What kinds of driving motors are there for electric vehicles?

In the early stage of the development of electric vehicles, many electric vehicles adopted DC vehicle scheme. Mainly take a fancy to the characteristics of mature DC motor products, simple control mode and excellent speed regulation performance. However, the short board of DC motor itself is very prominent, and its complex mechanical structure (brush and mechanical commutator, etc. ) restricts the instantaneous overload capacity and the further improvement of motor speed;

Moreover, under the condition of working for a long time, the mechanical structure of the motor will wear out and the maintenance cost will increase. In addition, when the motor is running, the brush spark will make the rotor heat, waste energy, make it difficult to dissipate heat, and also cause high-frequency electromagnetic interference, which will affect the performance of specific vehicles.

2. AC asynchronous motor

AC asynchronous motor is a kind of motor widely used in industry at present. It is characterized in that the stator and rotor are laminated by silicon steel sheets, and both ends are encapsulated by aluminum covers. There is no contact between the stator and the rotor. It has simple structure, reliable and durable operation and convenient maintenance. Compared with DC motor with the same power, AC asynchronous motor is more efficient and weighs about half.

If the vector control method is adopted, the controllability and wider speed range comparable to that of DC motor can be obtained. Because of its high efficiency, high specific power and high speed operation, AC asynchronous motor has become the most widely used motor in high-power electric vehicles.

Electric vehicle is mainly composed of three parts: motor drive system, battery system and vehicle control system. The motor drive system directly converts electric energy into mechanical energy, which determines the performance index of electric vehicles. Therefore, the selection of driving motor is particularly important.

In the environment of environmental protection, electric vehicles have also become a research hotspot in recent years. Electric vehicles can achieve zero or very low emissions in urban traffic and have great advantages in the field of environmental protection. All countries are striving to develop electric vehicles. Electric vehicle is mainly composed of three parts: motor drive system, battery system and vehicle control system. The motor drive system directly converts electric energy into mechanical energy, which determines the performance index of electric vehicles. Therefore, the selection of driving motor is particularly important.

The performance evaluation of electric vehicles mainly considers the following three performance indicators:

(1) Maximum mileage (km): the maximum mileage of an electric vehicle after the battery is fully charged;

(2) Acceleration ability (S): the shortest time required for an electric vehicle to accelerate from a standstill to a certain speed;

(3) Maximum speed (km/h): The highest speed that an electric vehicle can reach.