What does the integration of Zhoushan Ningbo Port reflect?

On June 5438+1 October12006, Zhejiang once again attracted the world's attention: Ningbo Port and Zhoushan Port, two deep-water ports located in the east of Zhejiang, were formally merged, and the new port name "Ningbo-Zhoushan Port" was officially opened, while the original "Ningbo Port" and "Zhoushan Port" were also officially opened.

"The name has since withdrawn from the historical stage. The newly established Ningbo-Zhoushan Port Management Committee is specifically responsible for coordination and management.

The merger of these two ports has created a history. At the beginning of 2006, The Observer spent half a month reading this extraordinary merger history in Ningbo and Zhoushan.

The inseparable "Ningzhou Port"

At the signing ceremony after the "2005 Hong Kong Zhejiang Week Opening Ceremony" held at the Grand Hyatt Hotel in Hong Kong, Zhoushan Municipal Government, Zhongji Group (Hong Kong) International Finance and Investment Co., Ltd. and Shangri-La (Asia) Co., Ltd. signed a cooperation agreement on the development and construction of Changzhi International Tourism Resort Island with a total investment of 680 million US dollars.

This is a shot of Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province, making every effort to build a strong marine economy city.

Zhoushan, known as "a Buddhist country on the sea and a port city with fishing capital", has 1390 large and small islands, excellent deep-water ports and rich marine tourism resources. The city's coastline is 2440 kilometers long, and the wharf coastline can be built 1500 kilometers, among which 25 ports with a water depth of 65438+ 10,000 tons above 15 meters can be built, with a coastline length of 103 kilometers. ...

"Di ..." The long voice of the ferry brought the reporter's thoughts back to his eyes.

This sea route between Ningbo Baifeng Wharf and Zhoushan Ya Dan Mountain Wharf is affectionately called "Blue Highway" by Zhoushan people. For a long time, due to the scattered islands and inconvenient transportation, people still rely on this important "blue highway" to enter and leave the inland, although there is Putuoshan Airport.

The inconvenient transportation also affects the utilization of island resources and restricts the economic development of Zhoushan.

As the saying goes, "poverty changes."

Zhoushan people found a treasure around them, that is, the port. The locals joked that Zhoushan lacked everything except the port. Indeed, Zhoushan's port industry, port logistics, marine tourism, marine transportation and marine fishery are all closely related to the ocean.

In recent years, according to the change of the situation and the reality of Zhoushan, Zhoushan Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have established the concept of establishing a city with Hong Kong, prospering the city with Hong Kong and focusing on the marine economy.

Zhang Jiameng, secretary of Zhoushan Municipal Party Committee and director of the Standing Committee of the Municipal People's Congress, said: The large-scale, specialized and allied world shipping, the eastward movement of the current world shipbuilding center and the construction of Shanghai International Shipping Center have brought unprecedented opportunities to the development of Zhoushan. We Zhoushan people must seize the opportunity, give play to our advantages, accelerate the strategic development of Zhoushan Port, Shanghai Port and Ningbo Port, and build Zhoushan into a modern port, tourism and logistics city as soon as possible.

Now, driving on this "blue expressway", you won't feel lonely at all-the ferry has just left Baifeng Wharf, and from the right side of the ship's rail, a row of giant cranes stands proudly in front, which is the newly-built foreign trade container wharf crossing the mountain; The ferry takes about 10 minutes, and you will see a large circular "tank" on Daxie Island on the left and a foreign supertanker about 200 meters long docked at the dock. You don't have to guess that it is a crude oil transit base. On the surface of the ocean, ships come and go very frequently, and the scene of "a hundred battles" makes people think about it. ...

It is the port that "activates" the lonely Zhoushan Islands!

1In April, 987, the State Council approved Zhoushan Port to open to the outside world. At present, Zhoushan Port has foreign trade with Japan, the United States, Russia, North Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and other major countries in the world, and has opened international container liners. The goods transported by the port mainly include oil, coal, ore, wood and grain.

With the continuous development and construction of Zhoushan Port, a comprehensive main port with water as its main function has gradually formed.

At present, there are eight ports in Hong Kong: Dinghai, shenjiamen, Laotangshan, Gaoting, Qushan, Sijiao, Luhuashan and Yangshan.

Chen Weiqi, director of Zhoushan Port Administration Office, told reporters with delight that Zhoushan Port has become one of the coastal ports in China. In 2004, the throughput of Zhoushan Port reached 73,592,600 tons, and it continued to rank ninth among coastal ports in China. In 2005, the throughput of Zhoushan Port was close to 654.38 billion tons, and now it has merged with Ningbo Port, aiming to be the "boss" of world-class ports.

Accompanied by the staff of the Port Authority, the reporter drove to the Laotangshan Port Area of Zhoushan for an interview.

Along the coastline, about a quarter of an hour's drive, Ren pointed to the left front and said, "Well, that's the third phase of the old Tangshan Port Area, and you can reach the port area through the tunnel."

Old Tangshan Port Area is located in cengang Town in the west of Zhoushan Island. Before the tunnel was opened, it was called "Siberia" in cengang by local people, and it was inaccessible.

Old Tangshan Port Area is the largest public comprehensive port area in Zhoushan Port, and the first phase will build a 65,438+10,000-ton and 5,000-ton general cargo terminal.

1990 A reporter who is still in primary school visited Laotangshan Port and came back to write an article. I still remember that the original title was "Old Tangshan Port, Today is not what it used to be". Later, the article actually won an award, and the prize was two pencils.

Now, standing in the port area, the reporter tried to find something from the dusty memory, but found it difficult.

Because the port has already been upgraded to a port area, it has changed a lot.

There are 25,000-ton and 3,000-ton coal docks in the second phase of the port area, with complete sets of special facilities for coal loading, unloading and stacking. The third phase of the project will build 50,000-ton multi-purpose berths, 5,000-ton berths and corresponding land supporting facilities. Lingang Industrial Park, built on the old Tangshan port area, will devote itself to the development of grain, oil, coal and wood processing industries, and a huge grain depot directly under the central government will be located next to the port area.

Li Yading, general manager of Zhoushan Port Haitong Transit Storage and Transportation Co., Ltd. in Old Tangshan Port Area, expressed the intention of the reporter's interview. He said: "The merger of Ningbo Port and Zhoushan Port is absolutely beneficial to our enterprise as long as the two ports can make unified planning and reasonable division of labor."

Pointing to the mountains of coal outside the window, he said that the main function of our terminal is to load and unload coal, but there is also a coal terminal in Ningbo Port, which has certain competition. After the merger of the two ports, as long as the planning is reasonable and the supply of goods is "positioned and quantified", our enterprise can concentrate on production without spending too much energy on management, which is extremely beneficial to the benign operation and survival of the port.

The sea wind is quite cold in winter. The reporter stood on the dock and looked into the distance. On the other side of the vast ocean is the famous Ningbo Port.

In recent years, the development of Zhoushan Port has encountered a "bottleneck" in capital and management, while Ningbo Port has sufficient funds and standardized management.

At this time, it seems that Lu Jun, strategic consultant of Ningbo Port Group, told reporters: "Due to historical reasons, Ningbo Port and Zhoushan Port are separated. Nowadays, under the situation of great changes at home and abroad, ports in the same sea area and channel should have merged and integrated resources long ago. The port is the future of Zhejiang! "

Opportunities and challenges brought by globalization

According to the analysis of international shipping experts, at present, the accelerating globalization process has led to great changes in the world economy and trade pattern, and the world shipping center is shifting from the west to the east.

China is the new engine for the prosperity of Asian shipping industry.

In the past 10 years, the global container trade grew at an average annual rate of about 9.6%, while China's growth rate reached 30%, ranking first in the world. The port container throughput of Chinese mainland and Hongkong ranks first in the world, accounting for about 1/4 of the global container terminal throughput.

Luo Ping, a researcher at the Comprehensive Transportation Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission of China, said: "The accelerated flow of capital, talents, resources and products between China and the world has brought huge transportation demand to the port and shipping industry. In order to meet the requirements of economic development, China will speed up port construction and the development of the port industry will be further accelerated. "

Although China's port industry has developed rapidly in recent years, it still cannot meet the demand of international economy and trade for China's shipping industry, which will become a great driving force for the further development of China's ports.

Globalization has provided unprecedented opportunities for the development of China ports, but it has also brought many challenges.

"The port is no longer just a static place to provide berths. The industrial chain itself also requires the port and shipping industry to provide modern high-level logistics services. " An expert told the reporter, "China should pay attention to improving the comprehensive capacity, management and service level of ports while increasing the number of ports to meet the needs of modern international trade."

In addition, the imbalance of port infrastructure construction between the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean is also a "trouble" brought by the rapid development of China's port industry directly facing economic globalization. Fu Yuning, president of China Merchants Group, said, "The new ships are getting bigger and bigger, which will bring great pressure to ports and terminals."

The head of the Propaganda Department of Ningbo Port Group told the reporter a vivid example: On March 30th, 2005, a 450,000-ton Panamanian supertanker "Taiou" visited Ningbo Port, carrying 270,000 tons of cargo, and Ningbo Port dispatched six tugboats to "move ants", and the "Taiou" docked firmly in Beilun Port Area of Ningbo Port. The foreign captain gave a thumbs-up to the waterway and port, and even said several "very good", indicating that he would choose Beilun Port Area of Ningbo Port next time.

In fact, it is also the case. During this voyage, Taiou did not choose to call at Singapore Port, Busan Port of South Korea, Kobe Port of Japan, Kaohsiung Port of Taiwan Province and Dalian Port in northern Chinese mainland, and finally chose to call at Ningbo Port. Because in Asia, only this port can adapt to the "big guy" of "Taiwan and Europe".

The foreign captain didn't break his word. A few months later, the "Taiou" visited Ningbo Port again with more than 300,000 tons of cargo.

The headquarters of Ningbo Port Group is located near the famous Zhaobaoshan in Zhenhai, Ningbo, beside the busy Yongjiang River.

It is understood that Ningbo Port consists of Beilun Port Area, Zhenhai Port Area, Ningbo Port Area, Daxie Port Area and Chuanshan Port Area. It is a multifunctional, comprehensive and modern deep-water port integrating inland river port, estuary port and seaport. At present, there are 19 1 berth, including 39 deep-water berths above 10,000 tons. The largest are 250,000-ton crude oil wharf, 200,000-ton ore unloading wharf (reliable 300,000-ton ship), the sixth generation international container berth and the 50,000-ton liquid chemical berth; It has been opened to more than 560 ports in more than 90 countries and regions around the world.

Ningbo Port is mainly engaged in loading, unloading, storage and transit of imported iron ore, domestic and foreign trade containers, crude oil and refined oil, liquid chemical products, coal and other bulk goods.

In 2005, the annual cargo throughput of Ningbo Port was 269 million tons and the container throughput was 5,209,500 boxes.

For Zhejiang, the integration of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port is more urgent than ever.

"The coastline of Ningbo Port has been developed almost." Experts from Zhoushan Port Authority told reporters that Daxie Island, on the other side of Ningbo Port, has developed a crude oil transshipment berth, with a deep-water coastline of only a few kilometers. Cargo ships entering and leaving Ningbo Port must pass through Xiashimen Waterway in Zhoushan. Cargo ships with 200,000 tons can enter and exit freely, and cargo ships with more than 30 tons need to wait for the tide to enter and exit. Moreover, Ningbo Port is vulnerable to the frontal attack of the northeast typhoon, which makes the unloading of the terminal vulnerable to the climatic conditions. "

Jintang Island, which is only 1.9 nautical miles opposite Ningbo Port and included in the planning of the Continental Link Island project, is an excellent site for the 5th and 6th generation container ports. However, due to the lack of financial capacity and traffic restrictions, Zhoushan's container throughput is only 26,000 TEU.

Faced with various unfavorable and favorable conditions between the two ports, we are pleasantly surprised to find that their advantages and disadvantages are complementary. This laid a solid foundation for the merger of the two ports.

The scene after the merger of the two ports

Jintang Dapukou modern container berth, which forms an international ocean container transit base with Ningbo Beilun and Daxie, is under intense construction. Zhoushan's mainland island connection project is also in full swing and will be completed by the end of 2007. ...

The brand of integration of Ningbo and Zhoushan Port in Zhejiang Province has been erected, so what will we face after the merger of the two ports?

Undoubtedly, what we are directly facing is the continuous expansion of Zhejiang shipping scale and the increasing international competitiveness of ports.

Experts from Zhejiang Port and Shipping Bureau told reporters that Ningbo and Zhoushan Port are both famous deep-water seaports in China, with many deep-water waterway resources and natural conditions for developing international ports. Through the integration of resources between the two ports, the "four unifications" of planning, construction, brand and management will be realized, and the overall competitiveness will be greatly improved. It is estimated that by 2020, the cargo throughput of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port will exceed 650 million tons, ranking among the top three ports in the world. By then, Ningbo-Zhoushan Port will develop into a super-large port in the world and a modern container ocean trunk port, rank among the first-class ports in the world and become a well-known brand in the international port industry.

The integration of the marine resources of the two ports and the improvement of the international competitiveness of the ports will have the most direct impact on vigorously promoting the marine transportation industry, and then promote the great development of the port-facing industry.

At present, foreign investors have invested in the development of two ports in Zhoushan, Ningbo, and the number of foreign shipping companies settled in Ningbo Port has increased significantly. Many world-renowned shipping companies have turned their investments to Ningbo and Zhoushan, and the world's largest container fleet has also docked at Ningbo Port. The remarkable achievements of Zhoushan Port in Ningbo have to be said to be the benefits brought by actively promoting the integration of the two ports.

At the same time, with the promotion of the integration of the two ports, the shipping industry in Zhejiang Province will not be lonely.

Forwarding is an industry that depends on Hong Kong for food, which is closely related to the development of the port.

Gao Jianzhong, general manager of Ningbo Donghai Freight Forwarding Logistics Company, said that the integration of the two ports will greatly increase the cargo throughput of the two ports. Goods shipped or imported from Zhoushan Port will pass through Ningbo, and freight forwarders and shippers will pass through Ningbo freight forwarding enterprises, which is an opportunity for enterprises to develop and grow. With the rapid development of the port, the freight forwarding industry in Ningbo will also develop accordingly. Soon, we plan to open a branch in Zhoushan.

The integration of the two ports and resources is the first step. It is the dream of several generations of Zhoushan people to build an all-weather Zhoushan-mainland passage and turn Zhoushan from an island in the sea into a whole with the mainland.

In order to make full use of Zhoushan's deep-water coastline resources, further promote the economic development of the Yangtze River Delta, improve the traffic conditions of land island and promote the development of Zhoushan's local characteristics economy, Zhoushan City has decided to build the land island connecting project 65438-0997 with the great attention of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government.

The reporter learned from an interview in Zhoushan that at present, some super-large enterprises from all over the country and even around the world have turned their attention to Zhoushan, and many investment projects are under negotiation, most of which are directed at the Liandao Bridge.

Guo Zhenmin, director of the Foreign Affairs Office of Shengsi County in Zhoushan, told the reporter: "I just sent away a group of Korean guests recently. They came to visit our local investment projects. In the past two years, Shengsi's rich port and tourism resources have attracted many Chinese and foreign investors. I am full of confidence in the future of Shengsi and I am also full of confidence in Zhoushan. "

In the medium and long term, after the completion of the project, it is of great strategic significance to develop Zhoushan's deep-water coastline resources, close the economic and trade exchanges between Zhejiang and even China and the rest of the world, and further accelerate the economic development of the Yangtze River Delta region led by Shanghai.

How to transform Zhejiang's port and location advantages into a new leader leading Zhejiang's future economic development as soon as possible and further enhance Zhejiang's competitiveness in the Yangtze River Delta region and even the national economic structure is becoming an important focus of Zhejiang's marine economic development.

Lu Jun, strategic consultant of Ningbo Port Group, who witnessed Ningbo Port moving from an inland port to a world port, told the reporter that 1996, when the first international container ocean-going trunk line of Ningbo Port was opened, it was difficult to fill 300 TEUs every week, and it was necessary to solicit goods by administrative means.

Nowadays, the cooperation between Ningbo Port and the inland hinterland is deepening. With the help of Ningbo Port, a convenient "window" to the sea, the export growth is very strong.

Zhang Yiyao, deputy director of the Party Committee Work Department of Ningbo Port, said in an interview with reporters during his busy schedule that it is difficult to invite first-class shipping companies to hold port promotion meetings overseas. Now, from the world's first and second shipping giants "Maersk" and "Hainan Airlines in the Mediterranean" to domestic ocean shipping leaders "COSCO" and "Sinotrans", they all take the initiative to establish themselves in Ningbo Port. Ningbo Port has incorporated more than 600 ports around the world into its "global communication" map.

As a traditional mode of transportation, water transport has the advantages of large volume, low price and safety. The integration of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port in Zhejiang Province will position it as a large international port, become an important water transport base in China, and promote the economic and social development of Zhejiang Province.

In this sense, the merger of the two ports is a wise choice!

Merged troubles and sorrows

We admit that the integration of Ningbo and Zhoushan Port will give full play to the advantages of port resources, break the disadvantages of lack of energy and raw materials, solve the new space for Zhejiang's economic development in the future, and give Zhejiang a new competitive advantage. It is indeed a wise strategic choice.

Ningbo Port and Zhoushan Port are two major port pillars in Zhejiang Province and an important part of the south wing of Shanghai International Shipping Center.

However, the administrative division makes the development of the two ports often encounter an "embarrassing" situation.

Ningbo Port and Zhoushan Port were originally one port in nature, but they were divided into two ports because of administrative divisions and management system.

In order to seek further development, Ningbo and Zhoushan Port must break the boundaries of administrative divisions and take the road of coordinated development.

In this context, in 2003, the provincial party committee and the provincial government clearly proposed to integrate the resources of the two ports and speed up the integration of the two ports, and made clear the guiding ideology of "unified planning, orderly construction, market operation and strengthening coordination". In 2005, the goal of "unified planning, unified brand, unified construction and unified management" was further determined.

Zhoushan Jintang Island took the lead in breaking the administrative boundary, separated from Beilun Port Area of Ningbo Port by a river. Jintang sea area, as the nearest deep-water coastline of Zhoushan to Ningbo, has the richest and most concentrated deep-water resources in the Yangtze River Delta region, and is an ideal place to build a container deep-water port.

On June 2 1 2005, the feasibility study report of Jintang Dapukou Container Terminal, which was jointly invested and built by Ningbo and Zhoushan in a market-oriented way, passed the pre-examination by experts. The designed annual throughput of this project is 2.5 million TEUs, with a total investment of 5.7 billion yuan. After the project is completed, it will greatly improve the container handling capacity of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port together with Ningbo Beilun Phase IV and Phase V Project and Daxie Container Terminal.

At the same time, the Zhoushan-Ningbo project has also accelerated the pace of construction. Jintang will become the bridgehead connecting Zhoushan with the mainland and directly connected with the economic hinterland of Ningbo, which will make up for the shortage of the deep-water coastline of Ningbo Port and greatly improve Zhoushan's ability to receive economic radiation from economically developed areas in the mainland. Obviously, with the implementation of Zhoushan Continental Link Project, the island shoreline resources in Jintang and other places in Zhoushan will be integrated with those in Beilun, Ningbo, and the development environment of some island shoreline resources will be fundamentally changed.

Nowadays, the establishment of "Ningbo-Zhoushan Port Management Committee" and the launch of "Ningbo-Zhoushan Port" brand make "Ningbo-Zhoushan Port" participate in the competition of domestic and international shipping markets as a port and a brand, and * * * give full play to the advantages of Shanghai International Shipping Center as a deep-water port in the south wing.

As a port and shipping expert said: "It is a development to invest huge sums of money to build docks. Integrating resources and integrating linkage is also development. However, there is a difference between them. The former is tactics, and the latter is a strategic choice of strategy-fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses and integrating superior resources. "

But in fact, after the integration of the two ports, there have been problems. The biggest problem is the unified management in the "four unifications".

Because in the specific operation, there will inevitably be contradictions and frictions involving border inspection, customs, taxation, administrative law enforcement and so on between the ports of the two places, and some confusion may occur. Of course, this requires the joint efforts of both Hong Kong and Britain, and it can only be solved after a period of running-in.

The current practice is: "Ningbo-Zhoushan Port Management Committee", which is responsible for the planning and management of Ningbo and Zhoushan Port and the orderly development of deep-water coastline, and coordinating the construction of major projects of the two ports; Coordinate the formulation and implementation of the production and operation order and related rules and regulations of the two ports; Responsible for the collection, reporting and unified release of statistical data of the two ports; Coordinate the publicity and investment promotion of the two ports. At the initial stage of the integration of the two ports, the port administrative departments of Ningbo and Zhoushan still exercised specific port management functions according to the principle of territorial management; When foreign trade ships and goods enter and leave the port, they still declare to the port and port management departments of Ningbo and Zhoushan respectively, and the work flow remains unchanged.

It is also known that in order to show the effect of 1+ 1 > 2, Zhejiang will set up Ningbo-Zhoushan Port Group Co., Ltd., which will mainly focus on Ningbo and Zhoushan, and at the same time "attract powerful large enterprises at home and abroad to participate in the stock market". In the future, the group company can gradually integrate with the original port enterprises through asset acquisition, property right replacement and equity holding. In terms of the establishment of competent institutions, the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port Management Committee will be established on the basis of the existing management departments of the two ports. Through several years' efforts, we will gradually realize the unified management of port, navigation, customs and border inspection in Ningbo and Zhoushan Port, and finally realize the real integration of the two ports.

What is worthy of recognition here is that the cross-administrative merger of Ningbo and Zhoushan Port is definitely the first "crab-eating" role in China, which will play an exemplary role in the fragmentation, waste of resources and inefficiency that still exist in some parts of China, and it will also be a change in China's social and economic development, and once this change exerts a force on economic development, it will be endless!