In the past five years, what documents or innovations have been issued by the government (national or local) to solve the financing difficulties of SMEs?

* * * The General Office of the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises.

Solve the problem of difficult and expensive financing.

(1) Improve the financing policy for SMEs. Further implement inclusive finance's targeted cuts to required reserve ratios policy. Increase support for rediscounting small and micro enterprises, focusing on supporting small and micro enterprises to discount small bills of 5 million yuan or less. Expand the scope of application of the microfinance policy to eligible small and medium-sized banks (including new Internet banks). Small and micro enterprise loans with a single household credit of 6,543,800 yuan or less will be included in the scope of qualified collateral to facilitate medium-term lending.

(2) Actively broaden financing channels. Further improve the bond issuance mechanism, implement the bond financing support tools for private enterprises, and adopt various methods such as selling credit risk mitigation certificates and providing credit enhancement services to support the reasonable bond financing needs of private enterprises with normal operations and temporarily limited liquidity. Explore the implementation of equity financing support tools for private enterprises, encourage the establishment of market-oriented special funds, and conduct mergers and acquisitions or financial investments in private enterprises. Vigorously develop products such as high-yield bonds, private debt, double-creation special debt financing tools, venture capital fund bonds, and special bonds for innovative and entrepreneurial enterprises. Study and promote SMEs to rely on accounts receivable, supply chain finance, franchising and other financing. Improve the risk sharing and compensation mechanism of intellectual property pledge financing, and give play to the role of intellectual property in increasing credit and loans. Guide financial institutions to issue medium and long-term loans to small and micro enterprises and develop loan extension products.

(3) Support the use of capital markets for direct financing. Accelerate the initial listing of small and medium-sized enterprises, and facilitate the listing of small and medium-sized enterprises with prominent main businesses and standardized operations. Deepen the reform of issuance, trading and information disclosure. Support small and medium-sized enterprises to go public on the New Third Board for financing. We will promote the pilot of innovative and entrepreneurial corporate bonds and improve the mechanism for converting innovative and entrepreneurial convertible bonds into shares. Research on allowing listed companies to issue convertible corporate bonds. Implement the reverse linkage system between the shareholding reduction ratio of venture capital funds and the investment period, and encourage and support early innovation and entrepreneurship. Encourage local intellectual property operating funds and other special funds to serve the innovation and development of small and medium-sized enterprises. For enterprises with stock pledge risk, we should study and formulate relevant transition mechanisms according to the principles of marketization and rule of law, and take measures to prevent and resolve risks according to the specific conditions of enterprises.

(4) Reduce the financing burden of enterprises. Encourage financial institutions to expand export credit insurance policy financing and export tax rebate account pledge financing to meet the financial service needs of import and export enterprises. Accelerate the role of the national financing guarantee fund, guide the guarantee institutions to gradually cancel the counter-guarantee and reduce the guarantee rate. Clean up and standardize the guarantee, insurance, evaluation, notarization and other matters that need to be handled when financing small and medium-sized enterprises, reduce the extra expenses in the financing process and reduce the financing cost; If the related expenses cannot be reduced or exempted, the local finance shall formulate reward and compensation measures according to the actual situation to encourage the reduction of the charging standards.

(5) Establish a classified supervision and assessment mechanism. Study on relaxing the single-family loan quota limit for small and micro enterprises to enjoy the preferential weight of venture capital, and further release the economic capital invested by commercial banks in small and micro enterprise loans. Revise the performance evaluation methods of financial enterprises, appropriately relax the requirements of assessment indicators, and encourage financial institutions to increase credit investment in small and micro enterprises. Guide banking financial institutions to consolidate the internal incentive transmission mechanism of small and micro businesses, optimize the allocation of credit resources, improve the performance appraisal scheme, appropriately reduce the weight of profit assessment indicators, and arrange special incentive fees; Encourage the implementation of internal fund transfer price preferential measures for small and micro enterprises; Refine the tolerance management of non-performing loans for small and micro enterprises, improve the exemption regulations for credit due diligence, increase the incentives for grassroots institutions to issue loans to private enterprises and small and micro enterprises, and increase the proportion of credit for private enterprises and small and micro enterprises; Improve the ability of credit risk management and control, and implement the policy of standardizing service charges.