Briefly describe the research procedures and basic methods of traditional statistics (please don't talk nonsense if you don't know! Thank you)

(1) The general flow of data activities: design (qualitative) → investigation, arrangement (quantitative)-conclusion (qualitative).

A, in the design stage, comprehensively consider and arrange all aspects of statistical work, and through the understanding of objective phenomena, determine the scope of the object and the index system reflecting the scope of the object, which is manifested as a specific design scheme;

B, the investigation stage, according to the requirements of statistical design, the process of collecting statistical data in an organized and planned way by using scientific methods is the basic stage of statistical activities;

C, in the sorting stage, according to the purpose of statistical research, the work process of classifying, summarizing or reprocessing the data obtained from statistical investigation to make it systematic, organized and more useful can be regarded as the premise of the continuation of statistical investigation and statistical analysis;

D, analysis stage, using comprehensive indicators and special methods, through comparison, judgment and reasoning, the essence, laws and future prospects of things are quantitatively explained and explained, which is the decisive stage of statistical work and cognitive level from perceptual to rational.

E. Prediction and decision-making stage: predict the research object, calculate and judge the decision-making factors, and make a choice for the future object.

(2) Research methods:

First, a large number of observation methods, observing all or enough things studied;

B, statistical grouping method, according to certain signs, divide the whole being studied into different parts;

C, comprehensive index method, using various comprehensive indicators to describe and analyze the quantitative characteristics and quantitative relations of the overall phenomenon;

D, time series analysis method, which calculates the dynamic analysis index according to the data of time series to reveal the development law and degree of the research object;

E, correlation analysis, which is an analytical method to measure the regularity of correlation between objective things and predict and control them accordingly;

F, sampling inference method: according to the probability theory and the sample distribution theory, the method of parameter estimation or hypothesis testing is adopted to infer the overall quantitative characteristics from the sample observation data.

G other methods, such as induction, model, experiment, etc.