Max Weber divided authority into three categories, which three categories?

Max Weber divides authority into charm (or Risma), tradition and law. These three types of rule have their own different power bases and characteristics.

1, charismatic rule is based on the charm of a leader with extraordinary temperament.

2. Traditional rule is based on the inviolability of habits and traditional beliefs, and administrative officials are only vassals of the monarch and can be inherited.

3. The rule based on precedent is the requirement of proper behavior based on formally formulated rules and decrees. Reasonable and legal authority is dominant in modern society, and the other two kinds of authority mainly appear in traditional society.

In fact, Max Weber didn't particularly agree with any one, but explained that it was necessary to analyze the specific situation. All three types of governance have the legitimacy of governance, but the difference is that modern governance combines legitimacy with technical rationality, trying to inject vitality into legitimacy through the improvement of technical rationality.

This is manifested in the efforts made in the technical design of formal rationality and instrumentalism, especially in the formal legal system and its operating procedures, which combines the efforts of theory, thought and technology to form a strict legal network system.

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In addition, Weber admits that "ideal form" is an abstract product, but he argues that anyone who wants to understand a specific social phenomenon must have this ideal form, because unlike physical phenomena, social science also involves extremely complex human behavior, which can only be explained by ideal form.

The concept of ideal form, coupled with his anti-positivism argument, can be regarded as his defense of the methodological hypothesis of "rational economic man" Weber also formed the theory of three elements of social class, which holds that social class, social status and groups (or political parties) are conceptually different elements.

1, social stratum is determined by the economic interaction with the market (owner, lessee, employee, etc. ).

2. Social status is composed of non-economic factors such as honor, prestige and religion.

3. A political party refers to a person's connection with political circles.

These three factors will affect what Weber called "career opportunities".

Baidu Encyclopedia-Weber's Hierarchy Bureaucracy Theory