Artistic characteristics of Mongolian folk songs

Mongolian folk songs can be roughly divided into "long tune" and "short tune" according to their musical characteristics.

1. Long tune folk songs. Long-tune folk songs are an idyllic genre that reflects Mongolian nomadic life. They are long in length, free in rhythm, broad in breath, deep in feelings and unique and delicate in vibrato decoration. Long-tune folk songs are sung in Mongolian, with slow and free rhythm, few words and long cavity, and different styles due to different regions. The long-tune folk songs in Xilin Gol grassland are loud and long, with "Little Huang Ma" and "Walking Horse" circulating. Hulunbeier grassland long-tune folk songs are passionate, such as "the vast grassland" and "the girl who stole the horse". The rhythm of folk songs in Alashan area is slow, and popular songs include "Rich and Vast Alashan" and "Farewell". Horqin grassland folk songs are mainly lyrical, and the popular ones are "Homesickness Song" and "Magnificent Horse". Suirei and Yang Meng are popular folk songs in Zhaowuda grassland. Long-tune folk songs can be extended according to the emotional freedom of the singer in some long-tune singing methods, and have the characteristics of vast, bold and rough grassland folk songs in melody style and singing methods. The lining words of long-tune folk songs are "hit one", "yo" and "yo". The contrast of high notes is usually open or semi-open; The interlining of alto is elastic, and the interlining at the end is usually half-open or closed. Songs such as Ode to the East, a large-scale music and dance epic that was popular in the 1960s, and Upper Daxing 'anling, with enduring artistic charm, were all created on the basis of long-tune folk songs.

2. Short-tune folk songs. Obviously different from long-tune folk songs, short-tune folk songs are short in length, compact in tune, neat and distinct in rhythm and relatively narrow in range. Short notes generally rhyme with two lines, two sentences or four sentences, and the beat is relatively fixed. The lyrics are simple, but not rigid, characterized by a large number of overlapping words in phonology. Short-tune folk songs are mainly popular in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas where Mongolian and Chinese live together. Often improvise, very flexible. More popular are Lama Siba, two green horses of Genghis Khan, wine like honey, brothers pulling camels and so on. Short-tune folk songs are popular in Hetao Plain thousands of miles away from Woye. The folk songs in Tumochuan Plain and other agricultural, semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas in the autonomous region are short-tune folk songs. Short-tune folk songs, also known as climbing tunes and folk songs, are often sung in Chinese. Therefore, not only Mongolians in western Inner Mongolia like to sing, but also people of Han nationality and other nationalities like to sing this kind of folk song. ? Among Mongolian folk songs, there are many long narrative songs, such as the famous Gadamerin, which tells the story of the hero Gada fighting against the king and the reactionary warlord Zhang for the survival of the Mongolian people's pasture and herders.