Historical Origins of the Han Surname in Hantikou, Slide County

The Han surname ranks twenty-sixth in China by population, and is most influential in Shandong, Hebei, and Henan. The total population of the Han surname today is about 7.6 million, which is about 0.61% of the country's population.

In the last installment of our surname feature, we introduced the culture of the Cui clan. Today, Merit will join you to take a look at the Han culture.

The name and totem of Han

The name of Han

The original glyph of Han is composed of 倝和韦, and there is more than one "man" on the right side of the traditional Chinese character Han, which was later omitted when it was written in the common language, and then simplified to the current glyph in contemporary times, which is found in oracle bone inscriptions and jinwen. "

Human.

Han's Totem

Dawn, which describes the sun's radiant glow when it first rises, is an acrostic character. The original meaning of Wei is that the Wei of animal skins can be bound. The first people stripped the fur from the body of the beast, dried it and tanned it into leather, then put it around the human body. Because the forefathers thought that the fur was around the beast carcass, the animal skin after tanning can bind things, so that the object of the wrong place can be corrected, so borrowed for the word leather Wei. Then, the person who can wear such animal skins must be very spiritual and eye-catching. The original meaning of Han is the skill of tanning leather and processing leather clothes. The Han clan was the original totem of the occupation of tanning leather, and used Han as the name of the clan and the figure of the clan emblem. Especially in the north, the Han people were admired and valued by the people, so they left many place names with Han in them, and the Han people eventually established the state and used Han as the family name.

Origin and Evolution of the Han Surname

There are two main branches that make up the contemporary Han Han surname: Dong and Ji.

Origin of the surname Dong

After Zhuan Xu of the Gao Yang clan. The second son of the Lu Terminal, Huilian, also known as Senhu, was surnamed Dong. Senhu initially resided in Han, i.e., Hanyang in the south of Yongji County on the lower reaches of the Fen River in present-day Shanxi, and his descendants became a Han clan in the Dong surname. Han Liu is the earliest famous person in the Chinese Han surname, said to be the descendant of Huangdi's youngest son Chang Yi, Chang Yi for Zhuanxu Emperor's grandparents clan, Han Liu when from the Dong Han clan. Han in the Xia Dynasty for the Hau State, the early Western Zhou State extinction, descendants of the State for the clan, this is the Han of the Dong surname. The Dong Han clan has a history of at least 4,000 years. The clan traveled eastward through the Hanling Mountains in Anyang, Henan Province, and then northward to present-day Hancheng in Gu'an, Hebei Province, and then eastward to Chantu County, Liaoning Province, and then from the Liao River to the Korean Peninsula, becoming the ancestors of both North and South Korea.

Zhuanxu

Originally from the surname Ji

At the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty sealed his fifth son, Han Shu, in the old Hancheng, the land of the ancient Korea, the former city of Hanyang, south of Yongji County, downstream of the present-day Fen River in Shanxi, which is the surname Ji, Korea. At the time of King Ping of the Zhou Dynasty, Korea was destroyed by the state of Jin of the same family name, and was reappointed as the cognizance of Han Wan, the son of Uncle Huan of Quwo, a descendant of Tang Shu Yu, and the Han people moved westward to the south of Hancheng in Shaanxi Province. By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Han Wan's descendants divided the state of Jin with Zhao and Wei, becoming Korea, one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States. It was destroyed by Qin in 230 BC, and its descendants took the state name Han as their surname. The contemporary Han surname is mostly said to be derived from the Ji surname Han, which has a history of at least 3,000 years.

Wang Wu of the Zhou Dynasty

From the change of name of foreigners

China's Han surname, like other surnames, constantly exchanging with other ethnic groups, mutual gene flow. The main events are: the north and south dynasty when the north Wei Xiaowen emperor moved the capital to Luoyang, settled in the central plains, change the generation of the north of the compound surname out of the Khan's (i.e., step the Khan's) for the Han's, which is the Xiongnu Gaochabe people of the lineage. The eight banners of Manchuria in the Qing dynasty, the name of Hanzha clan all changed to Han. These ethnic minorities and the Han people mixed for a long time, gradually assimilated, and transformed into the local Han Han.

Distribution and Migration of the Han Family Name

Han, Jin, and North and South Dynasties Period

During the Han, Jin, and North and South Dynasties Periods, the Han family name developed rapidly in Henan Province, especially in the ancient capital of South Korea, Yangzhai (present-day Yuxian County, Henan Province), and Nanyang, which was the center of the famous Yingchuan Han family name. At the same time, the Han surname spread to the north, northeast, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Gansu and Sichuan.

During the Song Dynasty

During the Song Dynasty, there were about 640,000 people with the Han surname, which accounted for about 0.83% of the national population and ranked 23rd. The largest province with the Han surname is Henan, accounting for about 25.6% of the total population of the Han surname in the country. The distribution of the Han surname in the country is mainly concentrated in Henan, Hebei and Shaanxi, which account for about 64% of the total population of the Han surname in the country, followed by Shandong, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Anhui provinces, which concentrate 24% of the population of the Han surname. The country formed to Yu Hebei, Lu Anhui, Shaanxi and Sichuan as the center of the two big pieces of Han gathering place. And Hunan and the two regions were the sparsely populated areas of the Han surname at that time.

Ming Dynasty period

Ming Dynasty period, the Han surname about 620,000 people, accounting for about 0.67% of the national population, for the twenty-ninth Ming Dynasty surnames. In the 600 years of the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the pure growth rate of the population was 20%, but the growth rate of the Han population was negative. 600 years of the Han population did not grow, but rather declined. In the face of war and massacre, the victimized group should be the main body of the population in the north, the Han is the northern region of the family name, naturally suffered the heaviest loss. The distribution of the Han surname in the country is mainly concentrated in Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, Hebei, Gansu, Zhejiang, these six provinces Han surname accounted for about 70% of the total population of Han, followed by the distribution of Jiangsu, Guangdong Province, and concentrated 14% of the Han population. Shanxi and Shandong jumped to the top of the list of provinces with the Han surname, accounting for about 31% of the total population of the Han surname. Its population mainly migrated to the northwest, east and south. The country re-formed the Jin Ji Lu, Shaanxi and Gansu, Zhejiang and Jiangsu three large blocks of Han population gathering area.

Current Distribution of the Han Surname

The contemporary population of the Han surname has reached 7.6 million, making it the twenty-sixth largest surname in China, accounting for about 0.61 percent of the country's population. In the 600 years from the Ming Dynasty to the present, the population of Han has increased from 620,000 to 8.2 million, an increase of more than 13 times, and the growth rate of the Han population is equal to the growth rate of the national population. The growth rate of Han surname population from Song Dynasty to now 1000 years is ∨ graph. At present, the distribution of Han surname in the country is mainly concentrated in Henan, Shandong, Hebei provinces, accounting for about 35.6% of the total population of Han surname, followed by the distribution of Jiangsu, Liaoning, Anhui, Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, which are concentrated in these six provinces, 32% of the population of Han surname.

Henan is the largest province of the contemporary Han surname, inhabited by 14% of the total Han population. The country formed a central Shandong as the center, radiating to the southeast, northeast, northwest, as well as the east, the population of the Han surname gradually declined, the provinces south of the Yangtze River less Han surname. In the last 600 years, the Han surname population flow from the southeast to the Central Plains and North China has a strong return migration, which has been greater than the migration from the north to the southeast and south. At the same time, the Han surname population north of the Yellow River appeared to migrate to the northeast.

The distribution of the Han surname in the population is divided into high-frequency northern zone, low-rate southern and western zones with the Yangtze River as the boundary. In Jin, Hebei, Luyu, Beijing and Tianjin, central and eastern Inner Mongolia, Liaoji and black, northern Shaanxi and Ningxia, northern Anhui and Jiangsu, the Han surname accounted for the proportion of the local population is generally more than 0.88%, and some of them reached more than 1.6%, which covers an area of about 27.8% of the total land area, inhabited by about 66.5% of the Han people. In southern Shaanxi and Ningxia, Gansu and Ningxia, eastern Qinghai, northwestern Xinjiang, southern Anhui and Suzhou, Shanghai, Hubei, Chongqing, northern Sichuan, northern Zhejiang and Gan, northern Hunan and Guizhou, and Hainan, the proportion of Han surnames in the local population is generally 0.44%-0.88%, which covers about 21% of the national territory, and inhabited by about 20% of the Han people.

Traditional Culture of the Han Surname

County Hopes & Hall Names

The county hopes of the Han Surname mainly include Yingchuan, Nanyang, and Changli. The hall names of the Han family name are mainly weeping staff, painting Jin, Ronggui, Rongshi, Shu Jin, Jijin, Fuyin, Gongshou, Yongsi, Xiehe and so on, the most famous is Changli hall name. The most famous is Changli. The name "Changli" is derived from Han Yu, a great writer of the Tang Dynasty, who was a native of Hengyang, Mengzhou. Because his ancestors lived in Yingchuan, he called himself Changli, so he was known as Han Changli. He was engaged in the ancient literature movement all his life, opposing the flashiness of ekphrasis and advocating the restoration of the prose style of the Qin and Han dynasties. Historically, he was known as "the founder of the Eight Dynasties", so he was one of the most famous writers of the Middle Ages. At the same time, Han Yu is listed in the Tang and Song Dynasty, the first of the eight great prose writers.

Couplets

There are five important couplets of the Zheng family name:

Famous for his three outstanding writers, he was the first of the eight great prose writers of the Tang and Song dynasties.

Bravery pushes to capture the tiger; soldiers strike to ride the donkey.

The hall is full of paintings; the trousseau is full of fragrance.

The red leaves are inscribed with poems, and we are happy to meet a good friend; the blue carriage is seated, and we are sure to put an end to luxury.

Han's Family Tradition

The Han Family Tradition is the first of its kind in the Tang Dynasty, where Han Yu, a great scholar who studied the six classics and a hundred schools of thought, was especially skillful in prose. His writing was so majestic and elegant that the world called it "Han Wen", and he was the first of the eight great writers of the Tang and Song dynasties. The essence of Han Yu's thought is to respect Confucianism and exclude Buddhism, taking Confucian philosophy as the criterion of life, and actively advocating reading as a holy thing, so his training of his son is also to read and understand the importance of reasoning. He pointed out: "A man can be a man by having poems and books in his stomach. Poetry and books are hard to have, but not hard to have an empty stomach." He puts forward: "Although the gold wall of heavy treasure, the cost is difficult to store storage. Learning to hide the body, the body in the print has more." He warned: "people do not understand the present and the past, horse and cattle and train. Line body trapped in injustice, not to mention hope for more honor?" He emphasized, "It is difficult to know after one has attained it, and it is difficult to fulfill it." Han Yu's family motto shows that only through practice can true knowledge be gained. Han Yu's idea of family training had a profound influence on teaching children to study in later generations.

Human names

Han Fei

Philosopher and originator of Legalism at the end of the Warring States period

Han Xin

Famous general of the early Han dynasty, the king of the vassals

Han Zaihu

Sui-Dynasty general

Han Yu

Tang Dynasty literati

Han Xizai

Five generations of the Southern Tang Dynasty, the minister of the Central Committee of the Book

Han Qi

Han Qi

Han Xizhi

Five Dynasties of the Southern Tang Dynasty, the Minister of the Central Committee of the Book

Han Qi

Famous minister of the Northern Song Dynasty

Han Xianchu

Admiral of **** and Guo