group Co., Ltd.

77. China Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.

78 China Poly Group Co., Ltd.

China construction technology co., ltd

80. General Bureau of Metallurgical Geology of China

8 1, China Coal Geology Bureau

82. Xinxing Jihua Group Co., Ltd

China civil aviation information group co., ltd

China aviation fuel group co., ltd

China aviation equipment group co., ltd.

China Electric Power Construction Group Co., Ltd.

chinaenergyengineeringgroupco.,ltd

88 China Anneng Construction Group Co., Ltd.

89. China National Gold Group Limited

90. China General Nuclear Power Corporation Limited

9 1, China Lu Hua Group Co., Ltd.

92. Shanghai Nokia Bell Company Limited

93. OCT Group Limited

94. Nanguang (Group) Co., Ltd. [China Nanguang Group Co., Ltd.]

China xd Group Limited

96 China Railway Materials Group Co., Ltd.

97. China Guo Xin Holdings Limited.

Description:

The 49 central enterprises with serial numbers 1 and 1-49 are deputy ministerial units under central management, and their leading bodies are managed by the Enterprise Management Bureau No.1 of the State Council State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, with the chief positions appointed by the Central Organization Department.

2. The 48 central enterprises numbered 50-97 are bureau-level units managed by the State Council State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and the leading group is managed by the Second Enterprise Management Bureau of the State Council State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission.

Third, the concept of private enterprises is that all non-state-owned enterprises are private enterprises.

All enterprises in China except state-owned enterprises, state-owned assets holding enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises include sole proprietorships, partnerships, limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies. From the perspective of management and control rights of enterprises, limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies that contain a small part of state-owned assets and/or foreign-invested assets but do not have management and control rights can also be called "private enterprises".

For reference only.

The difference between state-owned enterprises and central enterprises mainly lies in two aspects: ownership or control and its role in national economic development. Central enterprises are a subset of state-owned enterprises, which include central enterprises. Bottom line: Central enterprises are all state-owned enterprises, and state-owned enterprises are not necessarily central enterprises. From the perspective of conceptual scope, the scope of state-owned enterprises is broader.

According to the authority of state-owned assets management, state-owned enterprises are divided into central enterprises (state-owned enterprises supervised and managed by the central government) and local enterprises (state-owned enterprises supervised and managed by local governments). Individual central enterprises have a special responsibility in the process of national social and economic development, which belongs to the direct management of the State Council, and these central enterprises belong to the ministerial level.

State-owned enterprises are enterprises owned by the whole people and represent the will and interests of the government. State-owned enterprises are divided into central enterprises and local state-owned enterprises. Central enterprises, that is, central enterprises, are generally directly managed by the State Council; Local state-owned enterprises refer to state-owned enterprises managed by local governments. Therefore, state-owned enterprises, including central enterprises, have a broader concept.

Which is richer?

In the Fortune 500 list in 20 17, there were 1 15 enterprises in China, including 48 central enterprises, accounting for 4 1%.

In terms of national strategy, central enterprises also occupy a dominant position in major industries and key areas that are related to national security and the lifeline of the national economy. As can be seen from the above, compared with other state-owned enterprises, the status of central enterprises can be seen.

Therefore, in general, central enterprises, as leading enterprises in state-owned enterprises, should have better development level and salary than ordinary state-owned enterprises. But this is not an absolute situation, it still depends on the specific location, industry and job type.

Of course, there is a difference between state-owned enterprises and central enterprises. Specifically, central enterprises belong to state-owned enterprises.

State-owned enterprises, namely state-owned enterprises, literally mean state-owned enterprises. The state has control over its capital, and its behavior is the embodiment of the will of the state.

State-owned enterprises in China are divided into multiple levels. State-owned enterprises managed by the State Council or entrusted by SASAC are central enterprises. State-owned enterprises managed by provincial governments are provincial-level state-owned enterprises; The state-owned enterprises managed by the municipal government are municipal-level state-owned enterprises; State-owned enterprises managed by county-level governments are county-level state-owned enterprises.

Generally speaking, the higher the enterprise level, the better the future and the more money.

State-owned enterprises in China, like other enterprises, have the structure of chairman, general manager, manager and staff, but in fact the leaders of state-owned enterprises have corresponding administrative levels. For example, in central enterprises, the chairmen of the three major operators are the deputy department level, while the general managers of provincial companies are the main department level, and the general managers at the prefecture level are the director level, so many leaders of state-owned enterprises can be directly adjusted to government agencies as leaders. Then, like civil servants, the higher the administrative level of state-owned enterprises, the greater the chances of promotion. That is, the group headquarters must be better than provincial companies, and provincial companies will be better than local companies.

But for the local branches of central enterprises and state-owned enterprises at the local level, there is not much difference between them. At this time, we can distinguish these two units mainly by the nature of the unit. For example, tobacco companies and State Grid are all good units by default, and the four major banks are also good. If you can get in, you don't need to hesitate too much. But at present, the life of the three major operators is not so good, especially Unicom, the weakest operator, whose income has not been very high, so it is necessary to measure whether it will go or not. Because many local state-owned enterprises are also very good, for example, Xiamen International Trade ranks first among enterprises in Xiamen, which belongs to state-owned enterprises directly under Xiamen, and the "money way" will be better than many central enterprises.

At the same time, when entering these enterprises, we should pay attention to distinguish whether they belong to formal employees. Although it is not said that enterprises are employees of institutions, there are also different types of employees in enterprises, including regular employees, labor dispatch employees and outsourcing employees. No matter what kind of enterprise, the development prospect and treatment of formal employees will be the best, so the normal dispatch of employees in good enterprises is not as good as that in poor enterprises.

Therefore, which is better, central enterprises or ordinary state-owned enterprises, depends on specific units and types of employment!

Just like a university, there are 2 1 1 and 985 ordinary universities in a university, state-owned enterprises are equivalent to a university, and central enterprises are equivalent to 2 1 1 and 985. Some giants in central enterprises, such as PetroChina and Sinopec, are all vice-ministerial enterprises. The bosses are all appointed by SASAC, equivalent to 985 universities, and some are slightly better than those. Equivalent to 2 1 1 university. Who do you think has more research funds, 985 University or 2 1 1 University? You still have to think about it.

The concept of this problem is unclear. State-owned enterprises refer to state-owned enterprises, including centrally managed enterprises and locally managed enterprises. Central enterprises correspond to local enterprises and are all part of state-owned enterprises. The difference between the two is that central enterprises are directly managed by the central government, while other state-owned enterprises are locally managed.

There are 96 central enterprises in China. Their names generally bear the words "China" and "country", and many of them are large enterprises related to the national economy and people's livelihood, with monopoly, particularity and control. For example, State Power, China Tobacco and China Petroleum are all famous state-owned enterprises.

Because of the special status of central enterprises, the national policy is tilted, and the profits of enterprises are relatively high, which is more "money" than local enterprises.

Of course, the state is also very strict with the fund management of central enterprises, and implements effective supervision policies and auditing systems. The income use of central enterprises also has a certain direction, which can only be used for national key construction projects and people's livelihood projects. For example, in the past few years, the pension was seriously insufficient, and finally it was decided to make up for it with the income of central enterprises.

Hello, landlord, is there a difference between state-owned enterprises and central enterprises? Which is more promising? Strictly speaking, both national liquor enterprises and central enterprises belong to the category of state-owned enterprises, because the enterprises directly under the central government are definitely 1000% state-owned enterprises, but the superior management institutions are different, because the central enterprises are directly managed by the State Council SAAC, so local state-owned enterprises may be directly managed by provincial SAAC, so there is such a difference, but they all belong to the nature of state-owned enterprises.

Compared with some small private enterprises or entrepreneurial small and micro enterprises, it is obvious that such enterprises can play a very good role in their normal growth, including their future career path planning. I think there is no difference between the two enterprises.

So if a state-owned enterprise and a central enterprise are employed at the same time, how do you choose? First of all, you should consider your development prospects and see if your job matches your professional degree, which is better. If the degree of professional matching is exactly the same, we should also consider which work unit is closer to home and which work unit has shorter working hours and higher cost performance. In fact, these are all issues that we should consider. Finally,

State-owned enterprises are divided into local state-owned enterprises and central enterprises. Local state-owned enterprises are provincial, prefecture-level and county-level state-owned enterprises that used to belong to the central ministries and commissions, and now they are under the jurisdiction of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. There are also enterprises directly under the State Council, such as China Railway Group and Shenhua Group. Entering the enterprise is definitely that the bigger the enterprise, the better, and the policy is strong.

I can tell you that state-owned enterprises and central enterprises have no "money" way. If you want to find money, you must go to big companies like Alibaba, JD.COM and IT. But if you don't have the skills and ability, you won't make any money, and you certainly won't have a good life there.