Conditions and methods of abalone culture

In recent years, abalone, as an important member of the "eight treasures of the sea", is favored by consumers because of its high nutritional value and

Conditions and methods of abalone culture

In recent years, abalone, as an important member of the "eight treasures of the sea", is favored by consumers because of its high nutritional value and exquisite cooking skills. Abalone is regarded as a symbol of dignity and wealth when entertaining distinguished guests and giving gifts to relatives and friends. With the continuous expansion of the consumer market, abalone culture has ushered in a golden age. Let's take a look at the abalone culture conditions and methods!

Cultivation conditions of abalone

1, seaweed breeds, and the bait is rich.

2. The water quality is clear and smooth, and the specific gravity of seawater is stable, which is kept in the sea area above 1.020 all the year round.

3. The bottom material is rock.

4. No industrial pollution, less harmful organisms, no freezing in winter and ice flow in spring are suitable.

Abalone culture mode

Abalone is hermaphrodite, but does not mate. In the breeding season, when the male and female gonads are mature, the sperm and eggs are discharged into the seawater outside the body, and the eggs can be fertilized and developed when they meet the sperm in the seawater, which is very similar to the reproduction of bivalves.

It usually breeds in summer and autumn. After fertilization, the eggs pass through floating trochophore and larvae, and then sink to the bottom of the sea to metamorphose into young abalone. Abalone grows slowly, and its shell can reach 2? 3 cm, two years later, the big one can reach 4? 5 centimeters. Abalone with a shell length of 10 cm or more, about six or seven years.

Cultivation method of abalone

1, raft culture at sea: multilayer abalone cages are better. The diameter of the multilayer abalone cage is 45-50 cm and the height is100-200 cm. The 4 ~ 10 layer plastic board is integrated by iron bars and plastic sleeves, and the spacing between layers is 20 ~ 30 cm, and it is covered with net clothes with zippers. It is convenient to feed, manage and change the net clothes, and the bait is mainly kelp and other seaweeds.

2. Seabed caisson culture: the culture equipment is 2m? 2 meters? Large cages with 0.8m steel skeleton sink to the bottom of the sea for cultivation, and some cement tanks with openings at both ends on the upper side and several staggered diaphragms in the middle, with zipper nets at the openings, sink to the bottom of the sea for cultivation, and the bait is mainly seaweed such as kelp. Compared with raft culture, abalone in this way has more stable habitat and better growth effect, but it is more difficult to raise and manage.

3. Coastal pond enclosure: in the intertidal zone with suitable conditions, a pond is built around the dike, stones, cement slabs and tiles are placed in the pond as the attachment concealment of abalone, and a number of water outlets are left on the upper part of the pond wall near the sea as the exchange channel between the seawater in the pond and the external seawater at high tide and low tide. After low tide, the seawater in the pond should be kept at a depth of about 1 m, and the bait is mainly seaweed.

4. Artificial farming on land

(1) Multi-layer tank culture: Multi-layer long and shallow tanks are used, which are used together with mesh screens, attachment plates and other equipment. The width of the water tank is 0.5 ~ 0.7m, the depth is 0.3 ~ 0.4m, the length is generally between 1 ~ 10m, and the layer spacing is about 0.5m. Some baits are mainly algae, while others are mainly mixed baits. The breeding density is 3 ~ 5cm, with 200 ~ 400 animals per square meter, more than 6cm, and 100 animals per square meter.

(2) The plastic box culture pond in the pond is a cement pond with an area of 20 ~ 40m2 and a depth of1~1.2m. The plastic box is a special abalone culture pond with a length of 39 cm, a width of 30 cm and a height of 12cm. Every 5 ~ 7 boxes are stacked and bundled, and each bundle is vertically placed in the pond and arranged in rows, with reservations between rows.

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