Who can tell me the difference between Japanese fans?

Japanese fans: In the 7th century, there were records about fans in Japan. At that time, it was only a luxury used by the imperial court. At that time, fans were made by tying the slender branches of Japanese cypress with ribbons. After about 100 years, fans began to be pasted with paper. Since then, many small hand-made fan workshops have appeared in Zuodu-Kyoto, Japan. The fan manufacturing process has not changed much, and the 13 process is all done by hand. The thin bamboo pieces used to make the skeleton were shipped from Saga Prefecture. The simplest job-polishing bamboo chips, even children can do it. Ribbon binding, paper cutting, paper pasting and other techniques are operated by teenagers and experienced masters.

The picture of the fan is very important, and its theme depends on the purpose of the fan. The ancient tradition limits the artist's ideas. For example, the pictures and colors on the fans used by kabuki in Japanese theaters, and every role in the play are strictly fixed.

Fans have always been an indispensable part of Japanese daily life. They have been popular for thousands of years. People often put folded, portable, beautiful and cool "fans" in their pockets, umbrellas, handbags and folders containing newspapers and official documents. There are also a variety of screen themes on the fan: the copy of ancient small paintings, the portrait of the protagonist in folk narrative poems, the decorative patterns of flowers, short poems of five elements, modern announcements and so on.

Fans in China: The Evolution of Fan Culture in China —— The nicknames of ancient fans are "Shake the Wind" and "Being a Cool Friend", which is said to have existed since Yu Shun's time. Cui Bao in Jin Dynasty recorded that "Shun made five fans". But before the Sui Dynasty, fans were mostly made of silk, poultry feathers, bamboo strips and other materials. From Sui Dynasty to Tang Dynasty, paper fans appeared, and then precious varieties such as ivory fans and sandalwood fans were developed. The fan art in Suzhou and Hangzhou in Ming and Qing Dynasties represented the highest peak of China ancient craft fans: Suzhou fans were called "fragrant fans" and Hangzhou fans were called "elegant fans". Hangzhou Wang Fan Industry is the representative of "Elegant Fan" in Hangzhou. Hangzhou Wangxingji Fan Village, the predecessor of Hangzhou Wangxingji Fan Industry, was founded by Wang Xingzhai and his wife in 1875 (the first year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty). At that time, Hangzhou Wang Xingji fan was compared with Zhejiang silk and Longjing tea with its exquisite craftsmanship, different functions and elegant taste, and was known as "the three wonders of Hangzhou" and famous all over the world. To this end, the reporter interviewed Wang, an expert in fan making. Classification of Fans It is understood that there are many types of fans, which can be divided into six categories according to materials: folding fans, bamboo fans, silk fans, feather fans, sunflower fans and grass fans. According to the function of fans, they can be divided into sandalwood fans, round fans, hanging fans, silk dancing fans and advertising fans. Black paper fan is a representative paper fan among "elegant fans". Smear with persimmon juice, the color is darker. Such a fan needs 86 processes from beginning to end. Experts on the use of fans told reporters: "With the development of the times, fans are no longer traditional daily necessities used to fan the wind, but their uses are gradually increasing. For example, advertising fans, manufacturers can draw their own products on the fans and write down the functions of the products; Similarly, there are travel fans, who can print maps of scenic spots or major scenic spots. These two kinds of fans have played a widely publicized role. " In addition, fans are gradually transforming into works of art and collectibles. This is precisely because it combines weaving, sculpture, calligraphy and painting, embroidery and other technological skills, and can also be used as props for performing arts such as opera, dance and folk art. Sometimes it can even be used as a status symbol. For example, scholars in Chinese dramas often hold a folding fan in their hands. Fan painting and celebrity's "folding fan painting" began in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, and fan painting sublimated the fan into another art form, which was cherished by collectors in past dynasties. Throughout the ages, many literati left poems and paintings on the fan, which were treasured and collected by people, and thus gave birth to another traditional art form-fan painting and calligraphy. Fan-shaped calligraphy and painting is a wonderful flower in China's traditional art, which has left rich and colorful Mo Bao and artistic treasures for future generations. Sometimes an ordinary fan, once inscribed and painted by a famous artist, is worth a hundred times. The exquisite craftsmanship of the fan complements the perfect combination of traditional calligraphy, poetry and painting. Since ancient times, many fan manufacturers can customize it. When Mei Lanfang, a master of Peking Opera, played in Drunk Imperial concubine, the black paper flower fan in his hand was a real gold applique fan specially made for him by Wang. "Because of its unique culture, fans have a close relationship with cultural celebrities. Tracing back to the history of fans, China was the first country to use fans in the world, and later it was gradually introduced to many countries in Japan and Europe. The history of fans can be traced back to the ancient times of Yu Shun, because in the Ming Dynasty there was a record that fans were made by Shun. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, people made a "vegetarian fan" out of the gorgeous long tail of the male pheasant, and a "pheasant fan" with a long handle appeared. At this time, the fan became a symbol of the dignity of the emperor. In the Tang Dynasty, the fan made of pheasant hair was changed into peacock hair. According to archaeological findings, the bronze pot of the Warring States period unearthed in Chengdu, Sichuan Province is engraved with the pattern of a servant holding a long-handled fan as the main fan, which is the earliest fan image found so far. From the end of the Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, a dust blower made of animal tail hair appeared, which was called a "hair fan". Feather fans made of white goose feathers are the most famous in the south of the Yangtze River and are often used as court tributes. In the Han dynasty, the silk industry began to develop, and a kind of "ten thousand fans" appeared, which was favored by ancient Chinese women. Around the Song Dynasty, folding fans, which are common today, appeared and gradually continued to this day, becoming the mainstream of society. Folding fan painting began in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, which gave birth to another traditional art form-fan painting and calligraphy. Folding fans developed to Jiajing period in Ming Dynasty, and were divided into Hangfan, Suzhou Fan, Fan Ning and other schools. The biggest difference between Japanese fans and China fans is that Japanese fans pay more attention to rules, and even the pictures and colors can't be ignored. China fans bring us strong national feelings and culture, as well as deep patriotic feelings beyond words. If you have time, you can go to the encyclopedia and enjoy the culture of China.