What is the Jiangsu opera called?

Kunqu, Yang Opera, Tin Opera, Huai Opera, Huaihai Opera, Tong Opera, Su Opera, Dan Opera, Ding Ding Cavity, Huai Hong Opera, and Haimen Mountain Opera. Generally Kunqu.

Kunqu, originally known as "Kunshan Cavity" ("Kun Cavity" for short), is an ancient Chinese opera voice, theater, now also known as "Kun Opera". Kunqu is one of the oldest types of traditional Chinese opera, and is also one of the treasures of traditional Chinese culture and art, especially opera, and is known as an "orchid" in the hundred gardens. Kunqu originated in the 14th century in Kunshan, Suzhou, China, and was later improved by Wei Liangfu and others, and has been leading the Chinese theater scene for nearly 300 years since the middle of the Ming Dynasty.

Kunqu combines singing, reading, acting, dancing and martial arts, and is known for its elegant lyrics, melodious voice and delicate performances, and is one of the genres under the Southern Opera system, which is regarded as "the ancestor of all operas". Kunqu uses drums and boards to control the rhythm of the singing, with the flute and sanxian as the main accompanying instruments, and its singing voice is "Zhongzhou rhyme".

Vocalization

Kun Opera, as a kind of opera that once had a great influence on the whole country, has miraculously resurrected itself after all the hardships and difficulties, which is closely related to its own superb artistic charm, and its artistic achievements are firstly manifested in its music.

The Kun Opera has a beautiful melodious voice, and is famous for its lingering, soft and long-lasting sound. In terms of singing technique, it focuses on the control of voice, the rhythmic speed of staccato and the delicacy of biting and spitting, and the scene is accompanied by a complete set of music.

"Water mill cavity". This new cavity laid down the characteristics of the Kun Opera singing, fully embodied in the slow song (i.e., "fine song") in the southern song, specific performance for the slowing down of the beat, slowing down the rhythm, so that in the melody in the use of more ornamental cadences, in addition to the usual one board, three eyes, one board, one board, and the emergence of the "grant board song

In addition to the usual one-board-three-eyes, one-board-one-eyes, there is the "Grant Board Song", which is a 4/4-beat tune slowed down to 8/4, with a soft and gentle tone, and strict requirements for the sound of the words, flat, up, down, into the one by one, each word, pay attention to the biting of the word head, belly, tail, that is, the spitting word, over the cavity and the sound, so that the musical layout of the space to increase, the changes increase, and the lingering, soft and gentle, long distance is also more and more prominent.

Relatively speaking, the sound of the Northern Song favors the downward spiral and strong jumping. It uses a seven-tone scale different from the five-tone scale of the southern opera (basically without semitones), but in the Kunshan cavity's long-term absorption of the northern opera singing process, the original characteristics of the northern opera were gradually dissolved into the "southern opera" singing style, so in the Kun Opera performance repertoire, the northern opera has both the use of complete sets, as well as a single piece of the song card excerpts, and the "northern and southern combined set".

The use of the "North-South set" is very distinctive: generally, the Northern Song is sung by a single character, while the Southern Song is sung by several different characters. The use of these North-South songs is entirely based on the plot, making the music as perfect as possible for the content of the play.

From the change of the north-south song itself, there are still "borrowing the palace", "violating the tune", "set of songs" and other techniques. The original set of tunes, regardless of the North and South Songs, have belonged to a Gong tune of the tune of the problem, when singing songs require significant changes in mood, the same Gong tune within the tune can not be competent, you can borrow the other Gong tune of the appropriate tune. For example, in "Peony Pavilion - A Dream", the tunes used successively are [Hillside Goat] (Shang Tune), [Mountain Peach Red] (Yue Tune), [Bao Laohui] (Huangzhong Gong), and [Sheep Hitching Floss] (Yue Tune).

In terms of singing techniques, Kun Opera focuses on the control of the voice, the speed of the rhythm and the pronunciation of the biting words, and there are "豁", "叠", "擞". "嚯", "oh", "oh", "oh", "oh" and "oh", There is also a distinction between "open", "fold", "brio", "ooh" and other cadences, as well as the characterization of various types of roles. The music of the board beat, in addition to the southern song "complimentary board" will be four beats of the slow song slowed down by a factor of two, regardless of the north and south of the song, including the usual use of the three-eyed board, one-eyed board, running water board and scattered board. There are many variations in the actual singing, all of which are subordinate to the mood of the play and the character.

The performance of Kun Opera has a whole set of rigorous performance forms of "singing and dancing"