Which sports were founded in France?

Modern tennis generally includes indoor tennis and outdoor tennis. Tennis originated from 12 to 13 century, when French missionaries hit the ball with their palms in the church cloister. Later, it became an indoor pastime in the palace. Some people think that the origin of tennis should be traced back to a ball game called Haiou de Baume, which was circulated among French people before the Hundred Years' War (1337 ~ 1453). It is said that this game is played by two people, each with a racket, and a wall is built around the stadium. After hitting the wall, the ball bounced back and went over the net. Therefore, it has many similarities with modern tennis, both from the use of venues and equipment and from the way of competition, so some people regard it as the original form of tennis.

By the middle of14th century, a French poet introduced this ball game to the French court as a pastime for royal men and women. At that time, this game was played in the hall of the court. There is no net or racket. The ball is rolled into a circle with cloth and tied with a rope. Set a rope in the middle of the field as a boundary, use two hands as rackets, and throw the ball from the rope. French is called Tennez and "Takeit!" In English. Play "means:" catch it! Throw it in the past, and today's word "tennis" comes from it. Soon, wooden rackets were used instead of two-handed rackets. /kloc-At the beginning of the 6th century, this kind of ball game was discovered by French nationals, and began to imitate it out of curiosity, and quickly spread to major cities, improving the equipment. The ball is made more durable, the racket is changed from a wooden board to a parchment board, the surface area of the racket is increased, and the handle of the grip is lengthened. There are countless short ropes hanging to the ground in the middle of the field, which can be clearly found when the ball passes under the rope. Later, it was banned by King Louis of France, stipulating that this was a court privilege game. /kloc-at the beginning of the 0/7th century, the rope curtain was no longer used in the middle of the venue, but a small square net was used instead. The net played a better role than the curtain, and the racket was changed into a threaded tennis racket, which was flexible and light. When playing this game in a French court, a golden container will be placed next to the court. After each game, the audience put money on the plate as a reward for the winner. This method was good at first, and then it gradually evolved into a kind of gambling. At the beginning, the number of people was small, but over time, the gambling became bigger and bigger, and some people even lost all their money, so disputes broke out again and again, and the French king ordered the game to be banned again, which was also the main reason for the decline of tennis in the early18th century. From about 1358 to 1360, this kind of ball game spread from France to Britain. King Edward III of England was particularly interested in this and ordered the construction of an indoor court in the palace. Since then, tennis has become popular in Britain and has become an entertainment activity of British upper class, so it has the nickname of "aristocratic sport". Indoor tennis is very popular during this period. It was not until1September 29th, 793 that the name "tennis on the court" appeared in a British sports magazine. The history of modern tennis generally begins with 1873. That year, an Englishman, Walter Clopton winfield, improved the early tennis and made it a kind of sports activity on the lawn in summer, and named it "lawn tennis". In the same year, a pamphlet named Lawn Tennis was published to publicize and popularize this activity. So winfield is called "the founder of modern tennis". Since then, tennis has become an indoor and outdoor sport. At the same time, tennis clubs have been established all over Britain. 1875, All England Tennis Club was established. This club built the first tennis court in the world, and held the All-England lawn tennis men's singles championship in 1877, becoming a world-famous wimbledon championships. With the extensive development of tennis and the increasing frequency of competition activities, it is of course impossible without unified rules. So at 1876, representatives of famous tennis clubs in some regions got together to discuss and formulate unified tennis rules in Britain. After many consultations, the representatives of all parties finally reached a consensus on the tennis court, equipment, play and competition, and formed unified rules. After about 1878, most tennis clubs in Britain gradually carried out activities, training and competitions according to the new style of play. 1874, Mary Outerbridge, an American lady who was on holiday in Bermuda, became interested in the sport after watching the tennis match of British officers, so she brought tennis rules, rackets and tennis to new york. In the United States, tennis was first played in schools in the east, soon spread to the central and western regions, and then swept the United States. At this time, tennis has developed from grassland to sand, cement and asphalt, so the name "tennis" gradually replaced the name "LawnTennis", which is the origin of our tennis name today. In the early days of modern tennis, women were often excluded on the grounds that tennis was not suitable for women. At the same time, it is considered immoral for women to participate in tennis. Therefore, there were only men's singles and doubles in the early tennis competitions, and there was no women's tennis event. However, some female players not only dare to break through the obstacles of public opinion and family, but also surpass male players in technical level. In some informal singles competitions, it often happens that one side is a male player and the other side is a female player. This forced some tennis clubs to break the ban and allow women to participate in the sport. So from 1879, the mixed doubles competition was born, which was the result of women's own efforts. 1878, the first men's doubles championship was held in Britain. 1879, the first women's singles and mixed doubles competition was held in Ireland. 1884, Wimbledon added women's singles and men's doubles champions. 19 13 added women's doubles and mixed doubles champions. 188 1 year, the first national tennis association appeared in the world, namely the National Lawn Tennis Association of the United States (the word "country" was abolished in 1920). The first American lawn tennis men's singles and men's doubles championship was held in Newport, Rhode Island from August 3 1 that year to September 3, using Wimbledon rules, with 26 participants. Dwight, president of the National Lawn Tennis Association, and Sears, the American men's singles champion, were also the first overseas athletes to participate in Wimbledon. 1887, American lawn tennis women's singles championship was held, and women's doubles and mixed doubles started at 1890 and 1892 respectively. 189 1 year, France held the men's singles and men's doubles championship for the first time. The contestants are only French citizens, and the women's singles 1897 started. 1900, 2 1 year-old American tennis player Davis donated a pure silver bowl named Davis Cup from Golden Village to promote the development of modern tennis. It later became the permanent mobile trophy of the most prestigious men's team championship in international tennis. Every year, the names of the champion team and athletes are engraved on the trophy. 1920 When the name was engraved, Davis donated another cushion box and later added two trays. 1904 The Australian Lawn Tennis Association was established, and 1905 began to host the Australian Championship, with two events: men's singles and men's doubles. 1922 added women's singles, women's doubles and mixed doubles. French Tennis Championships, British wimbledon championships Tennis Championships, American Tennis Championships and Australian Tennis Championships are the most famous "Grand Slam" tennis tournaments in the world. Any player or a group of doubles players who can win these four championships in the same season will be regarded as the winner of the "Grand Slam". 19 13, 1 In March, 2008, the International Tennis Federation (ITF) was established in Paris by representatives of tennis associations from 12 countries, including Australia, and was responsible for coordinating international tennis activities, arranging annual competition schedules, revising tennis rules and supervising their implementation. 19 19, and the "seed" system is adopted for the lottery. 1927, seamless tennis was pioneered in Britain, which accelerated the speed of the ball. 1945 to the 1960s, tennis became professional. 1963 held the women's team competition-confederations cup. 1968, Wimbledon for the first time implemented a competition system that did not distinguish between amateurs and professionals. 1972, the international association of male professional tennis players was established. 1973, the international women's tennis association was established. At the first modern Olympic Games held in Athens from 65438 to 0896, tennis men's singles and doubles were listed as official events. Later, due to the differences between the International Olympic Committee and the International Tennis Federation on the issue of "amateur athletes", the tennis event that has been held for seven consecutive Olympic Games was cancelled. Tennis was not listed as a performance event until 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games. At the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games, tennis was once again listed as an official event. Because the most primitive tennis originated from the court, it is understandable that the scoring method is based on local materials. They scored with a movable clock. Every time they score, the clock turns by a quarter, which is 15 minutes (a quarter). Similarly, if they score twice, they set the clock to 30 minutes. Of course, everything is based on their convenience. This is the origin of 15 minutes and 30 minutes. As for 40 points, it's strange. Not a multiple of 15. This is because in English, 15 is pronounced as "fifth" and 30 is pronounced as "thirty", which is also disyllabic; However, 45 o'clock, pronounced "forty-five" in English, has become three syllables. At that time, the British felt a little awkward and did not conform to the principle of "convenience", so they changed it to 40 minutes and two syllables. This is the origin of the seemingly illogical 40 points. Although this way of grading seems strange, it still follows the tradition and has been used to this day. After all, everyone is used to this way of scoring from the stadium.