What policy tools can be used to achieve monetary policy objectives?

In order to achieve the goal of monetary policy, the following monetary policy tools can be realized: ① General policy tools. This is a traditional tool commonly used by the central bank, including rediscount interest rate, statutory deposit reserve ratio and open market operation. ② Selective monetary policy tools. This tool is aimed at some special fields and can be used as a supplement to general monetary policy tools, including credit control in the securities market, consumer credit control, real estate credit control and preferential interest rates. ③ Monetary policy tools for direct credit control, including loan limit, interest rate limit and direct intervention. ④ Monetary policy tools for indirect credit control, including moral advice and window guidance.