Why is India seriously short of water?

India has a tropical monsoon climate. Coupled with a large population, unbalanced distribution of water resources, water pollution and over-exploitation of groundwater, India is seriously short of water.

Reason one: the population is huge.

In fact, India is rich in water resources. However, due to its huge population base, the per capita available water resources have been greatly reduced. At present, the per capita available water resources in India are 1 100 cubic meters, which is lower than the warning line of water shortage in international standards 1700 cubic meters.

The second reason: uneven distribution of water resources.

The serious water shortage in India is closely related to the uneven distribution of water resources. From the annual average precipitation map of India, it can be seen that the area near the Himalayas and the central and western regions near the Indian Ocean are the places with the most precipitation. However, the annual precipitation in the western desert near Pakistan is less than 100 mm, and India has a tropical monsoon climate. Although affected by the southwest monsoon, the dry season is coming. Tropical monsoon climate is characterized by distinct dry and wet seasons and high temperature all year round.

Reason three: water pollution.

River pollution in most parts of India is very serious, especially in urban areas. A large amount of urban sewage is directly discharged into rivers without treatment, which makes the water that can be used originally polluted and unusable.

Reason 4: Groundwater overexploitation is serious.

Other countries can draw groundwater because of water shortage, but India's surface water can't be used, because 80% of India's agricultural irrigation water and 90% of domestic water come from groundwater. Due to the excessive use of groundwater, it has a certain impact on the ecology. This is why India is short of water.