Seeking 10 short and classic literary texts

1~ Zhuge Liang's The Book of Commandments

Original text

The behavior of a gentleman is to be quiet in order to cultivate his body, and to be frugal in order to cultivate virtue. It is not to be indifferent that one can be clear in one's mind, and it is not to be serene that one can be far-sighted. The study must be quiet, and the talent must be learned. Non-study can not be wide talent, non-motivation can not be learned. If you are slow, you can't motivate the essence, and if you are impatient, you can't smelt the nature. Years and time, the intention and the day to go, so into the withered, more than not to receive the world, sad to keep the poor hut, will be how!

Translation

The character of a man of virtue and talent relies on inner quietness and concentration to cultivate body and mind, and on thrift and simplicity to cultivate character. Do not despise worldly fame and fortune, can not be clear about their own aspirations, not physical and mental tranquility can not realize the lofty ideals. Learning must be concentrated, growing talent must study hard. If you don't study hard, you can't grow your talent, and if you don't have a clear ambition, you can't achieve anything in your studies. The pursuit of excessive pleasure and idleness and dissipation can not invigorate the spirit, frivolous and irritable can not cultivate the temperament. Years pass with the passage of time, the will wears out with the years, and in the end, like withered branches and leaves, (one becomes a man who does nothing) of no use to society, (and then,) what use is it to keep to one's own narrow world, and to sigh with sorrow

Notes

To, make use of

Broad, Cheng, make ...... Wide, make ...... 成

淫慢：过度的享乐与怠惰

接世：接触社会,承担事物

励精：奋发向上

险躁：浮躁

冶性：陶冶性性

穷庐：借代，指自家的狭小天地里 ........................................................................................ .2~Liu Xiang, "Saying Yuan - Talking Series"

"The Lord will migrate to the east"

The lord met the turtledove. Turtle Dove said: "The son will be safe." The lord said: "I will migrate to the east." Turtle Dove said: "Why?" The king said: "The villagers all hate my song, so I will migrate east." The turtle dove said: "If you can sing more, it will be enough. Can not be more song, eastward migration is still hate the voice of the son."

Translation:

The owl met the turtledove, and the turtledove asked it, "Where are you going?"

The owl said, "I'm going to move to the east."

The spotted dove asked, "Why?"

The owl said, "Everyone in the village hates my hooting, so I want to move to the east."

The turtledove said, "If you change your hooting, you'll be fine. If you can't change your call, even if you move to the east, the people in the village in the east will still hate you." The.

Explain that this fable story warns people that they should treat their major shortcomings and certain major problems to solve them at the root, and they should not be like the owl moving, discussing the matter and avoiding the conflicts, so that the problems can not be solved. ................................. .3~"Learning to play"

Yiqiu, Tongguo's good game also.

Make Yiqiu teach two people to play.

One of them was devoted to the game, but Yiqiu listened to him.

One of them, though listening, thought that there was a swan approaching, and wanted to shoot it with the help of a bow.

While learning with them, they are not as good as they could be.

What is the reason for this? The first thing I'd like to say is that I don't think I'm going to be able to do that.

4~Two Children Arguing for the Day

Confucius traveled east and saw two children arguing for the day and asked why.

One of the children said, "I am close to people when the sun starts to come out, and far away when the sun is in the middle of the day."

A child said: "I take the first day out of the sun is far away, but in the middle of the day is also close."

A child said, "At the beginning of the day, it is as big as a car cover. And in the middle of the day, it is like a disk, this is not the far smaller and nearer to the big?"

A child said, "At the beginning of the day, the sun is cool, and in the middle of the day, it is like a soup, so it is not hot for the near and cool for the far?"

Confucius could not decide. The two children laughed and said: "Who for you to know more?" ........................................................................ .5~Carving a Boat for a Sword

The Chu people have a person who waded into the river, and his sword fell into the water from the boat. He said, "It's my sword that fell from the boat." The boat stops, from the person who has been deeded into the water to seek. The boat was already traveling, but the sword was not. The sword is not a confusing thing to seek out!

6~Pulling seedlings to help grow

Song people have pity for their seedlings do not grow and pull up the person, manganran return, said: "Today's disease! I help seedlings grow." The son tends to see, the seedling is haggard. ....................................................................................................................... Chiseling the wall and borrowing light "miscellany of Xijing"

Original text

Kuang Heng diligently study and candles, the neighbors have candles and not caught, Heng is through the wall to draw its light, hair book reflecting light and read. The people of the Euphrates people surnamed Wen did not know, rich and many books, Heng was made with their servants and do not ask for payment. The master asked Hen, "I would like to have the master's books to read them." The master sighed, funding to the book, and then became a university.

7~. Keeping Plants and Waiting for Rabbits

Originally

The Song people had a plowman. The rabbit touched the plant, broke its neck, and died. The rabbit ran away and touched the plant ②, broke its neck and died. He released his Lei and guarded the plant ③, hoping to get the rabbit again ④. The rabbit could not be recovered, and his body was laughed at by the state of Song. Nowadays, if you want to rule the people of the current generation with the policy of the former king, all of them are guarding the plant. ................................. .8~The Wise Man's Doubting Neighbor: There was a rich man in Song whose wall was broken by rain. His son said: "Do not build, there will be theft." His neighbor's father also cloud. Twilight and the fruit of the great loss of its wealth, the family is very wise son, and doubt the neighbor's father.

................................. .9 ~ pole into the city: Lu has a long pole into the city gate, the first vertical stick, can not enter, horizontal stick, also can not enter, the plan is not out. Russia has an old father to say: "I'm not a saint, but see things more than enough, why not cut in the saw to enter?" So, according to the cut

10~Spear and Shield

The Chu people have a shield and spear seller ①, said ②, "My shield is so strong that things can not be trapped also ③." He also praised his spear by saying, "The sharpness of my spear is such that nothing can be trapped in it." Or he said, "How would it be to trap the shield with his own spear?" The man was unable to respond. The shield that cannot be trapped and the spear that cannot be trapped cannot be established in the same world. --Han Fei Zi>. ...................................................................................................... .11~Jichang learns to shoot

Gan Fly, the ancient good archer, enough bow and the beasts crouch under the birds. A disciple named Feiwei learned to shoot at Ganfly, and his skill surpassed that of his teacher.

Jichang, and learning to shoot at the fly. The first thing he said was, "You must first learn not to be instantaneous, and then you can say that you can shoot."

Jichang return, lying down under his wife's machine, with the eye to bear the draw quite. Two years later, although the end of the cone inverted canthus, but not instantaneous.

To tell Feiwei. Feiwei said. "not also, must learn to see and then can. See small as big, see small as a book, and then tell me."

Chang to yak hanging lice in the lattice, south and look. Between ten days, the dip is also large; three years later, such as a wheel. To see the rest of the things, all the hills and mountains. I was able to shoot it with the arc of the Yanjiao, the pole of the Shuo Peng, through the heart of the lice, and hanging.

To tell Feiwei. He said, "You've got it!"

The translation is as follows, for reference only:

Gan Fly was an ancient person who was good at archery. Before he drew his full bow and fired, the birds and beasts were all down. There was a disciple, Fei Wei, who learned archery from Gan Fei, and (his skill) surpassed his master again. Jichang, in turn, learned archery from Feiwei.

Feiwei said, "First you learn not to blink your eyes, and then you can talk about archery."

Jichang returned home and lay on his back under his wife's loom with his eyes on the shuttle (practicing not blinking). After two years, even when he pricked (Jichang's) eyelids with the point of an awl, he would not blink. (He told Feiwei about this), and Feiwei said, "The kung fu is not good enough yet; you have to learn to see things before you can do so - see the small as large, and the tiny as remarkable, and then come back and tell me about it."

Jichang tied lice with yak hair and hung them in a window, and practiced looking at them from the south. After ten days, (the louse grew) larger and larger in Jichang's eyes; after three years, it felt as big as a wheel. When he looked at the rest of the things around him, they were as big as hills. So he shot at the louse with a bow decorated with the horn of an ox from Yan, and with an arrow made of a pom-pom from the north, and it pierced right through the center of the louse, but the hairs of the tethered louse remained unbroken. (Tell this to Fei Wei. Fei Wei jumped high in joy and clapped his chest and said, "You have mastered the technique." ....................................................................... .12~Suspicious Neighbors Stealing Axes

This story is found in Lu Shi Chun Qiu - Going to Yu and Lie Zi - Saying Fu.

The original text is as follows:

A man who forgets his axe means his neighbor's son. He sees his walk, stealing the axe; his color, stealing the axe; his speech, stealing the axe; his action and attitude, doing nothing but stealing the axe. Then, he dug up his valley and got his axe. On the next day, he saw his neighbor's son again, and there was nothing like stealing an axe in his movements and attitude.

The translation is as follows:

Once upon a time there was a countryman who lost an axe. He suspected that his neighbor's son had stolen it, and observed that the man's walk was like that of an axe-stealer; the expression of the man's face was like that of an axe-stealer; and his speech was even more like that of an axe-stealer; the man's every word, action, and movement was like that of an axe-stealer.

Then the man who had lost the axe dug up the ground in the valley and found the axe, and then he looked at the neighbor's son, and thought that the way he walked was not like stealing an axe; and the expression of his countenance was not like stealing an axe; and his words and his speech were more like stealing an axe, and the man's words and deeds and every movement were not like stealing an axe. ........................................................ .13~<<<Pedant Gong repair house>>

Originally:

Long rain house leakage, a night of several migratory beds, the death of no dry place, the wife and children to criticize. The pedant urgently called the craftsman to repair, laborious and painstaking. After the completion of the work, the sky suddenly cleared up, and it was clear for days.

Public day and night to look up at the house and sighed: "life is bad people! Just to repair the house will be no rain, not white demolition of the labor cost also?"

Translation:

It rained for a long time the house leaked, and the bed was moved many times during the night (between), and at last there was no dry place, and his wife and son alternately cursed. The pedant rushed to call in craftsmen to repair it, and the labor cost was really hard. When the work was done, the sky suddenly cleared up and stayed clear. He looked up at the roof all day long and sighed, "It's a bad fate! If there is no rain before the house is repaired, is it not a waste of labor expenses?" ........................ .14~Mr. Nice Guy

[Ming] Feng Menglong, "Ancient and Modern Tans", original text:

Sima Hui of the Later Han Dynasty did not talk about people's shortcomings, and spoke to people in a way that was good for both beauty and evil. Someone asked Hui: "Is it safe? The answer was: "Good." Someone said that his son died, and said: "Great. His wife scolded him and said, "People think that the king is virtuous, so they tell each other, why do they say good when they hear that their son is dead? Hui said: "As you say, but also very good! This is the origin of the term "Mr. Good".

Translation:

Si Ma Hui, who lived in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, never talked about other people's shortcomings, and almost always said "good" about everything. Someone once asked him, "Are you still well these days?" He simply replied with one word: "Good." Another time, when someone told him about his son's death, he said, "Good." Seeing this, his wife rebuked him, saying, "He told him about his son's death out of respect for his virtue, but how can you tell someone about the death of his son and then say it is good? After hearing his wife's words, he responded, "What you just said is also very good! This is the origin of the phrase "Mr. Nice Guy," as it is known in the world today. .............. You can choose for yourself, right?