What are the components of a spectrometer? What are their functions?

A typical spectrometer is mainly composed of an optical platform and a detection system. Includes the following main parts:

1. incident slit: the object point of the spectrometer imaging system is formed under the irradiation of incident light.

2. Collimating element: make the light emitted by the slit become parallel light. The collimating element can be an independent lens, a mirror, or directly integrated on a dispersive element, such as a concave grating in a concave grating spectrometer.

3. Dispersion element: Grating is usually used to spatially disperse optical signals into multiple beams according to wavelength.

4. Focusing element: Focusing the dispersed light beam to form a series of images of incident slits on the focal plane, wherein each image point corresponds to a specific wavelength.

5. Detector array: placed on the focal plane, used to measure the light intensity of each wavelength image point. The detector array can be a CCD array or other types of photodetector arrays.

Extended data

1, classification of spectrometer:

There are many kinds of spectrometers and many classification methods. According to the principle of decomposition spectrum adopted by spectrometer, it can be divided into two categories: classical spectrometer and new spectrometer. Classical spectrometer is an instrument based on the principle of spatial dispersion (spectroscopy); The new spectrometer is an instrument based on modulation principle, so it is also called modulation spectrometer.

Classical spectrometer can be divided into prism spectrometer, diffraction grating spectrometer and interference spectrometer according to its dispersion principle.

2, the application of spectrometer:

Spectrometers are widely used in agriculture, astronomy, automobiles, biology, chemistry, coatings, colorimetry, environmental detection, film industry, food, printing, papermaking, biomedical applications, fluorescence measurement, gem composition detection, oxygen concentration sensor, vacuum chamber coating process monitoring, film thickness measurement, LED measurement, emission spectrum measurement, ultraviolet/visible absorption spectrum measurement, color measurement and other fields.

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