What is the origin of the twenty-four solar terms?

The origin of the twenty-four solar terms

Twenty-four solar terms, is the ancient times, according to the earth in the ecliptic (i.e., the earth's orbit around the sun) on the position of the changes and the development of each solar term corresponds to the sun in the ecliptic for every 15 ° of the movement of the sun to reach a certain position and the development of the climatic laws. The Earth's orbit around the Sun, the ancients named the "ecliptic", also known as the "solar path", the ecliptic is divided into 24 equal proportions, 15 ° apart, the formation of the 24 solar terms.

The 24 solar terms are actually 24 seasonal points, 2 per month. The 24 solar terms take a cycle of the Earth's rotation around the sun as a cycle, basically summarizing the differences in the sun's position on the ecliptic at different times of the year, the exact time of the passage of heat and cold, the laws governing the occurrence of natural phenomena such as rainfall and snowfall, as well as documenting the moments of some of the physical phenomena in nature.

The dates of the start of the 24 solar terms in our country's stem and branch calendar are almost the same as those in the internationally recognized Gregorian calendar, with a difference of one or two days at most, precisely because the stem and branch calendar, like the Gregorian calendar, is based on the Earth's one-year revolution around the Sun. The Stem and Branch Calendar is a calendar that uses 60 different sets of celestial stems and earthly branches to mark the year, month, day and hour.

The Stem and Branch Calendar starts the year with the first day of spring and the first day of the month with a festival. It divides the twelve months with twenty-four solar terms, each containing two solar terms, and there are no leap months. The calendar is related to the cyclical motion of the Earth around the Sun, and its year, month and day are all determined by the Sun's apparent motion, independent of the lunar phases of the Taiyin. However, it is different from the usual solar calendar (e.g. Gregorian calendar), in which the length of the month is determined by human beings and has nothing to do with heavenly phenomena, so it is a solar calendar with Chinese characteristics. Since ancient times, it has remained popular in books such as the almanac, and is used in numerology, feng shui, and numerology.

Significance of the 24 Solar Terms

The 24 Solar Terms are not only the time guidelines issued by the government, but also the compasses for guiding agricultural production, and the compasses for people to foretell the cold, warmth, snow and rain in their daily life. The 24 solar terms accurately reflect the changes of the seasons and are used to guide agricultural activities, affecting the clothing, food, housing and transportation of thousands of families. The 24 solar terms scientifically reveal the laws of astronomical and meteorological changes.

The twenty-four solar terms have skillfully combined astronomy, agriculture, weather and folklore, giving rise to a large number of seasonal cultures, which have become an important part of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation.

In the long agrarian society, the twenty-four solar terms have played an important role in guiding agricultural activities, and have rich cultural connotations, and some important solar terms such as Lichun, winter solstice, Qingming, and other interesting folk customs such as "biting the spring" and "trekking in the green". The Chinese government has also been working on the development of a new Chinese culture, which will be a new form of Chinese culture.

Expanded Information:

Seasonal Characteristics

Spring

Libernation: Doo refers to the Yin; the sun's yellow longitude is 315 degrees. Lishun means beginning, and Lishun is the beginning of spring. The festival is intersected on February 3-5 of the Gregorian calendar.

Rain: Doo refers to non; the sun's yellow longitude is 330°. Rainfall begins and the amount of rain increases gradually. The festival is held on February 18-20 of the Gregorian calendar.

Hibernation: Dou refers to Ding; the Sun's yellow meridian is 345°. Hibernation means hiding. Hibernation means the first stirring of spring thunder, which awakens animals hibernating in the earth. The festival is intersected on March 05-07 of the Gregorian calendar.

Spring Equinox: Doo means non; the sun's yellow longitude is 0°. Equinox means equal division. Vernal equinox indicates equal division of day and night. It crosses the festival on March 20-22 of the Gregorian calendar.

Ching Ming: Dou refers to Ding; the Sun's yellow longitude is 15°. The weather is clear and the grass is lush. The festival is celebrated on April 04-06 of the Gregorian calendar.

Grain Rain: Doo refers to Dec; the Sun's yellow meridian is 30°. Rain produces all kinds of grains. Rain is sufficient and timely for cereal crops to thrive. The festival is intersected on April 19-21 of the Gregorian calendar.

Summer

Rising Summer: Doo points southeast; the Sun's yellow longitude is 45°. The beginning of summer. Crosses the festival on May 05-07 of the Gregorian calendar.

Xiaoman: Doo fingernail; the sun's yellow longitude is 60°. Beginning of fullness of seeds of wheat and other summer crops. The festival is held on May 20-27 of the Gregorian calendar.

Mangseo: Doo Fingernail; the Sun's yellow longitude is 75°. Wheat and other awned crops mature. The festival is celebrated on June 05-07 of the Gregorian calendar.

Summer Solstice: Doo points to B; the Sun's yellow longitude is 90°. The heat of summer arrives. June 21-22, Gregorian calendar.

Small Summer: Doo refers to Xin; the Sun's yellow longitude is 105°. Summer means hot; Xiaoshu is the beginning of hot climate. July 06-08 of the Gregorian calendar to cross the festival.

Da Summer: Doo refers to C; the Sun's yellow meridian is 120°. The hottest time of the year. July 22-24 of the Gregorian calendar.?

Autumn

Autumn: Doo points southwest; the sun's yellow longitude is 135°. The beginning of the fall season. Crosses the festival on August 07-09 of the Gregorian calendar.

The first heat: Doo points to E; the Sun's yellow longitude is 150°. The place means to terminate, to hide. The first summer heat is to indicate the end of the hot summer days. It crosses the festival on August 22-24 of the Gregorian calendar.

White Dew: Doo refers to Dec; the Sun's yellow longitude is 165°. The weather turns cooler and the dew condenses and turns white. It is celebrated on September 07-09 of the Gregorian calendar.

Autumn Equinox: Doo refers to already; the Sun's yellow longitude is 180°. Day and night are equally divided. September 22-24, Gregorian calendar.

Cold Dew: Doo Fingernail; the Sun's yellow longitude is 195°. The dew is cold and will freeze. The festival is held on October 08-09 of the Gregorian calendar.

Frost: Doo finger nail; the sun's yellow longitude is 210°. The weather is getting colder and frost begins to appear. The festival is held on October 23-24 of the Gregorian calendar.

Winter

Rising Winter: Doo points northwest; the Sun's yellow meridian is 225°. The beginning of winter. The festival is celebrated on November 7-8 of the Gregorian calendar.

Little Snow: Doo points to the hex; the Sun's yellow longitude is 240°. Means the beginning of snow. It is celebrated on November 22-23 of the Gregorian calendar.

Large Snow: Doo refers to Dec; the Sun's yellow longitude is 255°. Snowfall increases and snow may accumulate on the ground. The festival is held on December 6-8 of the Gregorian calendar.

Winter Solstice: Dou refers to Zi; the Sun's yellow longitude is 270°. Cold winter arrives. December 21-23, Gregorian calendar.

Small Cold: Doji Zi; the sun's yellow longitude is 285°. The climate begins to be cold. The festival is celebrated on January 5-7 of the Gregorian calendar.

Daihan: Doo refers to the ugly; the sun's yellow longitude is 300°. The coldest time of the year. The festival is celebrated on January 20-21 of the Gregorian calendar.

Social Impact

The 24 specific festivals in the Stem and Branch Calendar, which indicate the change of seasons, were established in ancient times. The supplementary calendar that absorbed the 24 seasons to guide farming during the Han Dynasty is said to have been based on seasonal changes in the sky, temperature, precipitation, and physical conditions in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the same seasons may have depicted a very different picture for other parts of China. In reality, however, although the four seasons of the central and lower reaches of the Yellow River can be reflected in the climatic characteristics of the four seasons, the specific climatic significance of the "Li" is not significant.

Climatology, often every five days of the average daily temperature stabilized at 10 ℃ above the beginning of the day divided into the beginning of spring, it is the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River spring meaning is not consistent with the real into the spring only Lingnan region. "Spring, China's winter and spring demarcation line (average daily temperature for five consecutive days of 10 degrees Celsius or more counted as the beginning of spring), in Guangxi Guilin to Jiangxi Ganzhou line. The area south of that line, spring has the breath of spring, but 93 percent of China's land area is still winter, to Heilongjiang, often in the valley rain when the summer into spring, the so-called spring, but also just some 'intention'."

Ancient China will be the longest annual shadow of the sun as "to the" (also known as the day long to, long to, winter solstice), the shortest shadow of the sun for the "day short to" (also known as the short solstice, summer solstice). In the spring and autumn seasons each have a day of equal length of day and night, will be designated as the "spring equinox" and "autumn equinox". 21st century, with the popularization and development of agricultural science and technology, the constraints of the seasonal weather on us has not been so strict, but it is still on the production of people's lives play a fundamental role in guiding, still our clothing and clothing, and still the most important factor in the development of the seasonal weather.

The twenty-four solar terms have survived in many parts of the country, and there are many agricultural proverbs and sayings, such as "the spring is warming up, and the rain is busy sending fertilizer", "Qingming breaks the snow, and the rain breaks the frost", "the white dewy day, and the boat is full of fish", and "the boat is full of fish when it's over". ""After the White Dew Festival, the night is cold and the day is hot,"" "small snow pickles, snow pickles meat," but also widely guided by our production and life, is a vivid example.

Historically, the twenty-four seasons have long crossed the border and gone global, influencing the Korean Peninsula, Japan and Southeast Asia. There are places where the change of seasons is not obvious, but the people there still pass on and carry forward the 24 solar terms and the culture attached to them, fully demonstrating their cultural value. As early as in ancient times, the 24 solar terms were accepted by other countries such as Korea and Japan, and have been utilized in modern times by combining the actual situation of their countries with their national cultures.

The twenty-four solar terms have been introduced to Japan for more than 1,000 years, and some of them have been included in Japan's legal festivals (holidays).? [7]? In ancient times, Japan had been using the Chinese lunar calendar, following the "twenty-four seasons", and changing the calendar with the Chinese imperial court in the Middle Ages, using the Yuanjia Calendar, the Linde Calendar, the Dayan Calendar, the Wuji Calendar, and the Xuanming Calendar. After that, Japan began to use the Jeungheung Calendar and the Tenpo Calendar, which were more applicable to the local area and written by Japanese people.

Japan's local festivals are called "Miscellaneous Festivals" based on the 24 Solar Terms, but since the 24 Solar Terms were originally based on the rotation of the Earth, they are still called "Miscellaneous Festivals". Since the "24 Solar Terms" are based on the rotation of the earth, the dates are still set according to the traditional algorithm. For example, "Setsubun" in the Japanese Miscellaneous Festivals is the day before "Lichun" in China's "24 Solar Terms", and "Pisan" is the day before the spring equinox, the spring equinox, and the spring equinox. "is a week that includes the vernal and autumnal equinoxes, and so on. In contemporary Japan, the vernal equinox is also recognized as a public holiday.

Local time February 2, 2015, in Seoul, South Korea, with two days left in the twenty-four seasons of the Lichun, staff of the Seoul National Folk Museum put up Lichun couplets on the gate of the traditional South Korean building, the Omura House.

Vietnam's traditional calendar has retained most of the 24 solar terms, while changing the timing of some of them to make them more applicable to the country's actual situation. At present, although the solar calendar is officially used in Vietnam, some people still use the traditional lunar and solar calendars, especially farmers, who still follow the seasons to organize their work and rest.

The success of the "24 Solar Terms" bid proves that Chinese culture is once again recognized by the international community. Since ancient times, it has not only been the guardian of the lives of our ancestors, but also a guiding light that has influenced the development of civilization in many countries.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Twenty-four Seasons (Calendar)